sub Who acts: sub, player, Sub prefix, Latin word, sub anno, coach · What happens: be, come on, replace, supply, pay, sub · To what, where: substitute, another, match, submarine, long sandwich, substitute teacher · Speech: someone speaks here
«sub» in the school dictionary: its 8 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: sub in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.
A sub is a substitute, a player who comes on to replace another in a match.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cop det punct det appos nsubj acl:relcl advmod mark advcl obj case det obl punct root A DET sub NOUN is AUX a DET substitute NOUN , PUNCT a DET player NOUN who PRON comes VERB on ADV to PART replace VERB another DET in ADP a DET match NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 sub det 2 sub sub NOUN Number=Sing 5 substitute nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 substitute cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 substitute det 5 substitute substitute NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 player punct 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 player det 8 player player NOUN Number=Sing 5 substitute appos 9 who who PRON PronType=Rel 10 comes nsubj 10 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 player acl:relcl 11 on on ADV _ 10 comes advmod 12 to to PART _ 13 replace mark 13 replace replace VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 comes advcl 14 another another DET PronType=Ind 13 replace obj 15 in in ADP _ 17 match case 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 match det 17 match match NOUN Number=Sing 13 replace obl 18 . . PUNCT _ 5 substitute punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a sub a substitute tree rules 2 come on present a player vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 replace to-infinitive a player not said here another a match vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme another=Co-Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.
A sub is a submarine.
det nsubj cop det punct root A DET sub NOUN is AUX a DET submarine NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 sub det 2 sub sub NOUN Number=Sing 5 submarine nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 submarine cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 submarine det 5 submarine submarine NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 submarine punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a sub a submarine tree rules
Meaning 3 Usage: US — kept apart, not parsed.
A sub is a long sandwich, a submarine sandwich.
det nsubj cop det amod punct det compound conj punct root A DET sub NOUN is AUX a DET long ADJ sandwich NOUN , PUNCT a DET submarine NOUN sandwich NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 sub det 2 sub sub NOUN Number=Sing 6 sandwich nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 sandwich cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 sandwich det 5 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 6 sandwich amod 6 sandwich sandwich NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 sandwich punct 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 sandwich det 9 submarine submarine NOUN Number=Sing 10 sandwich compound 10 sandwich sandwich NOUN Number=Sing 6 sandwich conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 sandwich punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a sub a long sandwich and a submarine sandwich tree rules
Meaning 4 Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.
A sub is a substitute teacher (US, Canada) or supply teacher.
The tree, 11 words det nsubj cop det compound punct appos punct conj punct cc conj obj punct root A DET sub NOUN is AUX a DET substitute NOUN teacher NOUN ( PUNCT US PROPN , PUNCT Canada PROPN ) PUNCT or CCONJ supply VERB teacher NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 sub det 2 sub sub NOUN Number=Sing 6 teacher nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 teacher cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 teacher det 5 substitute substitute NOUN Number=Sing 6 teacher compound 6 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 ( ( PUNCT _ 8 US punct 8 US US PROPN Number=Sing 6 teacher appos 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 Canada punct 10 Canada Canada PROPN Number=Sing 8 US conj 11 ) ) PUNCT _ 8 US punct 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 supply cc 13 supply supply VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 teacher conj 14 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 13 supply obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 6 teacher punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a sub a substitute teacher tree rules 2 supply infinitive a sub not said here teacher vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent teacher=Recipient
Meaning 5 Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.
A sub is a subscription, money paid to a club.
det nsubj cop det punct conj acl case det obl punct root A DET sub NOUN is AUX a DET subscription NOUN , PUNCT money NOUN paid VERB to ADP a DET club NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 sub det 2 sub sub NOUN Number=Sing 5 subscription nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 subscription cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 subscription det 5 subscription subscription NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 money punct 7 money money NOUN Number=Sing 5 subscription conj 8 paid pay VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 money acl 9 to to ADP _ 11 club case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 club det 11 club club NOUN Number=Sing 8 paid obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 subscription punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a sub a subscription and money tree rules 2 pay participle money not said here to a club vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Meaning 6 Usage: informal, UK — kept apart, not parsed.
To sub someone is to lend them a little money.
mark advcl obj cop mark obj det amod obj punct root To PART sub VERB someone PRON is AUX to PART lend VERB them PRON a DET little ADJ money NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 sub mark 2 sub sub VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 lend advcl 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 sub obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 lend cop 5 to to PART _ 6 lend mark 6 lend lend VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 lend obj 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 money det 9 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 10 money amod 10 money money NOUN Number=Sing 6 lend obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 lend punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sub to-infinitive someone tree rules 2 is present lend property tree rules
Meaning 7 Sub- is a prefix meaning under or below: submarine, subway, subtract.
The tree, 11 words compound punct cop det acl case cc obl punct conj punct appos punct parataxis punct root Sub NOUN - PUNCT is AUX a DET prefix NOUN meaning VERB under ADP or CCONJ below ADV : PUNCT submarine NOUN , PUNCT subway NOUN , PUNCT subtract VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sub sub NOUN Number=Sing 5 prefix compound 2 - - PUNCT _ 1 Sub punct 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 prefix cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 prefix det 5 prefix prefix NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 meaning mean VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 prefix acl 7 under under ADP _ 9 below case 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 below cc 9 below below ADV _ 6 meaning obl 10 : : PUNCT _ 11 submarine punct 11 submarine submarine NOUN Number=Sing 5 prefix conj 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 subway punct 13 subway subway NOUN Number=Sing 11 submarine appos 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 subtract punct 15 subtract subtract VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 11 submarine parataxis 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 prefix punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a Sub prefix and submarine tree rules 2 mean gerund a Sub prefix and submarine not said here vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 3 subtract infinitive vn multiply-108-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Meaning 8 In old books, sub is a Latin word meaning under, as in sub anno, which means under that year.
The tree, 19 words case amod obl punct nsubj cop det amod acl fixed punct case case compound ccomp punct nsubj parataxis case det obl punct root In ADP old ADJ books NOUN , PUNCT sub NOUN is AUX a DET Latin ADJ word NOUN meaning VERB under ADP , PUNCT as ADP in ADP sub ADV anno NOUN , PUNCT which PRON means VERB under ADP that DET year NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 books case 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 3 books amod 3 books book NOUN Number=Plur 9 word obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 books punct 5 sub sub NOUN Number=Sing 9 word nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 word cop 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 word det 8 Latin Latin ADJ Degree=Pos 9 word amod 9 word word NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 meaning mean VERB VerbForm=Ger 9 word acl 11 under under ADP _ 10 meaning fixed 12 , , PUNCT _ 16 anno punct 13 as as ADP _ 16 anno case 14 in in ADP _ 16 anno case 15 sub sub ADV _ 16 anno compound 16 anno anno NOUN Number=Sing 10 meaning ccomp 17 , , PUNCT _ 19 means punct 18 which which PRON PronType=Rel 19 means nsubj 19 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 anno parataxis 20 under under ADP _ 22 year case 21 that that DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 22 year det 22 year year NOUN Number=Sing 19 means obl 23 . . PUNCT _ 9 word punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present sub a Latin word old books tree rules 2 mean gerund a Latin word not said here vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 3 mean present sub anno year vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Example 1 The coach brought on a sub in the second half.
det nsubj case det obl case det amod obl punct root The DET coach NOUN brought VERB on ADP a DET sub NOUN in ADP the DET second ADJ half NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 coach det 2 coach coach NOUN Number=Sing 3 brought nsubj 3 brought bring VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 on on ADP _ 6 sub case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 sub det 6 sub sub NOUN Number=Sing 3 brought obl 7 in in ADP _ 10 half case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 half det 9 second second ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 10 half amod 10 half half NOUN Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac 3 brought obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 brought punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bring past the coach a sub in the second half vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on sub=Destination
Example 2 We had a sub today because Mr Brown was ill.
nsubj det obj obl:unmarked mark nsubj flat cop advcl punct root We PRON had VERB a DET sub NOUN today NOUN because SCONJ Mr PROPN Brown PROPN was AUX ill ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 sub det 4 sub sub NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obj 5 today today NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obl:unmarked 6 because because SCONJ _ 10 ill mark 7 Mr Mr PROPN Number=Sing 10 ill nsubj 8 Brown Brown PROPN Number=Sing 7 Mr flat 9 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 ill cop 10 ill ill ADJ Degree=Pos 2 had advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past We a sub today vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sub=Patient 2 is past Mr ill property tree rules
Example 3 I'd like a turkey sub, please.
nsubj aux det compound obj punct discourse punct root I PRON 'd AUX like VERB a DET turkey NOUN sub NOUN , PUNCT please INTJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 like nsubj 2 'd would AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 like aux 3 like like VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 sub det 5 turkey turkey NOUN Number=Sing 6 sub compound 6 sub sub NOUN Number=Sing 3 like obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 3 like punct 8 please please INTJ _ 3 like discourse 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 like punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 like would I a turkey sub vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot sub=Theme
Example 4 The sub dived under the waves.
det nsubj case det obl punct root The DET sub NOUN dived VERB under ADP the DET waves NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 sub det 2 sub sub NOUN Number=Sing 3 dived nsubj 3 dived dive VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 under under ADP _ 6 waves case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 waves det 6 waves wave NOUN Number=Plur 3 dived obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 dived punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 dive past the sub the waves vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under wave=Location
Example 5 (UK, informal) Can you sub me a quid till Friday?
punct obl punct amod punct aux nsubj obj det obj case obl punct root ( PUNCT UK PROPN , PUNCT informal ADJ ) PUNCT Can AUX you PRON sub VERB me PRON a DET quid NOUN till ADP Friday PROPN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 UK punct 2 UK UK PROPN Number=Sing 8 sub obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 4 informal punct 4 informal informal ADJ Degree=Pos 2 UK amod 5 ) ) PUNCT _ 4 informal punct 6 Can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 sub aux 7 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 sub nsubj 8 sub sub VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 9 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 sub obj 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 quid det 11 quid quid NOUN Number=Sing 8 sub obj 12 till till ADP _ 13 Friday case 13 Friday Friday PROPN Number=Sing 8 sub obl 14 ? ? PUNCT _ 8 sub punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sub can you UK friday tree rules
Example 6 Have you paid your subs for football club?
aux nsubj:pass nmod:poss obj case compound obl punct root Have AUX you PRON paid VERB your PRON subs NOUN for ADP football NOUN club NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 paid aux 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 paid nsubj:pass 3 paid pay VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 subs nmod:poss 5 subs sub NOUN Number=Plur 3 paid obj 6 for for ADP _ 8 club case 7 football football NOUN Number=Sing 8 club compound 8 club club NOUN Number=Sing 3 paid obl 9 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 paid punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pay present · perfect · passive you for football club vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP NP PP.theme»: subject=Recipient sub=Asset for club=Theme
Example 7 «Subtract» means take away.
punct nsubj punct ccomp advmod punct root « PUNCT Subtract VERB » PUNCT means VERB take VERB away ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Subtract punct 2 Subtract subtract VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 4 means nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Subtract punct 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 take take VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 means ccomp 6 away away ADV _ 5 take advmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 subtract in a quote infinitive vn multiply-108-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 take away infinitive away property vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 8 Matthew Paris tells the story, sub anno (it is an addition of his to Ralph Disset), Hist.
The tree, 17 words nsubj flat det obj punct ccomp goeswith punct nsubj cop det obl case nmod:poss mark nmod flat punct punct conj punct root Matthew PROPN Paris PROPN tells VERB the DET story NOUN , PUNCT sub ADV anno X ( PUNCT it PRON is AUX an DET addition NOUN of ADP his PRON to PART Ralph PROPN Disset PROPN ) PUNCT , PUNCT Hist PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Matthew Matthew PROPN Number=Sing 3 tells nsubj 2 Paris Paris PROPN Number=Sing 1 Matthew flat 3 tells tell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 story det 5 story story NOUN Number=Sing 3 tells obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 sub punct 7 sub sub ADV _ 3 tells ccomp 8 anno anno X _ 7 sub goeswith 9 ( ( PUNCT _ 13 addition punct 10 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 addition nsubj 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 addition cop 12 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 addition det 13 addition addition NOUN Number=Sing 3 tells obl 14 of of ADP _ 17 Ralph case 15 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 17 Ralph nmod:poss 16 to to PART _ 17 Ralph mark 17 Ralph Ralph PROPN Number=Sing 13 addition nmod 18 Disset Disset PROPN Number=Sing 17 Ralph flat 19 ) ) PUNCT _ 18 Disset punct 20 , , PUNCT _ 21 Hist punct 21 Hist Hist PROPN Number=Sing 17 Ralph conj 22 . . PUNCT _ 3 tells punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell speech: assert present Matthew the story vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent story=Recipient 2 is a present story a addition of Matthew's Ralph and Hist tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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