sum Who acts: sum, you, your, She, We, plan · What happens: be, get, add, do, sum, sum up · To what, where: answer, numbers, 7, maths problem, sums, amount · Speech: someone speaks here
«sum» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: sum in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 The sum is the answer you get when you add numbers together: the sum of 3 and 4 is 7.
The tree, 20 words det nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl mark nsubj advcl obj advmod punct det nsubj case nmod cc conj cop parataxis punct root The DET sum NOUN is AUX the DET answer NOUN you PRON get VERB when SCONJ you PRON add VERB numbers NOUN together ADV : PUNCT the DET sum NOUN of ADP 3 NUM and CCONJ 4 NUM is AUX 7 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 sum det 2 sum sum NOUN Number=Sing 5 answer nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 answer cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 answer det 5 answer answer NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 get nsubj 7 get get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 answer acl:relcl 8 when when SCONJ _ 10 add mark 9 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 add nsubj 10 add add VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 get advcl 11 numbers number NOUN Number=Plur 10 add obj 12 together together ADV _ 10 add advmod 13 : : PUNCT _ 15 sum punct 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 sum det 15 sum sum NOUN Number=Sing 21 7 nsubj 16 of of ADP _ 17 3 case 17 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 15 sum nmod 18 and and CCONJ _ 19 4 cc 19 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 17 3 conj 20 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 21 7 cop 21 7 7 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 answer parataxis 22 . . PUNCT _ 5 answer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the sum the answer tree rules 2 get present you the answer not said here vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer answer=Stimulus 3 add speech: assert present you numbers together property vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Patient 4 is a present the sum of 3 7 tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A sum (UK) is a maths problem: do your sums.
det nsubj punct appos punct cop det compound punct parataxis nmod:poss obj punct root A DET sum NOUN ( PUNCT UK PROPN ) PUNCT is AUX a DET maths NOUN problem NOUN : PUNCT do VERB your PRON sums NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 sum det 2 sum sum NOUN Number=Sing 9 problem nsubj 3 ( ( PUNCT _ 4 UK punct 4 UK UK PROPN Number=Sing 2 sum appos 5 ) ) PUNCT _ 4 UK punct 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 problem cop 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 problem det 8 maths maths NOUN Number=Sing 9 problem compound 9 problem problem NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 : : PUNCT _ 11 do punct 11 do do VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 9 problem parataxis 12 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 sums nmod:poss 13 sums sum NOUN Number=Plur 11 do obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 9 problem punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a sum a maths problem tree rules 2 do infinitive your sums vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sum=Eventuality 3 sum your nom sum «possession transitive»: poss=agent
Meaning 3 A sum of money is an amount of money.
det nsubj case nmod cop det case nmod punct root A DET sum NOUN of ADP money NOUN is AUX an DET amount NOUN of ADP money NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 sum det 2 sum sum NOUN Number=Sing 7 amount nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 money case 4 money money NOUN Number=Sing 2 sum nmod 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 amount cop 6 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 amount det 7 amount amount NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 of of ADP _ 9 money case 9 money money NOUN Number=Sing 7 amount nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 amount punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a sum of money a amount of money tree rules 2 sum money nom sum «possession transitive»: of=patient
Meaning 4 To sum up is to say the main points briefly.
mark advcl compound:prt cop mark det amod obj advmod punct root To PART sum VERB up ADP is AUX to PART say VERB the DET main ADJ points NOUN briefly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 sum mark 2 sum sum VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 say advcl 3 up up ADP _ 2 sum compound:prt 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 say cop 5 to to PART _ 6 say mark 6 say say VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 points det 8 main main ADJ Degree=Pos 9 points amod 9 points point NOUN Number=Plur 6 say obj 10 briefly briefly ADV _ 6 say advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 say punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sum up to-infinitive vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is present briefly, say property tree rules
Example 1 What is the sum of 7 and 8?
nsubj cop det case nmod cc conj punct root What PRON is AUX the DET sum NOUN of ADP 7 NUM and CCONJ 8 NUM ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 4 sum nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 sum cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 sum det 4 sum sum NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 7 case 6 7 7 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 sum nmod 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 8 cc 8 8 8 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 7 conj 9 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 sum punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the sum of 7 tree rules
Example 2 The sum of two numbers is 20.
det nsubj case nummod nmod cop punct root The DET sum NOUN of ADP two NUM numbers NOUN is AUX 20 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 sum det 2 sum sum NOUN Number=Sing 7 20 nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 numbers case 4 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 numbers nummod 5 numbers number NOUN Number=Plur 2 sum nmod 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 20 cop 7 20 20 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 20 punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the sum of two numbers 20 tree rules 2 sum two numbers nom sum «possession transitive»: of=patient
Example 3 She saved a sum of 50 dollars.
nsubj det obj case nummod nmod punct root She PRON saved VERB a DET sum NOUN of ADP 50 NUM dollars NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 saved nsubj 2 saved save VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 sum det 4 sum sum NOUN Number=Sing 2 saved obj 5 of of ADP _ 7 dollars case 6 50 50 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 dollars nummod 7 dollars dollar NOUN Number=Plur 4 sum nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 saved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 save past She a sum of 50 dollars vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sum=Theme 2 sum 50 dollars nom sum «possession transitive»: of=patient
Example 4 Find the sum of all the apples.
det obj case det:predet det nmod punct root Find VERB the DET sum NOUN of ADP all DET the DET apples NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Find find VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 sum det 3 sum sum NOUN Number=Sing 1 Find obj 4 of of ADP _ 7 apples case 5 all all DET PronType=Tot 7 apples det:predet 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 apples det 7 apples apple NOUN Number=Plur 3 sum nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Find punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 find imperative you not said here the sum of all apples vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sum=Topic 2 sum all apples nom sum «possession transitive»: of=patient
Example 5 We did ten sums in class today.
nsubj nummod obj case nmod obl:unmarked punct root We PRON did VERB ten NUM sums NOUN in ADP class NOUN today NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 did nsubj 2 did do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 ten ten NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 4 sums nummod 4 sums sum NOUN Number=Plur 2 did obj 5 in in ADP _ 6 class case 6 class class NOUN Number=Sing 4 sums nmod 7 today today NOUN Number=Sing 2 did obl:unmarked 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 did punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do past We ten sums class today vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sum=Eventuality
Example 6 The sum of the angles in a triangle is 180 degrees.
det nsubj case det nmod case det nmod cop nummod punct root The DET sum NOUN of ADP the DET angles NOUN in ADP a DET triangle NOUN is AUX 180 NUM degrees NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 sum det 2 sum sum NOUN Number=Sing 11 degrees nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 angles case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 angles det 5 angles angle NOUN Number=Plur 2 sum nmod 6 in in ADP _ 8 triangle case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 triangle det 8 triangle triangle NOUN Number=Sing 5 angles nmod 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 degrees cop 10 180 180 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 11 degrees nummod 11 degrees degree NOUN Number=Plur root root 12 . . PUNCT _ 11 degrees punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the sum of the angles in a triangle 180 degrees tree rules 2 sum the angles in a triangle nom sum «possession transitive»: of=patient
Example 7 To sum up, the plan worked well.
mark advcl compound:prt punct det nsubj advmod punct root To PART sum VERB up ADP , PUNCT the DET plan NOUN worked VERB well ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 sum mark 2 sum sum VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 worked advcl 3 up up ADP _ 2 sum compound:prt 4 , , PUNCT _ 2 sum punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 plan det 6 plan plan NOUN Number=Sing 7 worked nsubj 7 worked work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 well well ADV Degree=Pos 7 worked advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 7 worked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sum up to-infinitive the plan not said here vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 work past the plan well property vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 8 Add the column to find the sum.
det obj mark advcl det obj punct root Add VERB the DET column NOUN to PART find VERB the DET sum NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Add add VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 column det 3 column column NOUN Number=Sing 1 Add obj 4 to to PART _ 5 find mark 5 find find VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Add advcl 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 sum det 7 sum sum NOUN Number=Sing 5 find obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Add punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 add speech: assert imperative you not said here the column vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent column=Patient 2 find to-infinitive you not said here the sum vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sum=Topic
Example 9 "Ah," said Nigel, "can you do sums?"
punct discourse punct punct nsubj punct punct aux nsubj ccomp obj punct punct root " PUNCT Ah INTJ , PUNCT " PUNCT said VERB Nigel PROPN , PUNCT " PUNCT can AUX you PRON do VERB sums NOUN ? PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 5 said punct 2 Ah ah INTJ _ 5 said discourse 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 Ah punct 4 " " PUNCT _ 2 Ah punct 5 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 Nigel Nigel PROPN Number=Sing 5 said nsubj 7 , , PUNCT _ 11 do punct 8 " " PUNCT _ 11 do punct 9 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 11 do aux 10 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 11 do nsubj 11 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 said ccomp 12 sums sum NOUN Number=Plur 11 do obj 13 ? ? PUNCT _ 11 do punct 14 " " PUNCT _ 11 do punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: ask past Nigel vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 do in a quote can you sums vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sum=Eventuality
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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