stronghold Who acts: stronghold, castle, group, most people, Highlands, knights · What happens: defend, be, attack, support, retreat, take · To what, where: strong defended place, place, area, politics, one party, stronghold
«stronghold» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: stronghold in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A stronghold is a strong, well-defended place such as a castle or fort that is hard to attack.
The tree, 19 words det nsubj cop det amod punct discourse punct amod case fixed det nmod cc conj nsubj cop acl:relcl mark xcomp punct root A DET stronghold NOUN is AUX a DET strong ADJ , PUNCT well INTJ - PUNCT defended VERB place NOUN such ADJ as ADP a DET castle NOUN or CCONJ fort NOUN that PRON is AUX hard ADJ to PART attack VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 stronghold det 2 stronghold stronghold NOUN Number=Sing 10 place nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 place cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 place det 5 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 10 place amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 strong punct 7 well well INTJ _ 10 place discourse 8 - - PUNCT _ 7 well punct 9 defended defend VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 place amod 10 place place NOUN Number=Sing root root 11 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 14 castle case 12 as as ADP _ 11 such fixed 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 castle det 14 castle castle NOUN Number=Sing 10 place nmod 15 or or CCONJ _ 16 fort cc 16 fort fort NOUN Number=Sing 14 castle conj 17 that that PRON PronType=Rel 19 hard nsubj 18 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 19 hard cop 19 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 14 castle acl:relcl 20 to to PART _ 21 attack mark 21 attack attack VERB VerbForm=Inf 19 hard xcomp 22 . . PUNCT _ 10 place punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 defend participle vn defend-72.3 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent 2 is a present a stronghold a strong defended place such a castle or fort tree rules 3 is present a castle or fort hard property tree rules 4 attack to-infinitive a castle or fort not said here vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A stronghold is also a place where a group, idea, animal or plant is still strong and common.
The tree, 18 words det nsubj cop advmod det advmod det nsubj punct appos punct appos cc conj cop advmod acl:relcl cc conj punct root A DET stronghold NOUN is AUX also ADV a DET place NOUN where ADV a DET group NOUN , PUNCT idea NOUN , PUNCT animal NOUN or CCONJ plant NOUN is AUX still ADV strong ADJ and CCONJ common ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 stronghold det 2 stronghold stronghold NOUN Number=Sing 6 place nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 place cop 4 also also ADV _ 6 place advmod 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 place det 6 place place NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 where where ADV PronType=Rel 18 strong advmod 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 group det 9 group group NOUN Number=Sing 18 strong nsubj 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 idea punct 11 idea idea NOUN Number=Sing 9 group appos 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 animal punct 13 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 9 group appos 14 or or CCONJ _ 15 plant cc 15 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 9 group conj 16 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 strong cop 17 still still ADV _ 18 strong advmod 18 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 6 place acl:relcl 19 and and CCONJ _ 20 common cc 20 common common ADJ Degree=Pos 18 strong conj 21 . . PUNCT _ 6 place punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a stronghold a place tree rules 2 is present a group or plant still strong property tree rules 3 be a group or plant not said here tree rules
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"The Highlands are a stronghold of the red squirrel."
punct det nsubj cop det case det amod nmod punct punct root " PUNCT The DET Highlands PROPN are AUX a DET stronghold NOUN of ADP the DET red ADJ squirrel NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 6 stronghold punct 2 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 Highlands det 3 Highlands Highland PROPN Number=Plur 6 stronghold nsubj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 stronghold cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 stronghold det 6 stronghold stronghold NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 10 squirrel case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 squirrel det 9 red red ADJ Degree=Pos 10 squirrel amod 10 squirrel squirrel NOUN Number=Sing 6 stronghold nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 stronghold punct 12 " " PUNCT _ 6 stronghold punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a in a quote present the Highlands a stronghold of the red squirrel tree rules
Meaning 3 In politics, a stronghold is an area where most people support one party.
The tree, 13 words case obl punct det nsubj cop det advmod amod nsubj acl:relcl nummod obj punct root In ADP politics NOUN , PUNCT a DET stronghold NOUN is AUX an DET area NOUN where ADV most ADJ people NOUN support VERB one NUM party NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 politics case 2 politics politics NOUN Number=Ptan 8 area obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 politics punct 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 stronghold det 5 stronghold stronghold NOUN Number=Sing 8 area nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 area cop 7 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 area det 8 area area NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 where where ADV PronType=Rel 12 support advmod 10 most most ADJ Degree=Sup 11 people amod 11 people people NOUN Number=Plur 12 support nsubj 12 support support VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 area acl:relcl 13 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 14 party nummod 14 party party NOUN Number=Sing 12 support obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 8 area punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a stronghold a area politics tree rules 2 support present most people one party vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer party=Stimulus
Example 1 The knights retreated to their stronghold on the hill.
det nsubj case nmod:poss obl case det obl punct root The DET knights NOUN retreated VERB to ADP their PRON stronghold NOUN on ADP the DET hill NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 knights det 2 knights knight NOUN Number=Plur 3 retreated nsubj 3 retreated retreat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to ADP _ 6 stronghold case 5 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 stronghold nmod:poss 6 stronghold stronghold NOUN Number=Sing 3 retreated obl 7 on on ADP _ 9 hill case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 hill det 9 hill hill NOUN Number=Sing 3 retreated obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 retreated punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 retreat past the knights the hill to knights's stronghold vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to stronghold=Initial_Location
Example 2 The castle was a stronghold that no army could take.
det nsubj cop det obj det nsubj aux acl:relcl punct root The DET castle NOUN was AUX a DET stronghold NOUN that PRON no DET army NOUN could AUX take VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 castle det 2 castle castle NOUN Number=Sing 5 stronghold nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 stronghold cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 stronghold det 5 stronghold stronghold NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 take obj 7 no no DET PronType=Neg 8 army det 8 army army NOUN Number=Sing 10 take nsubj 9 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 take aux 10 take take VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 stronghold acl:relcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 stronghold punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the castle a stronghold tree rules 2 take could no army a stronghold vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme
Example 3 Scotland is a stronghold for red squirrels.
nsubj cop det case amod nmod punct root Scotland PROPN is AUX a DET stronghold NOUN for ADP red ADJ squirrels NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Scotland Scotland PROPN Number=Sing 4 stronghold nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 stronghold cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 stronghold det 4 stronghold stronghold NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 for for ADP _ 7 squirrels case 6 red red ADJ Degree=Pos 7 squirrels amod 7 squirrels squirrel NOUN Number=Plur 4 stronghold nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 stronghold punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Scotland a stronghold for red squirrels tree rules
Example 4 The rebels held a stronghold in the mountains.
det nsubj det obj case det obl punct root The DET rebels NOUN held VERB a DET stronghold NOUN in ADP the DET mountains NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 rebels det 2 rebels rebel NOUN Number=Plur 3 held nsubj 3 held hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 stronghold det 5 stronghold stronghold NOUN Number=Sing 3 held obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 mountains case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 mountains det 8 mountains mountain NOUN Number=Plur 3 held obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 held punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold past the rebels a stronghold the mountains vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent stronghold=Theme in mountain=Location
Example 5 This town is a stronghold of the Labour Party.
det nsubj cop det case det compound nmod punct root This DET town NOUN is AUX a DET stronghold NOUN of ADP the DET Labour PROPN Party PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 This this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 2 town det 2 town town NOUN Number=Sing 5 stronghold nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 stronghold cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 stronghold det 5 stronghold stronghold NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 9 Party case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 Party det 8 Labour Labour PROPN Number=Sing 9 Party compound 9 Party Party PROPN Number=Sing 5 stronghold nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 stronghold punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present this town a stronghold of the Labour Party tree rules
Example 6 The villain's stronghold was hidden under the sea.
det nmod:poss case nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl punct root The DET villain NOUN 's PART stronghold NOUN was AUX hidden VERB under ADP the DET sea NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 villain det 2 villain villain NOUN Number=Sing 4 stronghold nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 villain case 4 stronghold stronghold NOUN Number=Sing 6 hidden nsubj:pass 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 hidden aux:pass 6 hidden hide VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 under under ADP _ 9 sea case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 sea det 9 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 6 hidden obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 hidden punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hide past · passive the villain's stronghold the sea vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Patient under sea=Location
Example 7 The island is the last stronghold of the rare bird.
det nsubj cop det amod case det amod nmod punct root The DET island NOUN is AUX the DET last ADJ stronghold NOUN of ADP the DET rare ADJ bird NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 island det 2 island island NOUN Number=Sing 6 stronghold nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 stronghold cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 stronghold det 5 last last ADJ Degree=Pos 6 stronghold amod 6 stronghold stronghold NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 10 bird case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 bird det 9 rare rare ADJ Degree=Pos 10 bird amod 10 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 6 stronghold nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 stronghold punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the island the last stronghold of the rare bird tree rules
Example 8 She travelled in the direction of Iollan’s stronghold.
nsubj case det obl case nmod:poss case nmod punct root She PRON travelled VERB in ADP the DET direction NOUN of ADP Iollan PROPN ’s PART stronghold NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 travelled nsubj 2 travelled travel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 5 direction case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 direction det 5 direction direction NOUN Number=Sing 2 travelled obl 6 of of ADP _ 9 stronghold case 7 Iollan Iollan PROPN Number=Sing 9 stronghold nmod:poss 8 ’s 's PART _ 7 Iollan case 9 stronghold stronghold NOUN Number=Sing 5 direction nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 travelled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 travel past She the direction of Iollan's stronghold vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in direction=Trajectory
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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