tread Who acts: sound, shoe sole, grooves, you, I, We · What happens: walk, step, press down, press, crush, grip · To what, where: something, it, heavy tread, ground, water, legs · Speech: someone speaks here
«tread» in the school dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: tread in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To walk or step on something, often pressing it down.
mark cc conj case obl punct advmod advcl obj compound:prt punct root To PART walk VERB or CCONJ step VERB on ADP something PRON , PUNCT often ADV pressing VERB it PRON down ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 walk mark 2 walk walk VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 step cc 4 step step VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 walk conj 5 on on ADP _ 6 something case 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 step obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 pressing punct 8 often often ADV _ 9 pressing advmod 9 pressing press VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 walk advcl 10 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 pressing obj 11 down down ADP _ 9 pressing compound:prt 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 walk punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 walk to-infinitive vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 step infinitive something vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on something=Trajectory 3 press down gerund it often property vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To press or crush something with your feet.
mark cc conj obj case nmod:poss obl punct root To PART press VERB or CCONJ crush VERB something PRON with ADP your PRON feet NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 press mark 2 press press VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 crush cc 4 crush crush VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 press conj 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 crush obj 6 with with ADP _ 8 feet case 7 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 feet nmod:poss 8 feet foot NOUN Number=Plur 4 crush obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 press punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 press to-infinitive vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent 2 crush infinitive something with your feet vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent something=Patient with foot=Instrument
Meaning 3 Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.
The sound or way someone walks: «a heavy tread».
det nsubj cc conj nsubj punct punct det amod obl punct punct root The DET sound NOUN or CCONJ way NOUN someone PRON walks VERB : PUNCT « PUNCT a DET heavy ADJ tread NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 sound det 2 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 6 walks nsubj 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 way cc 4 way way NOUN Number=Sing 2 sound conj 5 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 walks nsubj 6 walks walk VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 : : PUNCT _ 6 walks punct 8 « « PUNCT _ 11 tread punct 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 tread det 10 heavy heavy ADJ Degree=Pos 11 tread amod 11 tread tread NOUN Number=Sing 6 walks obl 12 » » PUNCT _ 11 tread punct 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 walks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 walk present the sound or way a heavy tread vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 4 Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.
The pattern of grooves on a tyre or shoe sole that grips the ground.
The tree, 14 words det case nmod case det nmod cc compound conj nsubj acl:relcl det obj punct root The DET pattern NOUN of ADP grooves NOUN on ADP a DET tyre NOUN or CCONJ shoe NOUN sole NOUN that PRON grips VERB the DET ground NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 pattern det 2 pattern pattern NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 of of ADP _ 4 grooves case 4 grooves groove NOUN Number=Plur 2 pattern nmod 5 on on ADP _ 7 tyre case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 tyre det 7 tyre tyre NOUN Number=Sing 4 grooves nmod 8 or or CCONJ _ 10 sole cc 9 shoe shoe NOUN Number=Sing 10 sole compound 10 sole sole NOUN Number=Sing 7 tyre conj 11 that that PRON PronType=Rel 12 grips nsubj 12 grips grip VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 sole acl:relcl 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 ground det 14 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 12 grips obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 pattern punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grip present shoe sole the ground vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ground=Experiencer 2 pattern grooves on a tyre or shoe sole nom pattern «cognition intransitive»: of=agent
Meaning 5 Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.
The flat part of a step on a staircase.
det amod case det nmod case det nmod punct root The DET flat ADJ part NOUN of ADP a DET step NOUN on ADP a DET staircase NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 part det 2 flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos 3 part amod 3 part part NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 of of ADP _ 6 step case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 step det 6 step step NOUN Number=Sing 3 part nmod 7 on on ADP _ 9 staircase case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 staircase det 9 staircase staircase NOUN Number=Sing 6 step nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 part punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 6 «Tread water»: to stay upright in water by moving your legs and arms, without swimming forward.
The tree, 16 words punct obj punct punct mark conj xcomp case obl mark advcl nmod:poss obj cc conj punct mark conj advmod punct root « PUNCT Tread VERB water NOUN » PUNCT : PUNCT to PART stay VERB upright ADJ in ADP water NOUN by SCONJ moving VERB your PRON legs NOUN and CCONJ arms NOUN , PUNCT without SCONJ swimming VERB forward ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Tread punct 2 Tread tread VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 water water NOUN Number=Sing 2 Tread obj 4 » » PUNCT _ 2 Tread punct 5 : : PUNCT _ 7 stay punct 6 to to PART _ 7 stay mark 7 stay stay VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 Tread conj 8 upright upright ADJ Degree=Pos 7 stay xcomp 9 in in ADP _ 10 water case 10 water water NOUN Number=Sing 7 stay obl 11 by by SCONJ _ 12 moving mark 12 moving move VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 stay advcl 13 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 14 legs nmod:poss 14 legs leg NOUN Number=Plur 12 moving obj 15 and and CCONJ _ 16 arms cc 16 arms arm NOUN Number=Plur 14 legs conj 17 , , PUNCT _ 19 swimming punct 18 without without SCONJ _ 19 swimming mark 19 swimming swim VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 12 moving conj 20 forward forward ADV _ 19 swimming advmod 21 . . PUNCT _ 2 Tread punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tread in a quote imperative you not said here water vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location water=Theme 2 stay to-infinitive you not said here water upright property vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Location 3 move gerund you not said here your legs and arms vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent leg=Theme 4 swim gerund you not said here forward property vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 Try not to tread on the flowers.
advmod mark xcomp case det obl punct root Try VERB not PART to PART tread VERB on ADP the DET flowers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Try try VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 tread advmod 3 to to PART _ 4 tread mark 4 tread tread VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Try xcomp 5 on on ADP _ 7 flowers case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 flowers det 7 flowers flower NOUN Number=Plur 4 tread obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Try punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 try imperative you not said here vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 2 not tread not said to happen to-infinitive you not said here the flowers vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on flower=Trajectory
Example 2 I trod in a puddle on the way to school.
nsubj case det obl case det obl case nmod punct root I PRON trod VERB in ADP a DET puddle NOUN on ADP the DET way NOUN to ADP school NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 trod nsubj 2 trod tread VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 5 puddle case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 puddle det 5 puddle puddle NOUN Number=Sing 2 trod obl 6 on on ADP _ 8 way case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 way det 8 way way NOUN Number=Sing 2 trod obl 9 to to ADP _ 10 school case 10 school school NOUN Number=Sing 8 way nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 trod punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tread past I a puddle on the way to school vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in puddle=Trajectory
Example 3 We practised treading water in the deep end.
nsubj amod obj case det amod obl punct root We PRON practised VERB treading VERB water NOUN in ADP the DET deep ADJ end NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 practised nsubj 2 practised practise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 treading tread VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 water amod 4 water water NOUN Number=Sing 2 practised obj 5 in in ADP _ 8 end case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 end det 7 deep deep ADJ Degree=Pos 8 end amod 8 end end NOUN Number=Sing 2 practised obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 practised punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 practise past We treading water in the deep end tree rules 2 tread gerund vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 Grapes were once trodden by feet to make juice.
nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod case obl:agent mark advcl obj punct root Grapes NOUN were AUX once ADV trodden VERB by ADP feet NOUN to PART make VERB juice NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grapes grape NOUN Number=Plur 4 trodden nsubj:pass 2 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 trodden aux:pass 3 once once ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 4 trodden advmod 4 trodden tread VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 by by ADP _ 6 feet case 6 feet foot NOUN Number=Plur 4 trodden obl:agent 7 to to PART _ 8 make mark 8 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 trodden advcl 9 juice juice NOUN Number=Sing 8 make obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 trodden punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tread past · passive feet Grapes once property vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location subject=Theme 2 make to-infinitive feet not said here juice vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset juice=Product
Example 5 We heard a heavy tread on the stairs.
nsubj det amod obj case det obl punct root We PRON heard VERB a DET heavy ADJ tread NOUN on ADP the DET stairs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 heard nsubj 2 heard hear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 tread det 4 heavy heavy ADJ Degree=Pos 5 tread amod 5 tread tread NOUN Number=Sing 2 heard obj 6 on on ADP _ 8 stairs case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 stairs det 8 stairs stair NOUN Number=Plur 2 heard obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 heard punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hear past We a heavy tread the stairs vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer tread=Stimulus
Example 6 The tyres had worn tread, so Dad replaced them.
det nsubj:pass aux obj punct advmod nsubj conj obj punct root The DET tyres NOUN had AUX worn VERB tread NOUN , PUNCT so ADV Dad PROPN replaced VERB them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 tyres det 2 tyres tyre NOUN Number=Plur 4 worn nsubj:pass 3 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 worn aux 4 worn wear VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 tread tread NOUN Number=Sing 4 worn obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 replaced punct 7 so so ADV _ 9 replaced advmod 8 Dad Dad PROPN Number=Sing 9 replaced nsubj 9 replaced replace VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 worn conj 10 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 replaced obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 worn punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear past · perfect · passive the tyres tree rules 2 replace past Dad tyres = tyre vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme they=Co-Theme
Example 7 Tread carefully — the ice is thin.
advmod punct det nsubj cop conj punct root Tread VERB carefully ADV — PUNCT the DET ice NOUN is AUX thin ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tread tread VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 carefully carefully ADV _ 1 Tread advmod 3 — - PUNCT _ 7 thin punct 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 ice det 5 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 7 thin nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 thin cop 7 thin thin ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Tread conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Tread punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tread imperative you not said here carefully property vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is present the ice thin property tree rules
Example 8 (informal) I didn't want to tread on anyone's toes by changing the plan.
The tree, 15 words punct discourse punct nsubj aux advmod mark xcomp case nmod:poss case obl mark advcl det obj punct root ( PUNCT informal NUM ) PUNCT I PRON did AUX n't PART want VERB to PART tread VERB on ADP anyone PRON 's PART toes NOUN by SCONJ changing VERB the DET plan NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 informal punct 2 informal informal NUM _ 7 want discourse 3 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 informal punct 4 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 7 want nsubj 5 did do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 want aux 6 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 7 want advmod 7 want want VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 8 to to PART _ 9 tread mark 9 tread tread VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 want xcomp 10 on on ADP _ 13 toes case 11 anyone anyone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 13 toes nmod:poss 12 's 's PART _ 11 anyone case 13 toes toe NOUN Number=Plur 9 tread obl 14 by by SCONJ _ 15 changing mark 15 changing change VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 9 tread advcl 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 plan det 17 plan plan NOUN Number=Sing 15 changing obj 18 . . PUNCT _ 7 want punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not want past · do-support I vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 2 tread not said to happen to-infinitive I not said here anyone's toes vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on toe=Trajectory 3 change gerund I not said here the plan vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plan=Patient
Example 9 "Then follow me," said Ariadne, "and tread softly."
The tree, 8 words punct advmod obj punct punct conj nsubj punct punct cc conj advmod punct punct root " PUNCT Then ADV follow VERB me PRON , PUNCT " PUNCT said VERB Ariadne PROPN , PUNCT " PUNCT and CCONJ tread VERB softly ADV . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 3 follow punct 2 Then then ADV PronType=Dem 3 follow advmod 3 follow follow VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 follow obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 3 follow punct 6 " " PUNCT _ 3 follow punct 7 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 follow conj 8 Ariadne Ariadne PROPN Number=Sing 7 said nsubj 9 , , PUNCT _ 3 follow punct 10 " " PUNCT _ 3 follow punct 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 tread cc 12 tread tread VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 follow conj 13 softly softly ADV _ 12 tread advmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 follow punct 15 " " PUNCT _ 3 follow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 follow in a quote imperative you not said here Ariadne then vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme 2 say speech: assert past Ariadne vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 3 tread in a quote infinitive you not said here softly property vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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