thank Who acts: you, they, Thanks, I, we, Wolf · What happens: tell, be, do, give, say, thank · To what, where: someone, short friendly way, you, me, bus driver, Thanks · Speech: someone speaks here
«thank» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: thank in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To tell someone you are grateful for something they did or gave.
mark obj nsubj cop acl:relcl case obl nsubj acl:relcl cc conj punct root To PART tell VERB someone PRON you PRON are AUX grateful ADJ for ADP something PRON they PRON did VERB or CCONJ gave VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 tell mark 2 tell tell VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 tell obj 4 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 6 grateful nsubj 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 grateful cop 6 grateful grateful ADJ Degree=Pos 3 someone acl:relcl 7 for for ADP _ 8 something case 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 grateful obl 9 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 did nsubj 10 did do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 something acl:relcl 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 gave cc 12 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 did conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 tell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell speech: assert to-infinitive someone vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent someone=Recipient 2 is present you for something; grateful property tree rules 3 do past they vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 give past they not said here vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"Thank you!"
punct obj punct punct root " PUNCT Thank VERB you PRON ! PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 2 Thank punct 2 Thank thank VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 2 Thank obj 4 ! ! PUNCT _ 2 Thank punct 5 " " PUNCT _ 2 Thank punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 thank speech: thank in a quote present you vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme
Meaning 2 "Thanks" is a short, friendly way to say thank you.
punct nsubj punct cop det amod punct amod mark acl ccomp obj punct root " PUNCT Thanks NOUN " PUNCT is AUX a DET short ADJ , PUNCT friendly ADJ way NOUN to PART say VERB thank VERB you PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 2 Thanks punct 2 Thanks thanks NOUN Number=Sing 9 way nsubj 3 " " PUNCT _ 2 Thanks punct 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 way cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 way det 6 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 9 way amod 7 , , PUNCT _ 6 short punct 8 friendly friendly ADJ Degree=Pos 9 way amod 9 way way NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 to to PART _ 11 say mark 11 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 way acl 12 thank thank VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 say ccomp 13 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 12 thank obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 9 way punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Thanks a short friendly way tree rules 2 say speech: assert to-infinitive vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 thank speech: thank infinitive you vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme
Meaning 3 "Thanks to" means because of.
punct nsubj case punct obj fixed punct root " PUNCT Thanks NOUN to ADP " PUNCT means VERB because SCONJ of ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 2 Thanks punct 2 Thanks thanks NOUN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 3 to to ADP _ 4 " case 4 " " PUNCT _ 2 Thanks punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 because because SCONJ _ 5 means obj 7 of of ADP _ 6 because fixed 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Thanks vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent because=Topic
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"Thanks to the rain, the garden is green."
punct nsubj case det nmod punct det conj cop punct punct root " PUNCT Thanks NOUN to ADP the DET rain NOUN , PUNCT the DET garden NOUN is AUX green ADJ . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 10 green punct 2 Thanks thanks NOUN Number=Sing 10 green nsubj 3 to to ADP _ 5 rain case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 rain det 5 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 2 Thanks nmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 garden punct 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 garden det 8 garden garden NOUN Number=Sing 2 Thanks conj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 green cop 10 green green ADJ Degree=Pos root root 11 . . PUNCT _ 10 green punct 12 " " PUNCT _ 10 green punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is in a quote present Thanks to the rain and the garden green property tree rules
Example 1 Thank you for the present.
obj case det obl punct root Thank VERB you PRON for ADP the DET present NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Thank thank VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 2 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 1 Thank obj 3 for for ADP _ 5 present case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 present det 5 present present NOUN Number=Sing 1 Thank obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 1 Thank punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 thank speech: thank present you for the present vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent you=Theme for present=Attribute
Example 2 Thanks for helping me.
mark acl obj punct root Thanks NOUN for SCONJ helping VERB me PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Thanks thanks NOUN Number=Sing root root 2 for for SCONJ _ 3 helping mark 3 helping help VERB VerbForm=Ger 1 Thanks acl 4 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 helping obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 1 Thanks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help gerund Thanks not said here me vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Beneficiary
Example 3 I thanked the bus driver.
nsubj det compound obj punct root I PRON thanked VERB the DET bus NOUN driver NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 thanked nsubj 2 thanked thank VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 driver det 4 bus bus NOUN Number=Sing 5 driver compound 5 driver driver NOUN Number=Sing 2 thanked obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 thanked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 thank speech: thank past I the bus driver vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent driver=Theme
Example 4 "More cake?" "No, thank you."
Sentence 1: "More cake?" "
punct amod punct punct punct root " PUNCT More ADJ cake NOUN ? PUNCT " PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 3 cake punct 2 More more ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 cake amod 3 cake cake NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 cake punct 5 " " PUNCT _ 3 cake punct 6 " " PUNCT _ 3 cake punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Sentence 2: No, thank you."
discourse punct obj punct punct root No INTJ , PUNCT thank VERB you PRON . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 No no INTJ Polarity=Neg 3 thank discourse 2 , , PUNCT _ 3 thank punct 3 thank thank VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 thank obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 3 thank punct 6 " " PUNCT _ 3 thank punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 thank speech: thank present you vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme
Example 5 Thanks to her, we won the game.
obl:unmarked case nmod punct nsubj det obj punct root Thanks NOUN to ADP her PRON , PUNCT we PRON won VERB the DET game NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Thanks thanks NOUN Number=Sing 6 won obl:unmarked 2 to to ADP _ 3 her case 3 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 1 Thanks nmod 4 , , PUNCT _ 1 Thanks punct 5 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 won nsubj 6 won win VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 game det 8 game game NOUN Number=Sing 6 won obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 won punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 win past we Thanks to her vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent game=Eventuality
Example 6 Thank goodness you're safe!
obj nsubj cop ccomp punct root Thank VERB goodness NOUN you PRON 're AUX safe ADJ ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Thank thank VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 2 goodness goodness NOUN Number=Sing 1 Thank obj 3 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 safe nsubj 4 're be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 safe cop 5 safe safe ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Thank ccomp 6 ! ! PUNCT _ 1 Thank punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 thank speech: thank present goodness vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goodness=Theme 2 is present you safe property tree rules
Example 7 Write a thank-you note to Grandma.
det compound punct compound obj case nmod punct root Write VERB a DET thank NOUN - PUNCT you PRON note NOUN to ADP Grandma PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Write write VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 note det 3 thank thank NOUN Number=Sing 6 note compound 4 - - PUNCT _ 3 thank punct 5 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 6 note compound 6 note note NOUN Number=Sing 1 Write obj 7 to to ADP _ 8 Grandma case 8 Grandma Grandma PROPN Number=Sing 6 note nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Write punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write imperative you not said here a thank you note Grandma vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent note=Topic to grandma=Recipient
Example 8 Thanks a lot!
det nmod:unmarked punct root Thanks NOUN a DET lot NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Thanks thanks NOUN Number=Sing root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 lot det 3 lot lot NOUN Number=Sing 1 Thanks nmod:unmarked 4 ! ! PUNCT _ 1 Thanks punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 9 "Thank you, Mr. Wolf," said she.
punct obj punct nmod:desc vocative punct punct conj nsubj punct root " PUNCT Thank VERB you PRON , PUNCT Mr. PROPN Wolf PROPN , PUNCT " PUNCT said VERB she PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 2 Thank punct 2 Thank thank VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 2 Thank obj 4 , , PUNCT _ 6 Wolf punct 5 Mr. Mr. PROPN Number=Sing 6 Wolf nmod:desc 6 Wolf Wolf PROPN Number=Sing 2 Thank vocative 7 , , PUNCT _ 2 Thank punct 8 " " PUNCT _ 2 Thank punct 9 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 Thank conj 10 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 said nsubj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 Thank punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 thank speech: thank in a quote present you Wolf Mr. vocative vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme 2 say speech: assert past Wolf vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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