trireme Who acts: trireme, 170 men, It, front, wind, Athenians · What happens: be, row, sit, have, smash, build · To what, where: long fast wooden warship, three rows, bronze ram, front, enemy ships, hundred triremes
«trireme» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: trireme in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A trireme was a long, fast wooden warship of ancient Greece, Phoenicia and Rome, rowed by about 170 men sitting in three rows, one above another.
The tree, 26 words det nsubj cop det amod punct amod amod case amod nmod punct conj cc conj punct acl case advmod nummod obl:agent acl case nummod obl punct appos case nmod punct root A DET trireme NOUN was AUX a DET long ADJ , PUNCT fast ADJ wooden ADJ warship NOUN of ADP ancient ADJ Greece PROPN , PUNCT Phoenicia PROPN and CCONJ Rome PROPN , PUNCT rowed VERB by ADP about ADV 170 NUM men NOUN sitting VERB in ADP three NUM rows NOUN , PUNCT one NUM above ADP another DET . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 trireme det 2 trireme trireme NOUN Number=Sing 9 warship nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 warship cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 warship det 5 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 9 warship amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 long punct 7 fast fast ADJ Degree=Pos 9 warship amod 8 wooden wooden ADJ Degree=Pos 9 warship amod 9 warship warship NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 of of ADP _ 12 Greece case 11 ancient ancient ADJ Degree=Pos 12 Greece amod 12 Greece Greece PROPN Number=Sing 9 warship nmod 13 , , PUNCT _ 14 Phoenicia punct 14 Phoenicia Phoenicia PROPN Number=Sing 12 Greece conj 15 and and CCONJ _ 16 Rome cc 16 Rome Rome PROPN Number=Sing 12 Greece conj 17 , , PUNCT _ 18 rowed punct 18 rowed row VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 warship acl 19 by by ADP _ 22 men case 20 about about ADV _ 21 170 advmod 21 170 170 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 22 men nummod 22 men man NOUN Number=Plur 18 rowed obl:agent 23 sitting sit VERB VerbForm=Ger 22 men acl 24 in in ADP _ 26 rows case 25 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 26 rows nummod 26 rows row NOUN Number=Plur 23 sitting obl 27 , , PUNCT _ 28 one punct 28 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 26 rows appos 29 above above ADP _ 30 another case 30 another another DET PronType=Ind 28 one nmod 31 . . PUNCT _ 9 warship punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past a trireme a long fast wooden warship of ancient Greece and Phoenicia and Rome tree rules 2 row participle a long fast wooden warship not said here vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent 3 sit gerund 170 men not said here three rows vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in row=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 It had a bronze ram at the front for smashing into enemy ships, and a sail for when the wind was good.
The tree, 22 words nsubj det compound obj case det obl mark acl case compound obl punct cc det obl mark mark det nsubj cop acl punct root It PRON had VERB a DET bronze NOUN ram NOUN at ADP the DET front NOUN for SCONJ smashing VERB into ADP enemy NOUN ships NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ a DET sail NOUN for SCONJ when SCONJ the DET wind NOUN was AUX good ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 ram det 4 bronze bronze NOUN Number=Sing 5 ram compound 5 ram ram NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obj 6 at at ADP _ 8 front case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 front det 8 front front NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obl 9 for for SCONJ _ 10 smashing mark 10 smashing smash VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 front acl 11 into into ADP _ 13 ships case 12 enemy enemy NOUN Number=Sing 13 ships compound 13 ships ship NOUN Number=Plur 10 smashing obl 14 , , PUNCT _ 17 sail punct 15 and and CCONJ _ 17 sail cc 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 sail det 17 sail sail NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obl 18 for for SCONJ _ 23 good mark 19 when when SCONJ _ 23 good mark 20 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 21 wind det 21 wind wind NOUN Number=Sing 23 good nsubj 22 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 23 good cop 23 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 17 sail acl 24 . . PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past It a bronze ram the front a sail obl vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ram=Patient 2 smash gerund the front not said here into enemy ships result vn break-45.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Patient into ship=Result 3 is past the wind good property tree rules
Example 1 The Athenians built two hundred triremes to fight the Persians.
det nsubj compound nummod obj mark advcl det obj punct root The DET Athenians PROPN built VERB two NUM hundred NUM triremes NOUN to PART fight VERB the DET Persians PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Athenians det 2 Athenians Athenian PROPN Number=Plur 3 built nsubj 3 built build VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 hundred compound 5 hundred hundred NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 triremes nummod 6 triremes trireme NOUN Number=Plur 3 built obj 7 to to PART _ 8 fight mark 8 fight fight VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 built advcl 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 Persians det 10 Persians Persian PROPN Number=Plur 8 fight obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 built punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 build past the Athenians hundred triremes vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trireme=Product 2 fight to-infinitive the Athenians not said here the Persians vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent persian=Co-Agent
Example 2 A trireme needed about 170 rowers working together.
det nsubj advmod nummod obj acl advmod punct root A DET trireme NOUN needed VERB about ADV 170 NUM rowers NOUN working VERB together ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 trireme det 2 trireme trireme NOUN Number=Sing 3 needed nsubj 3 needed need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 about about ADV _ 5 170 advmod 5 170 170 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 rowers nummod 6 rowers rower NOUN Number=Plur 3 needed obj 7 working work VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 rowers acl 8 together together ADV _ 7 working advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 needed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need past a trireme 170 rowers vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot rower=Theme 2 work together gerund 170 rowers not said here together property vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 3 The trireme's bronze ram could punch a hole in an enemy ship.
det nmod:poss case compound nsubj aux det obj case det compound nmod punct root The DET trireme NOUN 's PART bronze NOUN ram NOUN could AUX punch VERB a DET hole NOUN in ADP an DET enemy NOUN ship NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 trireme det 2 trireme trireme NOUN Number=Sing 5 ram nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 trireme case 4 bronze bronze NOUN Number=Sing 5 ram compound 5 ram ram NOUN Number=Sing 7 punch nsubj 6 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 7 punch aux 7 punch punch VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 hole det 9 hole hole NOUN Number=Sing 7 punch obj 10 in in ADP _ 13 ship case 11 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 ship det 12 enemy enemy NOUN Number=Sing 13 ship compound 13 ship ship NOUN Number=Sing 9 hole nmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 7 punch punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 punch could the trireme's bronze ram a hole a enemy ship vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent hole=Patient in ship=Location
Example 4 In our history book there is a drawing of a trireme with three rows of oars.
The tree, 16 words case nmod:poss compound obl expl det nsubj case det nmod case nummod nmod case nmod punct root In ADP our PRON history NOUN book NOUN there PRON is VERB a DET drawing NOUN of ADP a DET trireme NOUN with ADP three NUM rows NOUN of ADP oars NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 4 book case 2 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 book nmod:poss 3 history history NOUN Number=Sing 4 book compound 4 book book NOUN Number=Sing 6 is obl 5 there there PRON PronType=Dem 6 is expl 6 is be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 drawing det 8 drawing drawing NOUN Number=Sing 6 is nsubj 9 of of ADP _ 11 trireme case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 trireme det 11 trireme trireme NOUN Number=Sing 8 drawing nmod 12 with with ADP _ 14 rows case 13 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 14 rows nummod 14 rows row NOUN Number=Plur 11 trireme nmod 15 of of ADP _ 16 oars case 16 oars oar NOUN Number=Plur 14 rows nmod 17 . . PUNCT _ 6 is punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be present a drawing of a trireme with three rows of oars our history book; there vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in book=Location 2 draw a trireme with three rows of oars nom drawing «communication intransitive»: of=agent
Example 5 The rowers in a trireme had to keep time to the beat of a flute.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj case det nmod mark xcomp obj case det obl case det nmod punct root The DET rowers NOUN in ADP a DET trireme NOUN had VERB to PART keep VERB time NOUN to ADP the DET beat NOUN of ADP a DET flute NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 rowers det 2 rowers rower NOUN Number=Plur 6 had nsubj 3 in in ADP _ 5 trireme case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 trireme det 5 trireme trireme NOUN Number=Sing 2 rowers nmod 6 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 to to PART _ 8 keep mark 8 keep keep VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 had xcomp 9 time time NOUN Number=Sing 8 keep obj 10 to to ADP _ 12 beat case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 beat det 12 beat beat NOUN Number=Sing 8 keep obl 13 of of ADP _ 15 flute case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 flute det 15 flute flute NOUN Number=Sing 12 beat nmod 16 . . PUNCT _ 6 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the rowers in a trireme tree rules 2 keep to-infinitive the rowers in a trireme not said here time to the beat of a flute vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 6 A model trireme stands in the museum near the Greek vases.
det compound nsubj case det obl case det amod obl punct root A DET model NOUN trireme NOUN stands VERB in ADP the DET museum NOUN near ADP the DET Greek ADJ vases NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 trireme det 2 model model NOUN Number=Sing 3 trireme compound 3 trireme trireme NOUN Number=Sing 4 stands nsubj 4 stands stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 in in ADP _ 7 museum case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 museum det 7 museum museum NOUN Number=Sing 4 stands obl 8 near near ADP _ 11 vases case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 vases det 10 Greek Greek ADJ Degree=Pos 11 vases amod 11 vases vas NOUN Number=Plur 4 stands obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 stands punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand present a model trireme the museum near the Greek vases vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in museum=Location
Example 7 We made a trireme out of cardboard and lollipop sticks for our project.
nsubj det obj case case obl cc compound conj case nmod:poss obl punct root We PRON made VERB a DET trireme NOUN out ADP of ADP cardboard NOUN and CCONJ lollipop NOUN sticks NOUN for ADP our PRON project NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 made nsubj 2 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 trireme det 4 trireme trireme NOUN Number=Sing 2 made obj 5 out out ADP _ 7 cardboard case 6 of of ADP _ 7 cardboard case 7 cardboard cardboard NOUN Number=Sing 2 made obl 8 and and CCONJ _ 10 sticks cc 9 lollipop lollipop NOUN Number=Sing 10 sticks compound 10 sticks stick NOUN Number=Plur 7 cardboard conj 11 for for ADP _ 13 project case 12 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 project nmod:poss 13 project project NOUN Number=Sing 2 made obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past We a trireme cardboard and lollipop sticks for our project vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent trireme=Product for project=Asset 2 project our nom project «act transitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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