till Who acts: till, shop, She, 200 dollars, He, you · What happens: mean, open, be, keep, give, till · To what, where: 9, drawer, money, change, soil, 50 dollars
«till» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: till in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Till means until, up to a time: open from 9 till 5.
The tree, 12 words mark obj punct advmod case det obl punct conj case obl case nmod punct root Till SCONJ means VERB until SCONJ , PUNCT up ADV to ADP a DET time NOUN : PUNCT open VERB from ADP 9 NUM till ADP 5 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Till till SCONJ _ 2 means mark 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 until until SCONJ _ 2 means obj 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 up punct 5 up up ADV _ 2 means advmod 6 to to ADP _ 8 time case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 time det 8 time time NOUN Number=Sing 5 up obl 9 : : PUNCT _ 10 open punct 10 open open VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 means conj 11 from from ADP _ 12 9 case 12 9 9 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 10 open obl 13 till till ADP _ 14 5 case 14 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 12 9 nmod 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent until=Topic 2 open infinitive 9 till 5 vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A till is the drawer or machine where a shop keeps money and gives change (a cash register).
The tree, 18 words det nsubj cop det cc conj advmod det nsubj acl:relcl obj cc conj obj punct det compound appos punct punct root A DET till NOUN is AUX the DET drawer NOUN or CCONJ machine NOUN where ADV a DET shop NOUN keeps VERB money NOUN and CCONJ gives VERB change NOUN ( PUNCT a DET cash NOUN register NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 till det 2 till till NOUN Number=Sing 5 drawer nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 drawer cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 drawer det 5 drawer drawer NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 machine cc 7 machine machine NOUN Number=Sing 5 drawer conj 8 where where ADV PronType=Rel 11 keeps advmod 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 shop det 10 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 11 keeps nsubj 11 keeps keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 drawer acl:relcl 12 money money NOUN Number=Sing 11 keeps obj 13 and and CCONJ _ 14 gives cc 14 gives give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 keeps conj 15 change change NOUN Number=Sing 14 gives obj 16 ( ( PUNCT _ 19 register punct 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 register det 18 cash cash NOUN Number=Sing 19 register compound 19 register register NOUN Number=Sing 15 change appos 20 ) ) PUNCT _ 19 register punct 21 . . PUNCT _ 5 drawer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a till the drawer or machine tree rules 2 keep present a shop money vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme 3 give present a shop not said here change vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent change=Theme
Meaning 3 To till the soil is to dig and prepare it for planting.
mark advcl det obj cop mark cc conj obj case obl punct root To PART till VERB the DET soil NOUN is AUX to PART dig VERB and CCONJ prepare VERB it PRON for ADP planting NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 till mark 2 till till VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 dig advcl 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 soil det 4 soil soil NOUN Number=Sing 2 till obj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 dig cop 6 to to PART _ 7 dig mark 7 dig dig VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 prepare cc 9 prepare prepare VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 7 dig conj 10 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 prepare obj 11 for for ADP _ 12 planting case 12 planting planting NOUN Number=Sing 9 prepare obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 7 dig punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 till to-infinitive the soil tree rules 2 is present dig property tree rules 3 prepare infinitive soil for planting vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent it=Product for planting=Beneficiary
Example 1 The shop is open from 9 till 5.
det nsubj cop case obl case nmod punct root The DET shop NOUN is AUX open ADJ from ADP 9 NUM till ADP 5 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 shop det 2 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 4 open nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 open cop 4 open open ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 from from ADP _ 6 9 case 6 9 9 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 open obl 7 till till ADP _ 8 5 case 8 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 9 nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 open punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the shop 9 till 5 open property tree rules
Example 2 She saved till she had 50 dollars.
nsubj mark nsubj ccomp nummod obj punct root She PRON saved VERB till SCONJ she PRON had VERB 50 NUM dollars NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 saved nsubj 2 saved save VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 till till SCONJ _ 5 had mark 4 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 had nsubj 5 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 saved ccomp 6 50 50 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 dollars nummod 7 dollars dollar NOUN Number=Plur 5 had obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 saved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 save past She tree rules 2 have past she 50 dollars vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dollar=Patient
Example 3 There are 200 dollars in the till.
expl nummod nsubj case det obl punct root There PRON are VERB 200 NUM dollars NOUN in ADP the DET till NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 are expl 2 are be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 200 200 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 dollars nummod 4 dollars dollar NOUN Number=Plur 2 are nsubj 5 in in ADP _ 7 till case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 till det 7 till till NOUN Number=Sing 2 are obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 are punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 does present 200 dollars the till; there vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in till=Location
Example 4 He worked till noon.
nsubj case obl punct root He PRON worked VERB till ADP noon NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 worked nsubj 2 worked work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 till till ADP _ 4 noon case 4 noon noon NOUN Number=Sing 2 worked obl 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 worked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 work past He noon vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 5 Wait till the green man shows before you cross.
mark det amod nsubj advcl mark nsubj advcl punct root Wait VERB till SCONJ the DET green ADJ man NOUN shows VERB before SCONJ you PRON cross VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wait wait VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 2 till till SCONJ _ 6 shows mark 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 man det 4 green green ADJ Degree=Pos 5 man amod 5 man man NOUN Number=Sing 6 shows nsubj 6 shows show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Wait advcl 7 before before SCONJ _ 9 cross mark 8 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 9 cross nsubj 9 cross cross VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 shows advcl 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Wait punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wait imperative you not said here vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 show present the green man vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 cross present you vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 Please pay at the till.
discourse case det obl punct root Please INTJ pay VERB at ADP the DET till NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Please please INTJ _ 2 pay discourse 2 pay pay VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 at at ADP _ 5 till case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 till det 5 till till NOUN Number=Sing 2 pay obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 pay punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pay imperative you not said here the till vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 7 The farmer tills his fields in spring.
det nsubj nmod:poss obj case obl punct root The DET farmer NOUN tills VERB his PRON fields NOUN in ADP spring NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 farmer det 2 farmer farmer NOUN Number=Sing 3 tills nsubj 3 tills till VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 fields nmod:poss 5 fields field NOUN Number=Plur 3 tills obj 6 in in ADP _ 7 spring case 7 spring spring NOUN Number=Sing 3 tills obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 tills punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 till present the farmer farmer's fields spring tree rules
Example 8 We played till it got dark.
nsubj mark nsubj advcl xcomp punct root We PRON played VERB till SCONJ it PRON got VERB dark ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 played nsubj 2 played play VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 till till SCONJ _ 5 got mark 4 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 got nsubj 5 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 played advcl 6 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 5 got xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 played punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 play past We vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 get past it dark property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
Example 9 Do this each day till I return."
obj det obl:unmarked mark nsubj advcl punct punct root Do VERB this PRON each DET day NOUN till SCONJ I PRON return VERB . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 this this PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 1 Do obj 3 each each DET PronType=Tot 4 day det 4 day day NOUN Number=Sing 1 Do obl:unmarked 5 till till SCONJ _ 7 return mark 6 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 7 return nsubj 7 return return VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Do advcl 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Do punct 9 " " PUNCT _ 1 Do punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do imperative you not said here this day vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Eventuality 2 return present I vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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