stegosaurus Who acts: stegosaurus, name, people, plates, We, brain · What happens: eat, be, mean, think, lay, have · To what, where: large eating dinosaur, roof lizard, plates, back, tail, ferns · Speech: someone speaks here
«stegosaurus» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: stegosaurus in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A stegosaurus was a large plant-eating dinosaur with two rows of big bony plates along its back and sharp spikes on its tail.
The tree, 24 words det nsubj cop det amod compound punct amod case nummod nmod case amod amod nmod case nmod:poss nmod cc amod conj case nmod:poss nmod punct root A DET stegosaurus NOUN was AUX a DET large ADJ plant NOUN - PUNCT eating VERB dinosaur NOUN with ADP two NUM rows NOUN of ADP big ADJ bony ADJ plates NOUN along ADP its PRON back NOUN and CCONJ sharp ADJ spikes NOUN on ADP its PRON tail NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 stegosaurus det 2 stegosaurus stegosaurus NOUN Number=Sing 9 dinosaur nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 dinosaur cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 dinosaur det 5 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 9 dinosaur amod 6 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 8 eating compound 7 - - PUNCT _ 6 plant punct 8 eating eat VERB VerbForm=Ger 9 dinosaur amod 9 dinosaur dinosaur NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 with with ADP _ 12 rows case 11 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 12 rows nummod 12 rows row NOUN Number=Plur 9 dinosaur nmod 13 of of ADP _ 16 plates case 14 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 16 plates amod 15 bony bony ADJ Degree=Pos 16 plates amod 16 plates plate NOUN Number=Plur 12 rows nmod 17 along along ADP _ 19 back case 18 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 19 back nmod:poss 19 back back NOUN Number=Sing 16 plates nmod 20 and and CCONJ _ 22 spikes cc 21 sharp sharp ADJ Degree=Pos 22 spikes amod 22 spikes spike NOUN Number=Plur 19 back conj 23 on on ADP _ 25 tail case 24 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 25 tail nmod:poss 25 tail tail NOUN Number=Sing 22 spikes nmod 26 . . PUNCT _ 9 dinosaur punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat gerund vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a past a stegosaurus a large eating dinosaur with two rows of big bony plates along stegosaurus's back and sharp spikes on stegosaurus's tail tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The name means «roof lizard» because people once thought its plates lay flat like roof tiles.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj punct compound obj punct mark nsubj advmod advcl nmod:poss nsubj ccomp advmod case compound obl punct root The DET name NOUN means VERB « PUNCT roof NOUN lizard NOUN » PUNCT because SCONJ people NOUN once ADV thought VERB its PRON plates NOUN lay VERB flat ADV like ADP roof NOUN tiles NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 name det 2 name name NOUN Number=Sing 3 means nsubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 « « PUNCT _ 6 lizard punct 5 roof roof NOUN Number=Sing 6 lizard compound 6 lizard lizard NOUN Number=Sing 3 means obj 7 » » PUNCT _ 6 lizard punct 8 because because SCONJ _ 11 thought mark 9 people people NOUN Number=Plur 11 thought nsubj 10 once once ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 11 thought advmod 11 thought think VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 means advcl 12 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 plates nmod:poss 13 plates plate NOUN Number=Plur 14 lay nsubj 14 lay lay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 thought ccomp 15 flat flat ADV _ 14 lay advmod 16 like like ADP _ 18 tiles case 17 roof roof NOUN Number=Sing 18 tiles compound 18 tiles tile NOUN Number=Plur 14 lay obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present the name roof lizard vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lizard=Topic 2 think speech: other past people once property vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 3 lay present name's plates like roof tiles; flat property vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 1 The stegosaurus had plates on its back and spikes on its tail.
det nsubj obj case nmod:poss obl cc conj case nmod:poss obl punct root The DET stegosaurus NOUN had VERB plates NOUN on ADP its PRON back NOUN and CCONJ spikes VERB on ADP its PRON tail NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 stegosaurus det 2 stegosaurus stegosaurus NOUN Number=Sing 3 had nsubj 3 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 plates plate NOUN Number=Plur 3 had obj 5 on on ADP _ 7 back case 6 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 back nmod:poss 7 back back NOUN Number=Sing 3 had obl 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 spikes cc 9 spikes spike VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 had conj 10 on on ADP _ 12 tail case 11 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 12 tail nmod:poss 12 tail tail NOUN Number=Sing 9 spikes obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the stegosaurus plates stegosaurus's back vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plate=Patient 2 spike present the stegosaurus not said here stegosaurus's tail tree rules
Example 2 Stegosaurus ate ferns and low plants.
nsubj obj cc amod conj punct root Stegosaurus PROPN ate VERB ferns NOUN and CCONJ low ADJ plants NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Stegosaurus Stegosaurus PROPN Number=Sing 2 ate nsubj 2 ate eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 ferns fern NOUN Number=Plur 2 ate obj 4 and and CCONJ _ 6 plants cc 5 low low ADJ Degree=Pos 6 plants amod 6 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 3 ferns conj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 ate punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat past Stegosaurus ferns and low plants vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fern=Patient
Example 3 We saw a stegosaurus skeleton at the Natural History Museum.
nsubj det compound obj case det amod compound obl punct root We PRON saw VERB a DET stegosaurus NOUN skeleton NOUN at ADP the DET Natural ADJ History PROPN Museum PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 saw nsubj 2 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 skeleton det 4 stegosaurus stegosaurus NOUN Number=Sing 5 skeleton compound 5 skeleton skeleton NOUN Number=Sing 2 saw obj 6 at at ADP _ 10 Museum case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 Museum det 8 Natural Natural ADJ Degree=Pos 9 History amod 9 History History PROPN Number=Sing 10 Museum compound 10 Museum Museum PROPN Number=Sing 2 saw obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 saw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see past We a stegosaurus skeleton the History Museum vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer skeleton=Stimulus
Example 4 A stegosaurus was as long as a bus.
det nsubj cop advmod case det obl punct root A DET stegosaurus NOUN was AUX as ADV long ADV as ADP a DET bus NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 stegosaurus det 2 stegosaurus stegosaurus NOUN Number=Sing 5 long nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 long cop 4 as as ADV _ 5 long advmod 5 long long ADV Degree=Pos root root 6 as as ADP _ 8 bus case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 bus det 8 bus bus NOUN Number=Sing 5 long obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 long punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past a stegosaurus as a bus; long property tree rules
Example 5 Its brain was surprisingly small, about the size of a dog's.
nmod:poss nsubj cop advmod punct advmod det obl case det nmod case punct root Its PRON brain NOUN was AUX surprisingly ADV small ADJ , PUNCT about ADV the DET size NOUN of ADP a DET dog NOUN 's PART . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 brain nmod:poss 2 brain brain NOUN Number=Sing 5 small nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 small cop 4 surprisingly surprisingly ADV _ 5 small advmod 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 size punct 7 about about ADV _ 9 size advmod 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 size det 9 size size NOUN Number=Sing 5 small obl 10 of of ADP _ 12 dog case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 dog det 12 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 9 size nmod 13 's 's PART _ 12 dog case 14 . . PUNCT _ 5 small punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past Its brain the size of a dog obl ; small, surprisingly property tree rules
Example 6 The plates may have helped it warm up or show off to other stegosauruses.
The tree, 14 words det nsubj aux aux obj xcomp compound:prt cc conj compound:prt case amod obl punct root The DET plates NOUN may AUX have AUX helped VERB it PRON warm VERB up ADP or CCONJ show VERB off ADP to ADP other ADJ stegosauruses NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 plates det 2 plates plate NOUN Number=Plur 5 helped nsubj 3 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 helped aux 4 have have AUX VerbForm=Inf 5 helped aux 5 helped help VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 6 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 helped obj 7 warm warm VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 helped xcomp 8 up up ADP _ 7 warm compound:prt 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 show cc 10 show show VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 warm conj 11 off off ADP _ 10 show compound:prt 12 to to ADP _ 14 stegosauruses case 13 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 14 stegosauruses amod 14 stegosauruses stegosaurus NOUN Number=Plur 10 show obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 helped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help may · perfect the plates it vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent it=Beneficiary clause=Theme 2 warm up infinitive vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 3 show off infinitive other stegosauruses vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient how S»: agent=Agent to stegosaurus=Recipient
Example 7 My little brother's favourite dinosaur toy is a green stegosaurus.
nmod:poss amod nmod:poss case amod compound nsubj cop det amod punct root My PRON little ADJ brother NOUN 's PART favourite ADJ dinosaur NOUN toy NOUN is AUX a DET green ADJ stegosaurus NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 brother nmod:poss 2 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 3 brother amod 3 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 7 toy nmod:poss 4 's 's PART _ 3 brother case 5 favourite favourite ADJ Degree=Pos 7 toy amod 6 dinosaur dinosaur NOUN Number=Sing 7 toy compound 7 toy toy NOUN Number=Sing 11 stegosaurus nsubj 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 stegosaurus cop 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 stegosaurus det 10 green green ADJ Degree=Pos 11 stegosaurus amod 11 stegosaurus stegosaurus NOUN Number=Sing root root 12 . . PUNCT _ 11 stegosaurus punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present My little brother's favourite dinosaur toy a green stegosaurus tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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