superstition Who acts: superstition, action, It, black cats, people, breaking · What happens: be, bring, believe, think, break, give · To what, where: belief, good luck, real reason, such things, superstition, mirror · Speech: someone speaks here
«superstition» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: superstition in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A superstition is a belief that some action or object brings good or bad luck, even though there is no real reason or proof for it.
The tree, 26 words det nsubj cop det mark det nsubj cc conj acl amod cc conj obj punct advmod mark expl cop det amod conj cc conj case nmod punct root A DET superstition NOUN is AUX a DET belief NOUN that SCONJ some DET action NOUN or CCONJ object NOUN brings VERB good ADJ or CCONJ bad ADJ luck NOUN , PUNCT even ADV though SCONJ there PRON is AUX no DET real ADJ reason NOUN or CCONJ proof NOUN for ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 superstition det 2 superstition superstition NOUN Number=Sing 5 belief nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 belief cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 belief det 5 belief belief NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 that that SCONJ _ 11 brings mark 7 some some DET PronType=Ind 8 action det 8 action action NOUN Number=Sing 11 brings nsubj 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 object cc 10 object object NOUN Number=Sing 8 action conj 11 brings bring VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 belief acl 12 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 15 luck amod 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 bad cc 14 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 12 good conj 15 luck luck NOUN Number=Sing 11 brings obj 16 , , PUNCT _ 23 reason punct 17 even even ADV _ 23 reason advmod 18 though though SCONJ _ 20 is mark 19 there there PRON PronType=Dem 20 is expl 20 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 23 reason cop 21 no no DET PronType=Neg 23 reason det 22 real real ADJ Degree=Pos 23 reason amod 23 reason reason NOUN Number=Sing 11 brings conj 24 or or CCONJ _ 25 proof cc 25 proof proof NOUN Number=Sing 23 reason conj 26 for for ADP _ 27 it case 27 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 23 reason nmod 28 . . PUNCT _ 5 belief punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a superstition a belief tree rules 2 bring present some action or object good luck vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent luck=Theme 3 is a present some action or object not said here no real reason or proof for superstition tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Superstition is believing in such things.
nsubj aux case amod obl punct root Superstition NOUN is AUX believing VERB in ADP such ADJ things NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Superstition superstition NOUN Number=Sing 3 believing nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 believing aux 3 believing believe VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 things case 5 such such ADJ Degree=Pos 6 things amod 6 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 3 believing obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 believing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 believe present · progressive Superstition such things vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer
Example 1 It's a superstition that black cats bring bad luck.
nsubj cop det obj amod nsubj acl:relcl amod obj punct root It PRON 's AUX a DET superstition NOUN that PRON black ADJ cats NOUN bring VERB bad ADJ luck NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 superstition nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 superstition cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 superstition det 4 superstition superstition NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 bring obj 6 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 7 cats amod 7 cats cat NOUN Number=Plur 8 bring nsubj 8 bring bring VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 superstition acl:relcl 9 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 10 luck amod 10 luck luck NOUN Number=Sing 8 bring obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 superstition punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present It a superstition tree rules 2 bring present black cats a superstition vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent that=Destination luck=Theme
Example 2 Some people think breaking a mirror gives seven years of bad luck — that's a superstition.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj csubj det obj ccomp nummod obj case amod nmod punct nsubj cop det parataxis punct root Some DET people NOUN think VERB breaking VERB a DET mirror NOUN gives VERB seven NUM years NOUN of ADP bad ADJ luck NOUN — PUNCT that PRON 's AUX a DET superstition NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 people det 2 people people NOUN Number=Plur 3 think nsubj 3 think think VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 breaking break VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 gives csubj 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 mirror det 6 mirror mirror NOUN Number=Sing 4 breaking obj 7 gives give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 think ccomp 8 seven seven NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 9 years nummod 9 years year NOUN Number=Plur 7 gives obj 10 of of ADP _ 12 luck case 11 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 12 luck amod 12 luck luck NOUN Number=Sing 9 years nmod 13 — - PUNCT _ 17 superstition punct 14 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 17 superstition nsubj 15 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 superstition cop 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 superstition det 17 superstition superstition NOUN Number=Sing 7 gives parataxis 18 . . PUNCT _ 3 think punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 think speech: other present some people vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 break gerund a mirror vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer mirror=Patient 3 give present breaking year vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient 4 is a present that a superstition tree rules
Example 3 My grandma has lots of old superstitions.
nmod:poss nsubj obj case amod nmod punct root My PRON grandma NOUN has VERB lots NOUN of ADP old ADJ superstitions NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 grandma nmod:poss 2 grandma grandma NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 lots lot NOUN Number=Plur 3 has obj 5 of of ADP _ 7 superstitions case 6 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 7 superstitions amod 7 superstitions superstition NOUN Number=Plur 4 lots nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present My grandma lots of old superstitions vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Patient
Example 4 Footballers often have superstitions, like wearing lucky socks.
nsubj advmod obj punct mark advcl amod obj punct root Footballers NOUN often ADV have VERB superstitions NOUN , PUNCT like SCONJ wearing VERB lucky ADJ socks NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Footballers footballer NOUN Number=Plur 3 have nsubj 2 often often ADV _ 3 have advmod 3 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 superstitions superstition NOUN Number=Plur 3 have obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 7 wearing punct 6 like like SCONJ _ 7 wearing mark 7 wearing wear VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 have advcl 8 lucky lucky ADJ Degree=Pos 9 socks amod 9 socks sock NOUN Number=Plur 7 wearing obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Footballers superstitions often property vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent superstition=Patient 2 wear gerund Footballers not said here lucky socks vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent sock=Theme
Example 5 Science tests ideas; superstition doesn't.
compound compound punct nsubj acl:relcl advmod punct root Science NOUN tests NOUN ideas NOUN ; PUNCT superstition NOUN does VERB n't PART . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Science science NOUN Number=Sing 2 tests compound 2 tests test NOUN Number=Plur 3 ideas compound 3 ideas idea NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 ; ; PUNCT _ 6 does punct 5 superstition superstition NOUN Number=Sing 6 does nsubj 6 does do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 ideas acl:relcl 7 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 6 does advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 ideas punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not do present superstition tests ideas not said here vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent idea=Eventuality
Example 6 Is it true or just a superstition?
cop nsubj cc advmod det conj punct root Is AUX it PRON true ADJ or CCONJ just ADV a DET superstition NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 true cop 2 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 true nsubj 3 true true ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 or or CCONJ _ 7 superstition cc 5 just just ADV _ 7 superstition advmod 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 superstition det 7 superstition superstition NOUN Number=Sing 3 true conj 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 true punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present it true property tree rules
Example 7 Many hotels have no room 13 because of superstition.
amod nsubj det obj flat case fixed obl punct root Many ADJ hotels NOUN have VERB no DET room NOUN 13 NUM because ADP of ADP superstition NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Many many ADJ Degree=Pos 2 hotels amod 2 hotels hotel NOUN Number=Plur 3 have nsubj 3 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 no no DET PronType=Neg 5 room det 5 room room NOUN Number=Sing 3 have obj 6 13 13 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 room flat 7 because because ADP ExtPos=ADP 9 superstition case 8 of of ADP _ 7 because fixed 9 superstition superstition NOUN Number=Sing 3 have obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Many hotels no room because superstition vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent room=Patient
Example 8 Superstition made her alternately shudder with cold or burn with the heat of fever.
The tree, 14 words nsubj obj advmod obl case nmod cc conj case det obl case nmod punct root Superstition NOUN made VERB her PRON alternately ADV shudder NOUN with ADP cold ADJ or CCONJ burn VERB with ADP the DET heat NOUN of ADP fever NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Superstition superstition NOUN Number=Sing 2 made nsubj 2 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 made obj 4 alternately alternately ADV _ 5 shudder advmod 5 shudder shudder NOUN Number=Sing 2 made obl 6 with with ADP _ 7 cold case 7 cold cold ADJ Degree=Pos 5 shudder nmod 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 burn cc 9 burn burn VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 made conj 10 with with ADP _ 12 heat case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 heat det 12 heat heat NOUN Number=Sing 9 burn obl 13 of of ADP _ 14 fever case 14 fever fever NOUN Number=Sing 12 heat nmod 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past Superstition her = she shudder with cold obl vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset she=Product 2 burn infinitive Superstition not said here with the heat of fever vn light_emission-43.1 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with heat=Theme 3 heat fever nom heat «phenomenon intransitive»: of=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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