sword Who acts: sword, knight, Excalibur, Roman soldiers, We, pirate · What happens: be, use, fight, draw, carry, have · To what, where: weapon, sword, magic sword, short swords, sword fight, long pointed nose
«sword» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: sword in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A sword is a weapon with a long, sharp metal blade and a handle (a hilt), used long ago for fighting.
The tree, 21 words det nsubj cop det case det amod punct amod compound nmod cc det conj punct det appos punct punct parataxis advmod advmod mark advcl punct root A DET sword NOUN is AUX a DET weapon NOUN with ADP a DET long ADJ , PUNCT sharp ADJ metal NOUN blade NOUN and CCONJ a DET handle NOUN ( PUNCT a DET hilt NOUN ) PUNCT , PUNCT used VERB long ADV ago ADV for SCONJ fighting VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 sword det 2 sword sword NOUN Number=Sing 5 weapon nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 weapon cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 weapon det 5 weapon weapon NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 with with ADP _ 12 blade case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 blade det 8 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 12 blade amod 9 , , PUNCT _ 8 long punct 10 sharp sharp ADJ Degree=Pos 12 blade amod 11 metal metal NOUN Number=Sing 12 blade compound 12 blade blade NOUN Number=Sing 5 weapon nmod 13 and and CCONJ _ 15 handle cc 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 handle det 15 handle handle NOUN Number=Sing 12 blade conj 16 ( ( PUNCT _ 18 hilt punct 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 hilt det 18 hilt hilt NOUN Number=Sing 15 handle appos 19 ) ) PUNCT _ 18 hilt punct 20 , , PUNCT _ 21 used punct 21 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 weapon parataxis 22 long long ADV Degree=Pos 23 ago advmod 23 ago ago ADV _ 21 used advmod 24 for for SCONJ _ 25 fighting mark 25 fighting fight VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 21 used advcl 26 . . PUNCT _ 5 weapon punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a sword a weapon with a long sharp metal blade and a handle tree rules 2 use participle ago property vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 fight gerund vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 The knight drew his sword.
det nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root The DET knight NOUN drew VERB his PRON sword NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 knight det 2 knight knight NOUN Number=Sing 3 drew nsubj 3 drew draw VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 sword nmod:poss 5 sword sword NOUN Number=Sing 3 drew obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 drew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 draw past the knight knight's sword vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sword=Theme
Example 2 Excalibur was King Arthur's magic sword.
nsubj cop compound nmod:poss case amod punct root Excalibur PROPN was AUX King PROPN Arthur PROPN 's PART magic ADJ sword NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Excalibur Excalibur PROPN Number=Sing 7 sword nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 sword cop 3 King King PROPN Number=Sing 4 Arthur compound 4 Arthur Arthur PROPN Number=Sing 7 sword nmod:poss 5 's 's PART _ 4 Arthur case 6 magic magic ADJ Degree=Pos 7 sword amod 7 sword sword NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 sword punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past Excalibur King Arthur's magic sword tree rules
Example 3 Roman soldiers carried short swords.
amod nsubj amod obj punct root Roman ADJ soldiers NOUN carried VERB short ADJ swords NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Roman roman ADJ Degree=Pos 2 soldiers amod 2 soldiers soldier NOUN Number=Plur 3 carried nsubj 3 carried carry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 5 swords amod 5 swords sword NOUN Number=Plur 3 carried obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 carried punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carry past Roman soldiers short swords vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sword=Theme
Example 4 We had a sword fight with foam swords.
nsubj det compound obj case compound nmod punct root We PRON had VERB a DET sword NOUN fight NOUN with ADP foam NOUN swords NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 fight det 4 sword sword NOUN Number=Sing 5 fight compound 5 fight fight NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obj 6 with with ADP _ 8 swords case 7 foam foam NOUN Number=Sing 8 swords compound 8 swords sword NOUN Number=Plur 5 fight nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past We a sword fight with foam swords vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fight=Patient
Example 5 The pirate waved his sword.
det nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root The DET pirate NOUN waved VERB his PRON sword NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 pirate det 2 pirate pirate NOUN Number=Sing 3 waved nsubj 3 waved wave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 sword nmod:poss 5 sword sword NOUN Number=Sing 3 waved obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 waved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wave past the pirate pirate's sword vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sword=Patient
Example 6 A swordfish has a long pointed nose like a sword.
det nsubj det amod amod obj case det nmod punct root A DET swordfish NOUN has VERB a DET long ADJ pointed VERB nose NOUN like ADP a DET sword NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 swordfish det 2 swordfish swordfish NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 nose det 5 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 7 nose amod 6 pointed point VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 nose amod 7 nose nose NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 8 like like ADP _ 10 sword case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 sword det 10 sword sword NOUN Number=Sing 7 nose nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present a swordfish a long pointed nose like a sword vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nose=Patient 2 point participle vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 7 Real swords are sharp and dangerous, not toys.
amod nsubj cop cc conj punct advmod conj punct root Real ADJ swords NOUN are AUX sharp ADJ and CCONJ dangerous ADJ , PUNCT not PART toys NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Real real ADJ Degree=Pos 2 swords amod 2 swords sword NOUN Number=Plur 4 sharp nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 sharp cop 4 sharp sharp ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 dangerous cc 6 dangerous dangerous ADJ Degree=Pos 4 sharp conj 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 toys punct 8 not not PART Polarity=Neg 9 toys advmod 9 toys toy NOUN Number=Plur 4 sharp conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 sharp punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Real swords sharp property tree rules 2 be Real swords not said here tree rules
Example 8 Petru stopped and lowered his sword.
nsubj cc conj nmod:poss obj punct root Petru PROPN stopped VERB and CCONJ lowered VERB his PRON sword NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Petru Petru PROPN Number=Sing 2 stopped nsubj 2 stopped stop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 lowered cc 4 lowered lower VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 stopped conj 5 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 sword nmod:poss 6 sword sword NOUN Number=Sing 4 lowered obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 stopped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stop past Petru vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality 2 lower past Petru not said here Petru's sword vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sword=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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