surely Who acts: you, something, it, he, bag, statement · What happens: mean, use, think, be, not be, know · To what, where: that, many, 10 coins, 5 more apples, rain, race · Speech: someone speaks here
«surely» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: surely in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Surely means for certain, with no doubt.
advmod case obl punct case det obl punct root Surely ADV means VERB for ADP certain ADJ , PUNCT with ADP no DET doubt NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Surely surely ADV _ 2 means advmod 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 for for ADP _ 4 certain case 4 certain certain ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 8 doubt punct 6 with with ADP _ 8 doubt case 7 no no DET PronType=Neg 8 doubt det 8 doubt doubt NOUN Number=Sing 2 means obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present for certain; with no doubt; surely property vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot for certain=Attribute
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Surely is often used when you think something must be true and are surprised it might not be: surely you know that!
The tree, 22 words advmod aux:pass advmod advmod nsubj conj nsubj aux cop ccomp cc cop conj nsubj aux advmod ccomp punct advmod nsubj conj obj punct root Surely ADV is AUX often ADV used VERB when ADV you PRON think VERB something PRON must AUX be AUX true ADJ and CCONJ are AUX surprised ADJ it PRON might AUX not PART be VERB : PUNCT surely ADV you PRON know VERB that PRON ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Surely surely ADV _ 4 used advmod 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 used aux:pass 3 often often ADV _ 4 used advmod 4 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 when when ADV PronType=Int 7 think advmod 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 think nsubj 7 think think VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 used conj 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 11 true nsubj 9 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 11 true aux 10 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 11 true cop 11 true true ADJ Degree=Pos 7 think ccomp 12 and and CCONJ _ 14 surprised cc 13 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 surprised cop 14 surprised surprised ADJ Degree=Pos 11 true conj 15 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 18 be nsubj 16 might might AUX VerbForm=Fin 18 be aux 17 not not PART Polarity=Neg 18 be advmod 18 be be VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 think ccomp 19 : : PUNCT _ 22 know punct 20 surely surely ADV _ 22 know advmod 21 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 22 know nsubj 22 know know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 used conj 23 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 22 know obj 24 ! ! PUNCT _ 4 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use present · passive often, surely property vn eat-39.1 «NP V» 2 think speech: other present you vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 3 is must something true property tree rules 4 is present something not said here surprised property tree rules 5 not be might it vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 6 know present you that surely property vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus
Meaning 3 Slowly but surely means slowly but steadily.
nsubj cc conj advmod cc conj punct root Slowly ADV but CCONJ surely ADV means VERB slowly ADV but CCONJ steadily ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Slowly slowly ADV _ 4 means nsubj 2 but but CCONJ _ 3 surely cc 3 surely surely ADV _ 1 Slowly conj 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 slowly slowly ADV _ 4 means advmod 6 but but CCONJ _ 7 steadily cc 7 steadily steadily ADV _ 5 slowly conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present slowly property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Example 1 How many must you pick to surely get 2 blue?
advmod obj aux nsubj mark advmod advcl nummod xcomp punct root How ADV many ADJ must AUX you PRON pick VERB to PART surely ADV get VERB 2 NUM blue ADJ ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 many advmod 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 5 pick obj 3 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 pick aux 4 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 pick nsubj 5 pick pick VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 to to PART _ 8 get mark 7 surely surely ADV _ 8 get advmod 8 get get VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 pick advcl 9 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 10 blue nummod 10 blue blue ADJ Degree=Pos 8 get xcomp 11 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 pick punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pick must you many vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent many=Patient 2 get to-infinitive you not said here blue, surely property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
Example 2 Surely he has more than 10 coins.
advmod nsubj advmod fixed nummod obj punct root Surely ADV he PRON has VERB more ADJ than ADP 10 NUM coins NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Surely surely ADV _ 3 has advmod 2 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV 6 10 advmod 5 than than ADP _ 4 more fixed 6 10 10 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 coins nummod 7 coins coin NOUN Number=Plur 3 has obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present he 10 coins surely property vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coin=Patient
Example 3 The bag will surely hold 5 more apples.
det nsubj aux advmod nummod amod obj punct root The DET bag NOUN will AUX surely ADV hold VERB 5 NUM more ADJ apples NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 bag det 2 bag bag NOUN Number=Sing 5 hold nsubj 3 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 hold aux 4 surely surely ADV _ 5 hold advmod 5 hold hold VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 apples nummod 7 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 8 apples amod 8 apples apple NOUN Number=Plur 5 hold obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 hold punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold future the bag 5 more apples surely property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent apple=Theme
Example 4 Which statement is surely true?
det nsubj cop advmod punct root Which DET statement NOUN is AUX surely ADV true ADJ ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Which which DET PronType=Int 2 statement det 2 statement statement NOUN Number=Sing 5 true nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 true cop 4 surely surely ADV _ 5 true advmod 5 true true ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 true punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present which statement surely, true property tree rules
Example 5 Surely you don't want to go out in this rain!
advmod nsubj aux advmod mark xcomp advmod case det obl punct root Surely ADV you PRON do AUX n't PART want VERB to PART go VERB out ADV in ADP this DET rain NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Surely surely ADV _ 5 want advmod 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 want nsubj 3 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 want aux 4 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 5 want advmod 5 want want VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 to to PART _ 7 go mark 7 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 want xcomp 8 out out ADV _ 7 go advmod 9 in in ADP _ 11 rain case 10 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 11 rain det 11 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 7 go obl 12 ! ! PUNCT _ 5 want punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not want present · do-support you surely property vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 2 go out not said to happen to-infinitive you not said here this rain out property vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 6 Slowly but surely, the tortoise won the race.
advmod cc conj punct det nsubj det obj punct root Slowly ADV but CCONJ surely ADV , PUNCT the DET tortoise NOUN won VERB the DET race NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Slowly slowly ADV _ 7 won advmod 2 but but CCONJ _ 3 surely cc 3 surely surely ADV _ 1 Slowly conj 4 , , PUNCT _ 1 Slowly punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 tortoise det 6 tortoise tortoise NOUN Number=Sing 7 won nsubj 7 won win VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 race det 9 race race NOUN Number=Sing 7 won obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 won punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 win past the tortoise the race slowly property vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent race=Eventuality
Example 7 If we leave now, we will surely be on time.
mark nsubj advcl advmod punct nsubj aux advmod cop case punct root If SCONJ we PRON leave VERB now ADV , PUNCT we PRON will AUX surely ADV be AUX on ADP time NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 3 leave mark 2 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 leave nsubj 3 leave leave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 time advcl 4 now now ADV PronType=Dem 3 leave advmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 3 leave punct 6 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 11 time nsubj 7 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 11 time aux 8 surely surely ADV _ 11 time advmod 9 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 11 time cop 10 on on ADP _ 11 time case 11 time time NOUN Number=Sing root root 12 . . PUNCT _ 11 time punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave a condition, not said to happen present we now vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is future we on time surely property tree rules
Example 8 Surely not! Did he really eat ten pancakes?
Sentence 1: Surely not!
advmod punct root Surely ADV not PART ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Surely surely ADV _ root root 2 not not PART Polarity=Neg 1 Surely advmod 3 ! ! PUNCT _ 1 Surely punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Sentence 2: Did he really eat ten pancakes?
nsubj advmod parataxis nummod obj punct root Did VERB he PRON really ADV eat VERB ten NUM pancakes NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Did do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 2 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 eat nsubj 3 really really ADV _ 4 eat advmod 4 eat eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Did parataxis 5 ten ten NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 pancakes nummod 6 pancakes pancake NOUN Number=Plur 4 eat obj 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 1 Did punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do past vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 eat present he ten pancakes vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pancake=Patient
Example 9 Surely they will not overlook you."
advmod nsubj aux advmod obj punct punct root Surely ADV they PRON will AUX not PART overlook VERB you PRON . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Surely surely ADV _ 5 overlook advmod 2 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 overlook nsubj 3 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 overlook aux 4 not not PART Polarity=Neg 5 overlook advmod 5 overlook overlook VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 overlook obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 5 overlook punct 8 " " PUNCT _ 5 overlook punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not overlook future they you surely property vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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