swiftlet Who acts: swift family, small bird, Swiftlets, swiftlet, cave · What happens: live, nest, find, click, build, make · To what, where: tropical Asia, caves, way, dark, walls, nests
«swiftlet» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: swiftlet in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A small bird of the swift family living in tropical Asia and Australia, many of which nest in caves and find their way in the dark with clicking sounds (echolocation).
The tree, 30 words det amod nsubj case det compound nmod acl case amod obl cc conj punct nsubj case nmod case obl cc conj nmod:poss obj case det obl case compound nmod punct conj punct punct root A DET small ADJ bird NOUN of ADP the DET swift NOUN family NOUN living VERB in ADP tropical ADJ Asia PROPN and CCONJ Australia PROPN , PUNCT many ADJ of ADP which PRON nest VERB in ADP caves NOUN and CCONJ find VERB their PRON way NOUN in ADP the DET dark NOUN with ADP clicking NOUN sounds NOUN ( PUNCT echolocation NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 bird det 2 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 3 bird amod 3 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 18 nest nsubj 4 of of ADP _ 7 family case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 family det 6 swift swift NOUN Number=Sing 7 family compound 7 family family NOUN Number=Sing 3 bird nmod 8 living live VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 family acl 9 in in ADP _ 11 Asia case 10 tropical tropical ADJ Degree=Pos 11 Asia amod 11 Asia Asia PROPN Number=Sing 8 living obl 12 and and CCONJ _ 13 Australia cc 13 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 11 Asia conj 14 , , PUNCT _ 18 nest punct 15 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 18 nest nsubj 16 of of ADP _ 17 which case 17 which which PRON PronType=Rel 15 many nmod 18 nest nest VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 19 in in ADP _ 20 caves case 20 caves cave NOUN Number=Plur 18 nest obl 21 and and CCONJ _ 22 find cc 22 find find VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 nest conj 23 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 24 way nmod:poss 24 way way NOUN Number=Sing 22 find obj 25 in in ADP _ 27 dark case 26 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 27 dark det 27 dark dark NOUN Number=Sing 22 find obl 28 with with ADP _ 30 sounds case 29 clicking clicking NOUN Number=Sing 30 sounds compound 30 sounds sound NOUN Number=Plur 27 dark nmod 31 ( ( PUNCT _ 32 echolocation punct 32 echolocation echolocation NOUN Number=Sing 30 sounds conj 33 ) ) PUNCT _ 32 echolocation punct 34 . . PUNCT _ 18 nest punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live gerund the swift family not said here tropical Asia and Australia vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in asia=Location 2 nest present a small bird of the swift family caves vn berry-13.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 find present a small bird of the swift family not said here caves's way the dark with clicking sounds and echolocation vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 Swiftlets nest high on the walls of dark caves.
nsubj advmod case det obl case amod nmod punct root Swiftlets NOUN nest VERB high ADV on ADP the DET walls NOUN of ADP dark ADJ caves NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Swiftlets swiftlet NOUN Number=Plur 2 nest nsubj 2 nest nest VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 high high ADV Degree=Pos 2 nest advmod 4 on on ADP _ 6 walls case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 walls det 6 walls wall NOUN Number=Plur 2 nest obl 7 of of ADP _ 9 caves case 8 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 9 caves amod 9 caves cave NOUN Number=Plur 6 walls nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 nest punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 nest present Swiftlets the walls of dark caves high property vn berry-13.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 A swiftlet clicks to find its way in the dark.
det nsubj mark xcomp nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root A DET swiftlet NOUN clicks VERB to PART find VERB its PRON way NOUN in ADP the DET dark NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 swiftlet det 2 swiftlet swiftlet NOUN Number=Sing 3 clicks nsubj 3 clicks click VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 find mark 5 find find VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 clicks xcomp 6 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 way nmod:poss 7 way way NOUN Number=Sing 5 find obj 8 in in ADP _ 10 dark case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 dark det 10 dark dark NOUN Number=Sing 5 find obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 clicks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 click present a swiftlet tree rules 2 find to-infinitive a swiftlet not said here swiftlet's way the dark vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic
Example 3 Some swiftlets build nests from their own spit.
det nsubj obj case nmod:poss amod obl punct root Some DET swiftlets NOUN build VERB nests NOUN from ADP their PRON own ADJ spit NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 swiftlets det 2 swiftlets swiftlet NOUN Number=Plur 3 build nsubj 3 build build VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 nests nest NOUN Number=Plur 3 build obj 5 from from ADP _ 8 spit case 6 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 spit nmod:poss 7 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 8 spit amod 8 spit spit NOUN Number=Sing 3 build obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 build punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 build present some swiftlets nests swiftlets's own spit vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset nest=Product from spit=Material
Example 4 Bird's nest soup is made from swiftlet nests.
nmod:poss case compound nsubj:pass aux:pass case compound obl punct root Bird NOUN 's PART nest NOUN soup NOUN is AUX made VERB from ADP swiftlet NOUN nests NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 4 soup nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Bird case 3 nest nest NOUN Number=Sing 4 soup compound 4 soup soup NOUN Number=Sing 6 made nsubj:pass 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 made aux:pass 6 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 from from ADP _ 9 nests case 8 swiftlet swiftlet NOUN Number=Sing 9 nests compound 9 nests nest NOUN Number=Plur 6 made obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present · passive Bird's nest soup swiftlet nests vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from nest=Material
Example 5 Swiftlets catch insects while flying.
nsubj obj mark advcl punct root Swiftlets NOUN catch VERB insects NOUN while SCONJ flying VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Swiftlets swiftlet NOUN Number=Plur 2 catch nsubj 2 catch catch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 insects insect NOUN Number=Plur 2 catch obj 4 while while SCONJ _ 5 flying mark 5 flying fly VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 catch advcl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 catch punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 catch present Swiftlets insects vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent insect=Theme 2 fly gerund Swiftlets not said here vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 The cave was full of the sound of swiftlets.
det nsubj cop case det obl case nmod punct root The DET cave NOUN was AUX full ADJ of ADP the DET sound NOUN of ADP swiftlets NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cave det 2 cave cave NOUN Number=Sing 4 full nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 full cop 4 full full ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 of of ADP _ 7 sound case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 sound det 7 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 4 full obl 8 of of ADP _ 9 swiftlets case 9 swiftlets swiftlet NOUN Number=Plur 7 sound nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 full punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the cave of the sound of swiftlets; full property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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