suffocate Who acts: enough air, Plastic bags, fire blanket, you, dog, heat · What happens: suffocate, be, breathe, make, die, get · To what, where: person, someone, air, small children, flames, dog
«suffocate» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: suffocate in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To suffocate is to be unable to breathe because there is not enough air, which can make a person or animal very ill or die.
The tree, 25 words mark advcl cop mark cop mark xcomp mark expl advcl advmod amod nsubj punct nsubj aux acl:relcl det obj cc conj advmod advcl cc conj punct root To PART suffocate VERB is AUX to PART be AUX unable ADJ to PART breathe VERB because SCONJ there PRON is VERB not PART enough ADJ air NOUN , PUNCT which PRON can AUX make VERB a DET person NOUN or CCONJ animal NOUN very ADV ill ADJ or CCONJ die VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 suffocate mark 2 suffocate suffocate VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 unable advcl 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 unable cop 4 to to PART _ 6 unable mark 5 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 6 unable cop 6 unable unable ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 to to PART _ 8 breathe mark 8 breathe breathe VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 unable xcomp 9 because because SCONJ _ 11 is mark 10 there there PRON PronType=Dem 11 is expl 11 is be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 breathe advcl 12 not not PART Polarity=Neg 14 air advmod 13 enough enough ADJ Degree=Pos 14 air amod 14 air air NOUN Number=Sing 11 is nsubj 15 , , PUNCT _ 18 make punct 16 which which PRON PronType=Rel 18 make nsubj 17 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 18 make aux 18 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 14 air acl:relcl 19 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 person det 20 person person NOUN Number=Sing 18 make obj 21 or or CCONJ _ 22 animal cc 22 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 20 person conj 23 very very ADV _ 24 ill advmod 24 ill ill ADJ Degree=Pos 18 make advcl 25 or or CCONJ _ 26 die cc 26 die die VERB VerbForm=Inf 24 ill conj 27 . . PUNCT _ 6 unable punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suffocate to-infinitive vn suffocate-40.7 «NP.theme V»: agent=Patient 2 is present unable property tree rules 3 breathe to-infinitive vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 be present enough air there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 5 make can enough air a person or animal vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset person=Product 6 die infinitive enough air not said here vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To suffocate someone or something is to stop it getting air.
mark advcl obj cc conj cop mark obj xcomp obj punct root To PART suffocate VERB someone PRON or CCONJ something PRON is AUX to PART stop VERB it PRON getting VERB air NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 suffocate mark 2 suffocate suffocate VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 stop advcl 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 suffocate obj 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 something cc 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 someone conj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 stop cop 7 to to PART _ 8 stop mark 8 stop stop VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 stop obj 10 getting get VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 stop xcomp 11 air air NOUN Number=Sing 10 getting obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 8 stop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suffocate to-infinitive someone vn suffocate-40.7 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent someone=Patient 2 is present stop property tree rules 3 get gerund air vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer air=Stimulus
Meaning 3 To feel suffocated is to feel trapped or held back, or very hot and stuffy.
The tree, 15 words mark advcl xcomp cop mark xcomp cc conj advmod punct cc advmod conj cc conj punct root To PART feel VERB suffocated VERB is AUX to PART feel VERB trapped VERB or CCONJ held VERB back ADV , PUNCT or CCONJ very ADV hot ADJ and CCONJ stuffy ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 feel mark 2 feel feel VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 feel advcl 3 suffocated suffocate VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 feel xcomp 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 feel cop 5 to to PART _ 6 feel mark 6 feel feel VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 trapped trap VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 feel xcomp 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 held cc 9 held hold VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 trapped conj 10 back back ADV _ 9 held advmod 11 , , PUNCT _ 14 hot punct 12 or or CCONJ _ 14 hot cc 13 very very ADV _ 14 hot advmod 14 hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 6 feel conj 15 and and CCONJ _ 16 stuffy cc 16 stuffy stuffy ADJ Degree=Pos 14 hot conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 6 feel punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel to-infinitive vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 suffocate participle vn suffocate-40.7 «NP.theme V»: agent=Patient 3 is present feel property tree rules 4 trap participle vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 5 hold back participle vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 6 be tree rules
Example 1 Plastic bags can suffocate small children, so never play with them.
amod nsubj aux amod obj punct advmod advmod conj case obl punct root Plastic ADJ bags NOUN can AUX suffocate VERB small ADJ children NOUN , PUNCT so ADV never ADV play VERB with ADP them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Plastic plastic ADJ Degree=Pos 2 bags amod 2 bags bag NOUN Number=Plur 4 suffocate nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 suffocate aux 4 suffocate suffocate VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 6 children amod 6 children child NOUN Number=Plur 4 suffocate obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 play punct 8 so so ADV _ 10 play advmod 9 never never ADV PronType=Neg 10 play advmod 10 play play VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 suffocate conj 11 with with ADP _ 12 them case 12 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 play obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 suffocate punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suffocate can Plastic bags small children vn suffocate-40.7 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent child=Patient 2 not play infinitive Plastic bags not said here with bags = bag vn play-114.2-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with they=Theme
Example 2 A fire blanket suffocates the flames by keeping air out.
det compound nsubj det obj mark advcl obj compound:prt punct root A DET fire NOUN blanket NOUN suffocates VERB the DET flames NOUN by SCONJ keeping VERB air NOUN out ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 blanket det 2 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 3 blanket compound 3 blanket blanket NOUN Number=Sing 4 suffocates nsubj 4 suffocates suffocate VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 flames det 6 flames flame NOUN Number=Plur 4 suffocates obj 7 by by SCONJ _ 8 keeping mark 8 keeping keep VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 suffocates advcl 9 air air NOUN Number=Sing 8 keeping obj 10 out out ADP _ 8 keeping compound:prt 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 suffocates punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suffocate present a fire blanket the flames vn suffocate-40.7 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent flame=Patient 2 keep out gerund a fire blanket not said here air vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme
Example 3 Never leave a dog in a hot car; it could suffocate.
advmod det obj case det amod obl punct nsubj aux conj punct root Never ADV leave VERB a DET dog NOUN in ADP a DET hot ADJ car NOUN ; PUNCT it PRON could AUX suffocate VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 leave advmod 2 leave leave VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 dog det 4 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 2 leave obj 5 in in ADP _ 8 car case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 car det 7 hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 8 car amod 8 car car NOUN Number=Sing 2 leave obl 9 ; ; PUNCT _ 12 suffocate punct 10 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 suffocate nsubj 11 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 12 suffocate aux 12 suffocate suffocate VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 leave conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 leave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not leave imperative you not said here a dog a hot car vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent dog=Theme in car=Location 2 suffocate could dog vn suffocate-40.7 «NP.theme V»: agent=Patient
Example 4 The heat in the tent was suffocating.
det nsubj case det nmod aux punct root The DET heat NOUN in ADP the DET tent NOUN was AUX suffocating VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 heat det 2 heat heat NOUN Number=Sing 7 suffocating nsubj 3 in in ADP _ 5 tent case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 tent det 5 tent tent NOUN Number=Sing 2 heat nmod 6 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 suffocating aux 7 suffocating suffocate VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 suffocating punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suffocate past · progressive the heat in the tent vn suffocate-40.7 «NP.theme V»: agent=Patient
Example 5 Weeds can suffocate the young plants.
nsubj aux det amod obj punct root Weeds NOUN can AUX suffocate VERB the DET young ADJ plants NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Weeds weed NOUN Number=Plur 3 suffocate nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 suffocate aux 3 suffocate suffocate VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 plants det 5 young young ADJ Degree=Pos 6 plants amod 6 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 3 suffocate obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 suffocate punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suffocate can Weeds the young plants vn suffocate-40.7 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent plant=Patient
Example 6 Keep pillows and soft toys out of a baby's cot so it can't suffocate.
The tree, 16 words obj cc amod conj case case det nmod:poss case obl advmod nsubj aux advmod advcl punct root Keep VERB pillows NOUN and CCONJ soft ADJ toys NOUN out ADP of ADP a DET baby NOUN 's PART cot NOUN so ADV it PRON ca AUX n't PART suffocate VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Keep keep VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 pillows pillow NOUN Number=Plur 1 Keep obj 3 and and CCONJ _ 5 toys cc 4 soft soft ADJ Degree=Pos 5 toys amod 5 toys toy NOUN Number=Plur 2 pillows conj 6 out out ADP _ 11 cot case 7 of of ADP _ 11 cot case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 baby det 9 baby baby NOUN Number=Sing 11 cot nmod:poss 10 's 's PART _ 9 baby case 11 cot cot NOUN Number=Sing 1 Keep obl 12 so so ADV _ 16 suffocate advmod 13 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 suffocate nsubj 14 ca can AUX VerbForm=Fin 16 suffocate aux 15 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 16 suffocate advmod 16 suffocate suffocate VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Keep advcl 17 . . PUNCT _ 1 Keep punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep imperative you not said here pillows and soft toys a baby's cot vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent pillow=Theme out cot=Location 2 not suffocate can cot vn suffocate-40.7 «NP.theme V»: agent=Patient
Example 7 He felt suffocated in the crowded room.
nsubj xcomp case det amod obl punct root He PRON felt VERB suffocated VERB in ADP the DET crowded ADJ room NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 felt nsubj 2 felt feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 suffocated suffocate VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 felt xcomp 4 in in ADP _ 7 room case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 room det 6 crowded crowded ADJ Degree=Pos 7 room amod 7 room room NOUN Number=Sing 3 suffocated obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 felt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel past He vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 suffocate participle He not said here the crowded room vn suffocate-40.7 «NP.theme V»: agent=Patient
Example 8 Their feet, however, became so smeared with the honey that they could not use their wings, nor release themselves, and were suffocated.
The tree, 22 words nmod:poss nsubj punct advmod punct advmod xcomp case det obl mark nsubj aux advmod advcl nmod:poss obj punct cc conj obj punct cc aux:pass conj punct root Their PRON feet NOUN , PUNCT however ADV , PUNCT became VERB so ADV smeared VERB with ADP the DET honey NOUN that SCONJ they PRON could AUX not PART use VERB their PRON wings NOUN , PUNCT nor CCONJ release VERB themselves PRON , PUNCT and CCONJ were AUX suffocated VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 feet nmod:poss 2 feet foot NOUN Number=Plur 6 became nsubj 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 feet punct 4 however however ADV _ 6 became advmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 however punct 6 became become VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 so so ADV _ 8 smeared advmod 8 smeared smear VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 became xcomp 9 with with ADP _ 11 honey case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 honey det 11 honey honey NOUN Number=Sing 8 smeared obl 12 that that SCONJ _ 16 use mark 13 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 use nsubj 14 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 16 use aux 15 not not PART Polarity=Neg 16 use advmod 16 use use VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 smeared advcl 17 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 18 wings nmod:poss 18 wings wing NOUN Number=Plur 16 use obj 19 , , PUNCT _ 21 release punct 20 nor nor CCONJ Polarity=Neg 21 release cc 21 release release VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 became conj 22 themselves themselves PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 21 release obj 23 , , PUNCT _ 26 suffocated punct 24 and and CCONJ _ 26 suffocated cc 25 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 26 suffocated aux:pass 26 suffocated suffocate VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 became conj 27 . . PUNCT _ 6 became punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 become past Their feet however property tree rules 2 smear participle Their feet not said here with the honey vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent with honey=Theme 3 not use could feet = foot feet's wings vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wing=Patient 4 release present Their feet not said here wings = wing vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Causer themselves=Source 5 suffocate past · passive Their feet not said here vn suffocate-40.7 «NP.theme V»
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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