tamil Who acts: Tamil, people, friend, word, Tamil families, Tamil script · What happens: be, speak, describe, come, celebrate, cook · To what, where: language, state, one, oldest languages, person, Tamil · Speech: someone speaks here
«tamil» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: tamil in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Tamil is a language spoken by more than 70 million people, mainly in the state of Tamil Nadu in south India and in Sri Lanka, and also in Singapore, Malaysia and by communities in the UK, Canada and elsewhere. It is one of the oldest languages still spoken, with poems over 2,000 years old.
Sentence 1: Tamil is a language spoken by more than 70 million people, mainly in the state of Tamil Nadu in south India and in Sri Lanka, and also in Singapore, Malaysia and by communities in the UK, Canada and elsewhere.
The tree, 39 words nsubj cop det acl case advmod fixed compound nummod obl:agent punct advmod case det obl case nmod flat case compound obl cc case conj flat punct cc advmod case appos punct conj cc case conj case det nmod punct conj cc conj punct root Tamil ADJ is AUX a DET language NOUN spoken VERB by ADP more ADJ than ADP 70 NUM million NUM people NOUN , PUNCT mainly ADV in ADP the DET state NOUN of ADP Tamil ADJ Nadu PROPN in ADP south ADJ India PROPN and CCONJ in ADP Sri PROPN Lanka PROPN , PUNCT and CCONJ also ADV in ADP Singapore PROPN , PUNCT Malaysia PROPN and CCONJ by ADP communities NOUN in ADP the DET UK PROPN , PUNCT Canada PROPN and CCONJ elsewhere ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tamil Tamil ADJ Degree=Pos 4 language nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 language cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 language det 4 language language NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 spoken speak VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 language acl 6 by by ADP _ 11 people case 7 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV 10 million advmod 8 than than ADP _ 7 more fixed 9 70 70 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 10 million compound 10 million million NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 11 people nummod 11 people people NOUN Number=Plur 5 spoken obl:agent 12 , , PUNCT _ 16 state punct 13 mainly mainly ADV _ 16 state advmod 14 in in ADP _ 16 state case 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 state det 16 state state NOUN Number=Sing 5 spoken obl 17 of of ADP _ 18 Tamil case 18 Tamil Tamil ADJ Degree=Pos 16 state nmod 19 Nadu Nadu PROPN Number=Sing 18 Tamil flat 20 in in ADP _ 22 India case 21 south South ADJ Degree=Pos 22 India compound 22 India India PROPN Number=Sing 5 spoken obl 23 and and CCONJ _ 25 Sri cc 24 in in ADP _ 25 Sri case 25 Sri Sri PROPN Number=Sing 22 India conj 26 Lanka Lanka PROPN Number=Sing 25 Sri flat 27 , , PUNCT _ 31 Singapore punct 28 and and CCONJ _ 31 Singapore cc 29 also also ADV _ 31 Singapore advmod 30 in in ADP _ 31 Singapore case 31 Singapore Singapore PROPN Number=Sing 4 language appos 32 , , PUNCT _ 33 Malaysia punct 33 Malaysia Malaysia PROPN Number=Sing 31 Singapore conj 34 and and CCONJ _ 36 communities cc 35 by by ADP _ 36 communities case 36 communities community NOUN Number=Plur 31 Singapore conj 37 in in ADP _ 39 UK case 38 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 39 UK det 39 UK UK PROPN Number=Sing 36 communities nmod 40 , , PUNCT _ 41 Canada punct 41 Canada Canada PROPN Number=Sing 39 UK conj 42 and and CCONJ _ 43 elsewhere cc 43 elsewhere elsewhere ADV _ 41 Canada conj 44 . . PUNCT _ 4 language punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Tamil a language tree rules 2 speak speech: other participle a language not said here the state of Tamil in south India and Sri vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: It is one of the oldest languages still spoken, with poems over 2,000 years old.
The tree, 15 words nsubj cop case det amod nmod advmod acl punct case obl:agent advmod nummod obl:unmarked amod punct root It PRON is AUX one NUM of ADP the DET oldest ADJ languages NOUN still ADV spoken VERB , PUNCT with ADP poems NOUN over ADV 2,000 NUM years NOUN old ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 one nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 one cop 3 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 4 of of ADP _ 7 languages case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 languages det 6 oldest old ADJ Degree=Sup 7 languages amod 7 languages language NOUN Number=Plur 3 one nmod 8 still still ADV _ 9 spoken advmod 9 spoken speak VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 languages acl 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 poems punct 11 with with ADP _ 12 poems case 12 poems poem NOUN Number=Plur 9 spoken obl:agent 13 over over ADV _ 14 2,000 advmod 14 2,000 2000 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 15 years nummod 15 years year NOUN Number=Plur 16 old obl:unmarked 16 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 12 poems amod 17 . . PUNCT _ 3 one punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Tamil one of the oldest languages tree rules 2 speak speech: other participle the oldest languages not said here still vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 2 A Tamil is a person whose people and language are Tamil.
det nsubj cop det nmod:poss nsubj cc conj cop nmod punct root A DET Tamil ADJ is AUX a DET person NOUN whose PRON people NOUN and CCONJ language NOUN are AUX Tamil ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 Tamil det 2 Tamil Tamil ADJ Degree=Pos 5 person nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 person cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 person det 5 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 whose whose PRON Poss=Yes PronType=Rel 7 people nmod:poss 7 people people NOUN Number=Plur 11 Tamil nsubj 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 language cc 9 language language NOUN Number=Sing 7 people conj 10 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 Tamil cop 11 Tamil Tamil ADJ Degree=Pos 5 person nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a Tamil a person tree rules 2 is present people and language tamil property tree rules
Meaning 3 Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.
Tamil describes the language, people or culture.
nsubj det obj punct conj cc conj punct root Tamil ADJ describes VERB the DET language NOUN , PUNCT people NOUN or CCONJ culture NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tamil Tamil ADJ Degree=Pos 2 describes nsubj 2 describes describe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 language det 4 language language NOUN Number=Sing 2 describes obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 people punct 6 people people NOUN Number=Plur 4 language conj 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 culture cc 8 culture culture NOUN Number=Sing 6 people conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 describes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 describe present Tamil the language and people or culture vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent language=Theme
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
Tamil food, Tamil script.
amod punct amod conj punct root Tamil ADJ food NOUN , PUNCT Tamil ADJ script NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tamil Tamil ADJ Degree=Pos 2 food amod 2 food food NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 script punct 4 Tamil Tamil ADJ Degree=Pos 5 script amod 5 script script NOUN Number=Sing 2 food conj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 food punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1 My friend speaks Tamil at home and English at school.
nmod:poss nsubj obj case obl cc conj case nmod punct root My PRON friend NOUN speaks VERB Tamil ADJ at ADP home NOUN and CCONJ English PROPN at ADP school NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 friend nmod:poss 2 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 3 speaks nsubj 3 speaks speak VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 Tamil Tamil ADJ Degree=Pos 3 speaks obj 5 at at ADP _ 6 home case 6 home home NOUN Number=Sing 3 speaks obl 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 English cc 8 English English PROPN Number=Sing 6 home conj 9 at at ADP _ 10 school case 10 school school NOUN Number=Sing 6 home nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 speaks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 speak speech: other present My friend Tamil home at school and English tree rules
Example 2 Tamil is an official language in Sri Lanka and Singapore.
nsubj cop det amod case nmod flat cc conj punct root Tamil ADJ is AUX an DET official ADJ language NOUN in ADP Sri PROPN Lanka PROPN and CCONJ Singapore PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tamil Tamil ADJ Degree=Pos 5 language nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 language cop 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 language det 4 official official ADJ Degree=Pos 5 language amod 5 language language NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 in in ADP _ 7 Sri case 7 Sri Sri PROPN Number=Sing 5 language nmod 8 Lanka Lanka PROPN Number=Sing 7 Sri flat 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 Singapore cc 10 Singapore Singapore PROPN Number=Sing 7 Sri conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 language punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Tamil a official language Sri and Singapore tree rules
Example 3 The word "curry" probably comes from a Tamil word.
det nsubj punct appos punct advmod case det compound obl punct root The DET word NOUN " PUNCT curry NOUN " PUNCT probably ADV comes VERB from ADP a DET Tamil ADJ word NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 word det 2 word word NOUN Number=Sing 7 comes nsubj 3 " " PUNCT _ 4 curry punct 4 curry curry NOUN Number=Sing 2 word appos 5 " " PUNCT _ 4 curry punct 6 probably probably ADV _ 7 comes advmod 7 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 from from ADP _ 11 word case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 word det 10 Tamil Tamil ADJ Degree=Pos 11 word compound 11 word word NOUN Number=Sing 7 comes obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 comes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come present the word a Tamil word probably property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from word=Initial_Location
Example 4 Tamil families celebrate Pongal by cooking sweet rice.
amod nsubj obj mark advcl amod obj punct root Tamil ADJ families NOUN celebrate VERB Pongal PROPN by SCONJ cooking VERB sweet ADJ rice NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tamil Tamil ADJ Degree=Pos 2 families amod 2 families family NOUN Number=Plur 3 celebrate nsubj 3 celebrate celebrate VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 Pongal Pongal PROPN Number=Sing 3 celebrate obj 5 by by SCONJ _ 6 cooking mark 6 cooking cook VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 celebrate advcl 7 sweet sweet ADJ Degree=Pos 8 rice amod 8 rice rice NOUN Number=Sing 6 cooking obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 celebrate punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 celebrate present Tamil families Pongal vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pongal=Theme 2 cook gerund Tamil families not said here sweet rice vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent rice=Patient
Example 5 The Tamil script looks curly and round.
det compound nsubj xcomp cc conj punct root The DET Tamil ADJ script NOUN looks VERB curly ADJ and CCONJ round ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 script det 2 Tamil Tamil ADJ Degree=Pos 3 script compound 3 script script NOUN Number=Sing 4 looks nsubj 4 looks look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 curly curly ADJ Degree=Pos 4 looks xcomp 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 round cc 7 round round ADV _ 5 curly conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 looks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look present the Tamil script curly property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Example 6 Chennai is the biggest Tamil-speaking city in India.
nsubj cop det amod compound punct amod case nmod punct root Chennai PROPN is AUX the DET biggest ADJ Tamil ADJ - PUNCT speaking VERB city NOUN in ADP India PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Chennai Chennai PROPN Number=Sing 8 city nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 city cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 city det 4 biggest big ADJ Degree=Sup 8 city amod 5 Tamil Tamil ADJ Degree=Pos 8 city compound 6 - - PUNCT _ 5 Tamil punct 7 speaking speak VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 city amod 8 city city NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 in in ADP _ 10 India case 10 India India PROPN Number=Sing 8 city nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 city punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 speak speech: other gerund vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a present Chennai the biggest Tamil speaking city India tree rules
Example 7 Tamil poems have been written for more than 2,000 years.
amod nsubj:pass aux aux:pass case advmod fixed nummod obl punct root Tamil ADJ poems NOUN have AUX been AUX written VERB for ADP more ADJ than ADP 2,000 NUM years NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tamil Tamil ADJ Degree=Pos 2 poems amod 2 poems poem NOUN Number=Plur 5 written nsubj:pass 3 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 written aux 4 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 5 written aux:pass 5 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 for for ADP _ 10 years case 7 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV 9 2,000 advmod 8 than than ADP _ 7 more fixed 9 2,000 2000 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 10 years nummod 10 years year NOUN Number=Plur 5 written obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 written punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write present · perfect · passive Tamil poems year vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
Example 8 But in the Tamil version, the process is described as being of a different and double nature.
The tree, 17 words cc case det compound obl punct det nsubj:pass aux:pass mark cop case det amod cc conj advcl punct root But CCONJ in ADP the DET Tamil ADJ version NOUN , PUNCT the DET process NOUN is AUX described VERB as SCONJ being AUX of ADP a DET different ADJ and CCONJ double ADJ nature NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 But but CCONJ _ 10 described cc 2 in in ADP _ 5 version case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 version det 4 Tamil Tamil ADJ Degree=Pos 5 version compound 5 version version NOUN Number=Sing 10 described obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 version punct 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 process det 8 process process NOUN Number=Sing 10 described nsubj:pass 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 described aux:pass 10 described describe VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 11 as as SCONJ _ 18 nature mark 12 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 18 nature cop 13 of of ADP _ 18 nature case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 nature det 15 different different ADJ Degree=Pos 18 nature amod 16 and and CCONJ _ 17 double cc 17 double double ADJ Degree=Pos 15 different conj 18 nature nature NOUN Number=Sing 10 described advcl 19 . . PUNCT _ 10 described punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 describe present · passive the process the Tamil version vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Theme 2 is gerund of a different nature tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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