suffer Who acts: bad thing, work, you, your, She, Animals · What happens: suffer, be, have, happen, become, not sleep · To what, where: you, defeat, damage, hay fever, Animals, big defeat · Speech: someone speaks here
«suffer» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: suffer in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To suffer is to feel pain, illness, sadness or other bad things.
The tree, 12 words mark csubj cop mark obj punct conj punct conj cc amod amod conj punct root To PART suffer VERB is AUX to PART feel VERB pain NOUN , PUNCT illness NOUN , PUNCT sadness NOUN or CCONJ other ADJ bad ADJ things NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 suffer mark 2 suffer suffer VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 feel csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 feel cop 4 to to PART _ 5 feel mark 5 feel feel VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 pain pain NOUN Number=Sing 5 feel obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 illness punct 8 illness illness NOUN Number=Sing 6 pain conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 sadness punct 10 sadness sadness NOUN Number=Sing 6 pain conj 11 or or CCONJ _ 14 things cc 12 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 14 things amod 13 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 14 things amod 14 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 6 pain conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 feel punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suffer to-infinitive vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 2 is present feel property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To have a bad thing happen to you: suffer a defeat, suffer damage.
The tree, 13 words mark advcl det amod nsubj case obl punct conj det obj punct conj obj punct root To PART have VERB a DET bad ADJ thing NOUN happen VERB to ADP you PRON : PUNCT suffer VERB a DET defeat NOUN , PUNCT suffer VERB damage NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 have mark 2 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 happen advcl 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 thing det 4 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 5 thing amod 5 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 6 happen nsubj 6 happen happen VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 to to ADP _ 8 you case 8 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 6 happen obl 9 : : PUNCT _ 10 suffer punct 10 suffer suffer VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 happen conj 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 defeat det 12 defeat defeat NOUN Number=Sing 10 suffer obj 13 , , PUNCT _ 14 suffer punct 14 suffer suffer VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 suffer conj 15 damage damage NOUN Number=Sing 14 suffer obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 6 happen punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have to-infinitive a bad thing not said here vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 happen infinitive a bad thing you vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 suffer infinitive a bad thing not said here a defeat vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer defeat=Stimulus 4 suffer infinitive a bad thing not said here damage vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer damage=Stimulus
Meaning 3 To become worse because of something: your work will suffer if you do not sleep.
The tree, 15 words mark advmod case fixed obl punct nmod:poss nsubj aux conj mark nsubj aux advmod advcl punct root To PART become VERB worse ADV because ADP of ADP something PRON : PUNCT your PRON work NOUN will AUX suffer VERB if SCONJ you PRON do AUX not PART sleep VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 become mark 2 become become VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 worse badly ADV Degree=Cmp 2 become advmod 4 because because ADP ExtPos=ADP 6 something case 5 of of ADP _ 4 because fixed 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 become obl 7 : : PUNCT _ 11 suffer punct 8 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 work nmod:poss 9 work work NOUN Number=Sing 11 suffer nsubj 10 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 11 suffer aux 11 suffer suffer VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 something conj 12 if if SCONJ _ 16 sleep mark 13 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 16 sleep nsubj 14 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 sleep aux 15 not not PART Polarity=Neg 16 sleep advmod 16 sleep sleep VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 suffer advcl 17 . . PUNCT _ 2 become punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 become to-infinitive because something; badly property vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient 2 suffer future your work vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 3 not sleep a condition, not said to happen present · do-support you vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 work your nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 1 She suffers from hay fever in the spring.
nsubj case compound obl case det obl punct root She PRON suffers VERB from ADP hay NOUN fever NOUN in ADP the DET spring NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 suffers nsubj 2 suffers suffer VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 from from ADP _ 5 fever case 4 hay hay NOUN Number=Sing 5 fever compound 5 fever fever NOUN Number=Sing 2 suffers obl 6 in in ADP _ 8 spring case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 spring det 8 spring spring NOUN Number=Sing 2 suffers obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 suffers punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suffer present She hay fever spring vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Example 2 Animals should never be left to suffer.
nsubj:pass aux advmod aux:pass mark xcomp punct root Animals NOUN should AUX never ADV be AUX left VERB to PART suffer VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 5 left nsubj:pass 2 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 left aux 3 never never ADV PronType=Neg 5 left advmod 4 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 5 left aux:pass 5 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 to to PART _ 7 suffer mark 7 suffer suffer VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 left xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 left punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not leave should · passive Animals tree rules 2 suffer to-infinitive Animals not said here vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Example 3 The team suffered a big defeat.
det nsubj det amod obj punct root The DET team NOUN suffered VERB a DET big ADJ defeat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 team det 2 team team NOUN Number=Sing 3 suffered nsubj 3 suffered suffer VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 defeat det 5 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 6 defeat amod 6 defeat defeat NOUN Number=Sing 3 suffered obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 suffered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suffer past the team a big defeat vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer defeat=Stimulus
Example 4 The town suffered damage in the flood.
det nsubj obj case det obl punct root The DET town NOUN suffered VERB damage NOUN in ADP the DET flood NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 town det 2 town town NOUN Number=Sing 3 suffered nsubj 3 suffered suffer VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 damage damage NOUN Number=Sing 3 suffered obj 5 in in ADP _ 7 flood case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 flood det 7 flood flood NOUN Number=Sing 3 suffered obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 suffered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suffer past the town damage the flood vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer damage=Stimulus
Example 5 Your schoolwork will suffer if you stay up too late.
nmod:poss nsubj aux mark nsubj advcl compound:prt advmod advmod punct root Your PRON schoolwork NOUN will AUX suffer VERB if SCONJ you PRON stay VERB up ADP too ADV late ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 schoolwork nmod:poss 2 schoolwork schoolwork NOUN Number=Sing 4 suffer nsubj 3 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 suffer aux 4 suffer suffer VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 if if SCONJ _ 7 stay mark 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 stay nsubj 7 stay stay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 suffer advcl 8 up up ADP _ 7 stay compound:prt 9 too too ADV _ 10 late advmod 10 late late ADV Degree=Pos 7 stay advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 suffer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suffer future Your schoolwork vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 2 stay up a condition, not said to happen present you late property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 Don't suffer in silence; tell an adult if you are hurt.
aux advmod case obl punct conj det obj mark nsubj aux:pass advcl punct root Do AUX n't PART suffer VERB in ADP silence NOUN ; PUNCT tell VERB an DET adult NOUN if SCONJ you PRON are AUX hurt VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 suffer aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 suffer advmod 3 suffer suffer VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 5 silence case 5 silence silence NOUN Number=Sing 3 suffer obl 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 7 tell punct 7 tell tell VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 suffer conj 8 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 adult det 9 adult adult NOUN Number=Sing 7 tell obj 10 if if SCONJ _ 13 hurt mark 11 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 13 hurt nsubj 12 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 hurt aux:pass 13 hurt hurt VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 tell advcl 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 suffer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not suffer imperative · do-support you not said here silence vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 2 tell speech: assert infinitive you not said here a adult vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent adult=Recipient 3 hurt a condition, not said to happen present · passive you vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Example 7 Then everybody in the jungle suffers.
advmod nsubj case det nmod punct root Then ADV everybody PRON in ADP the DET jungle NOUN suffers VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Then then ADV PronType=Dem 6 suffers advmod 2 everybody everybody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 6 suffers nsubj 3 in in ADP _ 5 jungle case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 jungle det 5 jungle jungle NOUN Number=Sing 2 everybody nmod 6 suffers suffer VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 suffers punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suffer present everybody then vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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