tombstone Who acts: tombstone, person, We, people, you, it · What happens: be, bury, use, cover, read, say · To what, where: large flat stone, name, tombstones, films, tombstone, names · Speech: someone speaks here
«tombstone» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: tombstone in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A tombstone is a large flat stone over or at the end of a grave, with the name of the person buried there and often words about them.
The tree, 28 words det nsubj cop det amod amod advmod cc case det conj case det nmod punct case det conj mark det nsubj acl advmod cc advmod conj case nmod punct root A DET tombstone NOUN is AUX a DET large ADJ flat ADJ stone NOUN over ADV or CCONJ at ADP the DET end NOUN of ADP a DET grave NOUN , PUNCT with ADP the DET name NOUN of SCONJ the DET person NOUN buried VERB there ADV and CCONJ often ADV words NOUN about ADP them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 tombstone det 2 tombstone tombstone NOUN Number=Sing 7 stone nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 stone cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 stone det 5 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 7 stone amod 6 flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos 7 stone amod 7 stone stone NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 over over ADV _ 7 stone advmod 9 or or CCONJ _ 12 end cc 10 at at ADP _ 12 end case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 end det 12 end end NOUN Number=Sing 7 stone conj 13 of of ADP _ 15 grave case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 grave det 15 grave grave NOUN Number=Sing 12 end nmod 16 , , PUNCT _ 19 name punct 17 with with ADP _ 19 name case 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 name det 19 name name NOUN Number=Sing 7 stone conj 20 of of SCONJ _ 23 buried mark 21 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 22 person det 22 person person NOUN Number=Sing 23 buried nsubj 23 buried bury VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 19 name acl 24 there there ADV PronType=Dem 23 buried advmod 25 and and CCONJ _ 27 words cc 26 often often ADV _ 27 words advmod 27 words word NOUN Number=Plur 23 buried conj 28 about about ADP _ 29 them case 29 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 27 words nmod 30 . . PUNCT _ 7 stone punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a tombstone a large flat stone or the end of a grave and the name over property tree rules 2 bury past the person the name not said here there vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 In films and games, tombstones are often used for spooky graveyard scenes.
case obl cc conj punct nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod case amod compound obl punct root In ADP films NOUN and CCONJ games NOUN , PUNCT tombstones NOUN are AUX often ADV used VERB for ADP spooky ADJ graveyard NOUN scenes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 films case 2 films film NOUN Number=Plur 9 used obl 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 games cc 4 games game NOUN Number=Plur 2 films conj 5 , , PUNCT _ 2 films punct 6 tombstones tombstone NOUN Number=Plur 9 used nsubj:pass 7 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 used aux:pass 8 often often ADV _ 9 used advmod 9 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 10 for for ADP _ 13 scenes case 11 spooky spooky ADJ Degree=Pos 13 scenes amod 12 graveyard graveyard NOUN Number=Sing 13 scenes compound 13 scenes scene NOUN Number=Plur 9 used obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 9 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use present · passive tombstones films and games for spooky graveyard scenes; often property vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: subject=Theme for scene=Eventuality
Example 1 The tombstone was covered in moss.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root The DET tombstone NOUN was AUX covered VERB in ADP moss NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 tombstone det 2 tombstone tombstone NOUN Number=Sing 4 covered nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 covered aux:pass 4 covered cover VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 in in ADP _ 6 moss case 6 moss moss NOUN Number=Sing 4 covered obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 covered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cover past · passive the tombstone in moss vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in moss=Theme
Example 2 We read the names on old tombstones in the churchyard.
nsubj det obj case amod nmod case det nmod punct root We PRON read VERB the DET names NOUN on ADP old ADJ tombstones NOUN in ADP the DET churchyard NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 read nsubj 2 read read VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 names det 4 names name NOUN Number=Plur 2 read obj 5 on on ADP _ 7 tombstones case 6 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 7 tombstones amod 7 tombstones tombstone NOUN Number=Plur 4 names nmod 8 in in ADP _ 10 churchyard case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 churchyard det 10 churchyard churchyard NOUN Number=Sing 7 tombstones nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 read punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read past We the names old tombstones in the churchyard vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Topic
Example 3 The tombstone said «Beloved mother and grandmother».
det nsubj punct amod obj cc conj punct punct root The DET tombstone NOUN said VERB « PUNCT Beloved ADJ mother NOUN and CCONJ grandmother NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 tombstone det 2 tombstone tombstone NOUN Number=Sing 3 said nsubj 3 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 « « PUNCT _ 6 mother punct 5 Beloved beloved ADJ Degree=Pos 6 mother amod 6 mother mother NOUN Number=Sing 3 said obj 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 grandmother cc 8 grandmother grandmother NOUN Number=Sing 6 mother conj 9 » » PUNCT _ 6 mother punct 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past the tombstone Beloved mother and grandmother vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent mother=Topic
Example 4 In history we used tombstones to find out how long people lived.
case obl nsubj obj mark advcl compound:prt advmod advmod nsubj advcl punct root In ADP history NOUN we PRON used VERB tombstones NOUN to PART find VERB out ADP how ADV long ADV people NOUN lived VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 history case 2 history history NOUN Number=Sing 4 used obl 3 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 used nsubj 4 used use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 tombstones tombstone NOUN Number=Plur 4 used obj 6 to to PART _ 7 find mark 7 find find VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 used advcl 8 out out ADP _ 7 find compound:prt 9 how how ADV PronType=Int 10 long advmod 10 long long ADV Degree=Pos 7 find advmod 11 people people NOUN Number=Plur 12 lived nsubj 12 lived live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 long advcl 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use past we tombstones history vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tombstone=Patient 2 find out to-infinitive we not said here long property vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent 3 live past people vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 Please don't climb on the tombstones; it is disrespectful.
discourse aux advmod case det obl punct nsubj cop conj punct root Please INTJ do AUX n't PART climb VERB on ADP the DET tombstones NOUN ; PUNCT it PRON is AUX disrespectful ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Please please INTJ _ 4 climb discourse 2 do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 4 climb aux 3 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 4 climb advmod 4 climb climb VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 5 on on ADP _ 7 tombstones case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 tombstones det 7 tombstones tombstone NOUN Number=Plur 4 climb obl 8 ; ; PUNCT _ 11 disrespectful punct 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 disrespectful nsubj 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 disrespectful cop 11 disrespectful disrespectful ADJ Degree=Pos 4 climb conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 climb punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not climb imperative · do-support you not said here the tombstones vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on tombstone=Trajectory 2 is present it disrespectful property tree rules
Example 6 At Halloween the house had pretend tombstones in the garden.
case obl det nsubj amod obj case det obl punct root At ADP Halloween PROPN the DET house NOUN had VERB pretend ADJ tombstones NOUN in ADP the DET garden NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 At at ADP _ 2 Halloween case 2 Halloween Halloween PROPN Number=Sing 5 had obl 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 house det 4 house house NOUN Number=Sing 5 had nsubj 5 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 pretend pretend ADJ Degree=Pos 7 tombstones amod 7 tombstones tombstone NOUN Number=Plur 5 had obj 8 in in ADP _ 10 garden case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 garden det 10 garden garden NOUN Number=Sing 5 had obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the house pretend tombstones Halloween in the garden vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tombstone=Patient
Example 7 Then she saw on one of the broad tombstones a group of ghouls.
advmod nsubj case obl case det amod nmod det appos case nmod punct root Then ADV she PRON saw VERB on ADP one NUM of ADP the DET broad ADJ tombstones NOUN a DET group NOUN of ADP ghouls NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Then then ADV PronType=Dem 3 saw advmod 2 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 saw nsubj 3 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 on on ADP _ 5 one case 5 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 saw obl 6 of of ADP _ 9 tombstones case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 tombstones det 8 broad broad ADJ Degree=Pos 9 tombstones amod 9 tombstones tombstone NOUN Number=Plur 5 one nmod 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 group det 11 group group NOUN Number=Sing 9 tombstones appos 12 of of ADP _ 13 ghouls case 13 ghouls ghoul NOUN Number=Plur 11 group nmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 saw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see past she then on one of the broad tombstones vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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