traffic

Who acts: other vehicles, you, traffic, We, UK traffic, USA traffic · What happens: move, amount, sell, wait, be, look out · To what, where: roads, movement, people, traffic lights, traffic jam, left

«traffic» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: traffic in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

The cars, buses, lorries, bikes and other vehicles moving on roads.

The tree, 11 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cars	det
2	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 buses	punct
4	buses	bus	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 cars	conj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 lorries	punct
6	lorries	lorry	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 cars	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 bikes	punct
8	bikes	bike	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 cars	conj
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 vehicles	cc
10	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 vehicles	amod
11	vehicles	vehicle	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 cars	conj
12	moving	move	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 vehicles	acl
13	on	on	ADP	_	14 roads	case
14	roads	road	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 moving	obl
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 cars	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	move	gerund	other vehicles not said here			roads			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme on road=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

The amount of movement of people, ships, planes or data: air traffic, internet traffic.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 amount	det
2	amount	amount	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 movement	case
4	movement	movement	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 amount	nmod
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 people	case
6	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 movement	nmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 ships	punct
8	ships	ship	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 people	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 planes	punct
10	planes	plane	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 people	conj
11	or	or	CCONJ	_	12 data	cc
12	data	data	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 people	conj
13	:	:	PUNCT	_	15 traffic	punct
14	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 traffic	compound
15	traffic	traffic	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 amount	nmod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 traffic	punct
17	internet	internet	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 traffic	compound
18	traffic	traffic	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 traffic	conj
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 amount	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	amount			movement of people and ships and planes or data					nom amount «possession transitive»: of=patient
2	move			people and ships and planes or data					nom movement «act transitive»: of=patient

Meaning 3

Illegal buying and selling (traffic in drugs — adult use).

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Illegal	illegal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 buying	amod
2	buying	buying	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 selling	cc
4	selling	sell	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 buying	conj
5	(	(	PUNCT	_	6 traffic	punct
6	traffic	traffic	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 buying	appos
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 drugs	case
8	drugs	drug	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 traffic	nmod
9	—	-	PUNCT	_	11 use	punct
10	adult	adult	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 use	amod
11	use	use	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 traffic	conj
12	)	)	PUNCT	_	6 traffic	punct
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 buying	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sell	gerund							vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent

Example 1

Wait for the green man at the traffic lights.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wait	wait	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
2	for	for	ADP	_	5 man	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 man	det
4	green	green	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 man	amod
5	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Wait	obl
6	at	at	ADP	_	9 lights	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 lights	det
8	traffic	traffic	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 lights	compound
9	lights	light	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Wait	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Wait	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wait	imperative	you not said here			the traffic lights		for the green man	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at light=Location

Example 2

The traffic was very heavy this morning.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 traffic	det
2	traffic	traffic	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 heavy	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 heavy	cop
4	very	very	ADV	_	5 heavy	advmod
5	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	7 morning	det
7	morning	morning	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 heavy	obl:unmarked
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 heavy	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the traffic				morning	heavy property	tree rules

Example 3

We were stuck in a traffic jam.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 stuck	nsubj
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 stuck	cop
3	stuck	stuck	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 jam	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 jam	det
6	traffic	traffic	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 jam	compound
7	jam	jam	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stuck	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 stuck	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	We			a traffic jam		stuck property	tree rules

Example 4

Look out for traffic before you cross.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Look	look	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	out	out	ADP	_	1 Look	compound:prt
3	for	for	ADP	_	4 traffic	case
4	traffic	traffic	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Look	obl
5	before	before	SCONJ	_	7 cross	mark
6	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 cross	nsubj
7	cross	cross	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Look	advcl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Look	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	look out	imperative	you not said here					for traffic	vn caring-75.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent for traffic=Theme
2	cross	present	you						vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 5

In the UK traffic drives on the left.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	4 traffic	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 traffic	det
3	UK	UK	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 traffic	compound
4	traffic	traffic	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 drives	nsubj
5	drives	drive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	on	on	ADP	_	8 left	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 left	det
8	left	left	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 drives	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 drives	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drive	present	the UK traffic			the left			vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent

Example 6

In the USA traffic drives on the right.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	4 traffic	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 traffic	det
3	USA	USA	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 traffic	compound
4	traffic	traffic	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 drives	nsubj
5	drives	drive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	on	on	ADP	_	8 right	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 right	det
8	right	right	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 drives	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 drives	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drive	present	the USA traffic			the right			vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent

Example 7

Never play ball near traffic.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	2 play	advmod
2	play	play	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	ball	ball	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 play	obj
4	near	near	ADP	_	5 traffic	case
5	traffic	traffic	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 play	obl
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 play	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not play	imperative	you not said here	ball		traffic			vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Theme

Example 8

Air traffic controllers guide planes.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 traffic	compound
2	traffic	traffic	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 controllers	compound
3	controllers	controller	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 guide	nsubj
4	guide	guide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	planes	plane	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 guide	obj
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 guide	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	guide	present	traffic controllers	planes					vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plane=Theme

Example 9

An old house stood there; it was in the large town with its busy traffic.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 house	det
2	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 house	amod
3	house	house	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 stood	nsubj
4	stood	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 stood	advmod
6	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 town	punct
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 town	nsubj
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 town	cop
9	in	in	ADP	_	12 town	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 town	det
11	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 town	amod
12	town	town	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 stood	obl
13	with	with	ADP	_	16 traffic	case
14	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 traffic	nmod:poss
15	busy	busy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 traffic	amod
16	traffic	traffic	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 town	nmod
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 stood	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stand	past	a old house			there			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is	past	house			the large town		with house's busy traffic	tree rules

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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