tonal Who acts: Tonal, tonal language, Mandarin, we, piano, English · What happens: mean, do, use, change, shade, be · To what, where: rise, meaning, word, art, colour, tonal language · Speech: someone speaks here
«tonal» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: tonal in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Tonal means to do with tone: the sound, pitch or quality of something.
The tree, 13 words nsubj mark ccomp case obl punct det conj punct conj cc conj case nmod punct root Tonal ADJ means VERB to PART do VERB with ADP tone NOUN : PUNCT the DET sound NOUN , PUNCT pitch NOUN or CCONJ quality NOUN of ADP something PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tonal tonal ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 do mark 4 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 means ccomp 5 with with ADP _ 6 tone case 6 tone tone NOUN Number=Sing 4 do obl 7 : : PUNCT _ 9 sound punct 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 sound det 9 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 6 tone conj 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 pitch punct 11 pitch pitch NOUN Number=Sing 9 sound conj 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 quality cc 13 quality quality NOUN Number=Sing 9 sound conj 14 of of ADP _ 15 something case 15 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 13 quality nmod 16 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Tonal vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 do not said to happen to-infinitive with tone and the sound and pitch or quality of something vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A tonal language uses the rise and fall of the voice to change the meaning of a word, like Mandarin Chinese.
The tree, 21 words det amod nsubj det obj cc conj case det nmod mark advcl det obj case det nmod punct case appos flat punct root A DET tonal ADJ language NOUN uses VERB the DET rise NOUN and CCONJ fall NOUN of ADP the DET voice NOUN to PART change VERB the DET meaning NOUN of ADP a DET word NOUN , PUNCT like ADP Mandarin PROPN Chinese PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 language det 2 tonal tonal ADJ Degree=Pos 3 language amod 3 language language NOUN Number=Sing 4 uses nsubj 4 uses use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 rise det 6 rise rise NOUN Number=Sing 4 uses obj 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 fall cc 8 fall fall NOUN Number=Sing 6 rise conj 9 of of ADP _ 11 voice case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 voice det 11 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 8 fall nmod 12 to to PART _ 13 change mark 13 change change VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 uses advcl 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 meaning det 15 meaning meaning NOUN Number=Sing 13 change obj 16 of of ADP _ 18 word case 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 word det 18 word word NOUN Number=Sing 15 meaning nmod 19 , , PUNCT _ 21 Mandarin punct 20 like like ADP _ 21 Mandarin case 21 Mandarin Mandarin PROPN Number=Sing 18 word appos 22 Chinese Chinese PROPN Number=Sing 21 Mandarin flat 23 . . PUNCT _ 4 uses punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use present a tonal language the rise and fall of the voice vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rise=Patient 2 change to-infinitive a tonal language not said here the meaning of a word vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meaning=Patient 3 mean a word nom meaning «communication transitive»: of=patient
Meaning 3 In art, tonal means to do with light and dark shades of a colour.
The tree, 14 words case obl punct nsubj mark ccomp case obl cc amod conj case det nmod punct root In ADP art NOUN , PUNCT tonal ADJ means VERB to PART do VERB with ADP light NOUN and CCONJ dark ADJ shades NOUN of ADP a DET colour NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 art case 2 art art NOUN Number=Sing 5 means obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 art punct 4 tonal tonal ADJ Degree=Pos 5 means nsubj 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 to to PART _ 7 do mark 7 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 means ccomp 8 with with ADP _ 9 light case 9 light light NOUN Number=Sing 7 do obl 10 and and CCONJ _ 12 shades cc 11 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 12 shades amod 12 shades shade NOUN Number=Plur 9 light conj 13 of of ADP _ 15 colour case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 colour det 15 colour colour NOUN Number=Sing 12 shades nmod 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present tonal art vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 do not said to happen to-infinitive with light and dark shades of a colour vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 shade a colour nom shade «state transitive»: of=patient
Example 1 Mandarin is a tonal language with four main tones.
nsubj cop det amod case nummod amod nmod punct root Mandarin PROPN is AUX a DET tonal ADJ language NOUN with ADP four NUM main ADJ tones NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mandarin Mandarin PROPN Number=Sing 5 language nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 language cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 language det 4 tonal tonal ADJ Degree=Pos 5 language amod 5 language language NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 with with ADP _ 9 tones case 7 four four NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 9 tones nummod 8 main main ADJ Degree=Pos 9 tones amod 9 tones tone NOUN Number=Plur 5 language nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 language punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Mandarin a tonal language with four main tones tree rules
Example 2 In art we did tonal shading with a pencil, from dark to light.
The tree, 13 words case obl nsubj xcomp advcl case det obl punct case conj case obl punct root In ADP art NOUN we PRON did VERB tonal ADJ shading VERB with ADP a DET pencil NOUN , PUNCT from ADP dark ADJ to ADP light NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 art case 2 art art NOUN Number=Sing 4 did obl 3 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 did nsubj 4 did do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 tonal tonal ADJ Degree=Pos 4 did xcomp 6 shading shade VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 did advcl 7 with with ADP _ 9 pencil case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 pencil det 9 pencil pencil NOUN Number=Sing 6 shading obl 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 dark punct 11 from from ADP _ 12 dark case 12 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 4 did conj 13 to to ADP _ 14 light case 14 light light NOUN Number=Sing 12 dark obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 4 did punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do past we art tonal property vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 shade gerund we not said here with a pencil vn defend-72.3 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent
Example 3 The piano has a warm tonal quality.
det nsubj det amod amod obj punct root The DET piano NOUN has VERB a DET warm ADJ tonal ADJ quality NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 piano det 2 piano piano NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 quality det 5 warm warm ADJ Degree=Pos 7 quality amod 6 tonal tonal ADJ Degree=Pos 7 quality amod 7 quality quality NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the piano a warm tonal quality vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent quality=Patient
Example 4 English is not a tonal language, though our voice rises in questions.
nsubj cop advmod det amod punct mark nmod:poss nsubj advcl case obl punct root English PROPN is AUX not PART a DET tonal ADJ language NOUN , PUNCT though SCONJ our PRON voice NOUN rises VERB in ADP questions NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 English English PROPN Number=Sing 6 language nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 language cop 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 language advmod 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 language det 5 tonal tonal ADJ Degree=Pos 6 language amod 6 language language NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 11 rises punct 8 though though SCONJ _ 11 rises mark 9 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 voice nmod:poss 10 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 11 rises nsubj 11 rises rise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 language advcl 12 in in ADP _ 13 questions case 13 questions question NOUN Number=Plur 11 rises obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 language punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not is a present English a tonal language tree rules 2 rise present our voice questions vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in question=Location
Example 5 Make a tonal scale with five boxes.
det amod obj case nummod obl punct root Make VERB a DET tonal ADJ scale NOUN with ADP five NUM boxes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 scale det 3 tonal tonal ADJ Degree=Pos 4 scale amod 4 scale scale NOUN Number=Sing 1 Make obj 5 with with ADP _ 7 boxes case 6 five five NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 boxes nummod 7 boxes box NOUN Number=Plur 1 Make obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make imperative you not said here a tonal scale with five boxes vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset scale=Product
Example 6 The singer's tonal range is wide.
det nmod:poss case amod nsubj cop punct root The DET singer NOUN 's PART tonal ADJ range NOUN is AUX wide ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 singer det 2 singer singer NOUN Number=Sing 5 range nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 singer case 4 tonal tonal ADJ Degree=Pos 5 range amod 5 range range NOUN Number=Sing 7 wide nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 wide cop 7 wide wide ADJ Degree=Pos root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 wide punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the singer's tonal range wide property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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