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tax

Who acts: people, tax, Taxes, price, you, Grown ups · What happens: pay, make, mean, work, tire, help · To what, where: Money, people, tax, something, 10 dollars, GST · Speech: someone speaks here

«tax» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: tax in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Money that people and businesses must pay to the government to pay for things like schools, roads, hospitals and police.

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 pay	obj
3	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 pay	nsubj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 businesses	cc
5	businesses	business	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 people	conj
6	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 pay	aux
7	pay	pay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Money	acl:relcl
8	to	to	ADP	_	10 government	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 government	det
10	government	government	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 pay	obl
11	to	to	PART	_	12 pay	mark
12	pay	pay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 pay	advcl
13	for	for	ADP	_	14 things	case
14	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 pay	obl
15	like	like	ADP	_	16 schools	case
16	schools	school	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 things	nmod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 roads	punct
18	roads	road	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 schools	conj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 hospitals	punct
20	hospitals	hospital	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 schools	conj
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 police	cc
22	police	police	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 schools	conj
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Money	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pay	must	people and businesses	Money				to the government	vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Asset
2	pay	to-infinitive	people and businesses not said here					for things like schools and roads and hospitals and police	vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for thing=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

As a verb, to make people pay tax on something.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	As	as	ADP	_	3 verb	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 verb	det
3	verb	verb	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 make	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 make	punct
5	to	to	PART	_	6 make	mark
6	make	make	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 make	obj
8	pay	pay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 make	xcomp
9	tax	tax	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 pay	obj
10	on	on	ADP	_	11 something	case
11	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	8 pay	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 make	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	to-infinitive		people				as a verb	tree rules
2	pay	infinitive	people not said here	tax		something			vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tax=Asset

Meaning 3

To tax something can also mean to make it work hard or tire it.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 tax	mark
2	tax	tax	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 mean	nsubj
3	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	2 tax	appos
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 mean	aux
5	also	also	ADV	_	6 mean	advmod
6	mean	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	to	to	PART	_	8 make	mark
8	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 mean	xcomp
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 make	obj
10	work	work	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 make	xcomp
11	hard	hard	ADV	Degree=Pos	10 work	advmod
12	or	or	CCONJ	_	13 tire	cc
13	tire	tire	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 work	conj
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 tire	obj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 mean	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	can	tax						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	make not said to happen	to-infinitive	tax not said here	tax					tree rules
3	work not said to happen	infinitive	tax not said here					hard property	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	tire	infinitive	tax not said here	tax					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus it=Experiencer

The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

"a taxing job".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 job	punct
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 job	det
3	taxing	taxing	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 job	compound
4	job	job	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 job	punct
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 job	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 1

Taxes help pay for schools and roads.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Taxes	tax	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 help	nsubj
2	help	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	pay	pay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 help	xcomp
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 schools	case
5	schools	school	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 pay	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 roads	cc
7	roads	road	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 schools	conj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 help	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	help	present	Taxes						vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	pay	infinitive	Taxes not said here					for schools and roads	vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for school=Theme

Example 2

The price was 10 dollars plus tax.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 price	det
2	price	price	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 dollars	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 dollars	cop
4	10	10	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 dollars	nummod
5	dollars	dollar	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
6	plus	plus	CCONJ	_	7 tax	cc
7	tax	tax	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 dollars	conj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 dollars	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	the price	10 dollars plus tax					tree rules

Example 3

In Australia, GST is added to most things you buy.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 Australia	case
2	Australia	Australia	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 added	obl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 Australia	punct
4	GST	GST	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 added	nsubj:pass
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 added	aux:pass
6	added	add	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 things	case
8	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	9 things	amod
9	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 added	obl
10	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	11 buy	nsubj
11	buy	buy	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 things	acl:relcl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 added	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	add speech: assert	present · passive		GST		Australia		to most things	vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient to thing=Co-Patient
2	buy	present	you	most things not said here					vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme

Example 4

The government taxes petrol.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 petrol	det
2	government	government	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 taxes	compound
3	taxes	tax	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 petrol	compound
4	petrol	petrol	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 petrol	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 5

Grown-ups pay income tax on the money they earn.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Grown	grow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 ups	amod
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	1 Grown	punct
3	ups	up	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 pay	nsubj
4	pay	pay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	income	income	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 tax	compound
6	tax	tax	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 pay	obj
7	on	on	ADP	_	9 money	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 money	det
9	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 pay	obl
10	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 earn	nsubj
11	earn	earn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 money	acl:relcl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 pay	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	participle							vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	pay	present	Grown ups	income tax		the money			vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tax=Asset
3	earn	present	ups = up	the money not said here					vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme

Example 6

Climbing that steep hill was very taxing.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Climbing	climb	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 taxing	csubj
2	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 hill	det
3	steep	steep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 hill	amod
4	hill	hill	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Climbing	obj
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 taxing	aux
6	very	very	ADV	_	7 taxing	advmod
7	taxing	tax	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 taxing	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	climb	gerund		that steep hill					vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location hill=Theme
2	tax	past · progressive	Climbing						vn bill-54.5-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent

Example 7

The colonists were angry about the tax on tea.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 colonists	det
2	colonists	colonist	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 angry	nsubj
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 angry	cop
4	angry	angry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	about	about	ADP	_	7 tax	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 tax	det
7	tax	tax	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 angry	obl
8	on	on	ADP	_	9 tea	case
9	tea	tea	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 tax	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 angry	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the colonists					about the tax on tea; angry property	tree rules

Example 8

“Have you been for the tax?” said the giant.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	“	"	PUNCT	_	7 tax	punct
2	Have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 tax	aux
3	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 tax	nsubj
4	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	7 tax	cop
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 tax	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 tax	det
7	tax	tax	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 said	nsubj
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 tax	punct
9	”	"	PUNCT	_	7 tax	punct
10	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 giant	det
12	giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 said	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	present · perfect	you					for the tax	tree rules
2	say speech: ask	past	the tax	the giant					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent giant=Topic

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/T/tax/