troposphere Who acts: troposphere, we, weather, clouds, air, you · What happens: be, live, happen, form, get, go · To what, where: lowest layer, troposphere, stratosphere, top, most, atmosphere
«troposphere» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: troposphere in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 The troposphere is the lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere, from the ground up to about 10 to 15 km, where we live and where nearly all weather happens.
The tree, 30 words det nsubj cop det amod case det nmod:poss case nmod punct case det conj case case advmod nummod case nmod nmod punct advmod nsubj parataxis cc advmod advmod det nsubj conj punct root The DET troposphere NOUN is AUX the DET lowest ADJ layer NOUN of ADP the DET Earth PROPN 's PART atmosphere NOUN , PUNCT from ADP the DET ground NOUN up ADP to ADP about ADV 10 NUM to ADP 15 NUM km NOUN , PUNCT where ADV we PRON live VERB and CCONJ where ADV nearly ADV all DET weather NOUN happens VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 troposphere det 2 troposphere troposphere NOUN Number=Sing 6 layer nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 layer cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 layer det 5 lowest low ADJ Degree=Sup 6 layer amod 6 layer layer NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 11 atmosphere case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 Earth det 9 Earth Earth PROPN Number=Sing 11 atmosphere nmod:poss 10 's 's PART _ 9 Earth case 11 atmosphere atmosphere NOUN Number=Sing 6 layer nmod 12 , , PUNCT _ 15 ground punct 13 from from ADP _ 15 ground case 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 ground det 15 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 6 layer conj 16 up up ADP _ 22 km case 17 to to ADP _ 22 km case 18 about about ADV _ 19 10 advmod 19 10 10 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 22 km nummod 20 to to ADP _ 21 15 case 21 15 15 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 19 10 nmod 22 km km NOUN Number=Plur 15 ground nmod 23 , , PUNCT _ 26 live punct 24 where where ADV PronType=Rel 26 live advmod 25 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 26 live nsubj 26 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 22 km parataxis 27 and and CCONJ _ 32 happens cc 28 where where ADV PronType=Rel 29 nearly advmod 29 nearly nearly ADV _ 32 happens advmod 30 all all DET PronType=Tot 31 weather det 31 weather weather NOUN Number=Sing 32 happens nsubj 32 happens happen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 26 live conj 33 . . PUNCT _ 6 layer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the troposphere the lowest layer and the ground up 10 km of the Earth's atmosphere tree rules 2 live present we vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 happen present all weather nearly property vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 We live in the troposphere.
nsubj case det obl punct root We PRON live VERB in ADP the DET troposphere NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 live nsubj 2 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 5 troposphere case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 troposphere det 5 troposphere troposphere NOUN Number=Sing 2 live obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 live punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present We the troposphere vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in troposphere=Location
Example 2 Almost all clouds and weather form in the troposphere.
advmod det nsubj cc conj case det obl punct root Almost ADV all DET clouds NOUN and CCONJ weather NOUN form VERB in ADP the DET troposphere NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Almost almost ADV _ 3 clouds advmod 2 all all DET PronType=Tot 3 clouds det 3 clouds cloud NOUN Number=Plur 6 form nsubj 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 weather cc 5 weather weather NOUN Number=Sing 3 clouds conj 6 form form VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 in in ADP _ 9 troposphere case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 troposphere det 9 troposphere troposphere NOUN Number=Sing 6 form obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 form punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 form present all clouds and weather the troposphere vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in troposphere=Location
Example 3 The air gets colder the higher you go in the troposphere.
det nsubj xcomp det advcl nsubj advcl case det obl punct root The DET air NOUN gets VERB colder ADJ the DET higher ADJ you PRON go VERB in ADP the DET troposphere NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 air det 2 air air NOUN Number=Sing 3 gets nsubj 3 gets get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 colder cold ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 gets xcomp 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 higher det 6 higher high ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 gets advcl 7 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 go nsubj 8 go go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 higher advcl 9 in in ADP _ 11 troposphere case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 troposphere det 11 troposphere troposphere NOUN Number=Sing 8 go obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 gets punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get present the air cold property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer 2 go present you the troposphere vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in troposphere=Location
Example 4 Above the troposphere is the stratosphere.
case det obl cop det punct root Above ADP the DET troposphere NOUN is AUX the DET stratosphere NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Above above ADP _ 3 troposphere case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 troposphere det 3 troposphere troposphere NOUN Number=Sing 6 stratosphere obl 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 stratosphere cop 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 stratosphere det 6 stratosphere stratosphere NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 stratosphere punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the stratosphere the troposphere tree rules
Example 5 Big jets fly near the top of the troposphere.
amod nsubj case det obl case det nmod punct root Big ADJ jets NOUN fly VERB near ADP the DET top NOUN of ADP the DET troposphere NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Big big ADJ Degree=Pos 2 jets amod 2 jets jet NOUN Number=Plur 3 fly nsubj 3 fly fly VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 near near ADP _ 6 top case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 top det 6 top top NOUN Number=Sing 3 fly obl 7 of of ADP _ 9 troposphere case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 troposphere det 9 troposphere troposphere NOUN Number=Sing 6 top nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 fly punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fly present Big jets the top of the troposphere vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme near top=Location
Example 6 The troposphere holds most of the air in the atmosphere.
det nsubj obj case det nmod case det obl punct root The DET troposphere NOUN holds VERB most ADJ of ADP the DET air NOUN in ADP the DET atmosphere NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 troposphere det 2 troposphere troposphere NOUN Number=Sing 3 holds nsubj 3 holds hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 most most ADJ Degree=Sup 3 holds obj 5 of of ADP _ 7 air case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 air det 7 air air NOUN Number=Sing 4 most nmod 8 in in ADP _ 10 atmosphere case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 atmosphere det 10 atmosphere atmosphere NOUN Number=Sing 3 holds obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 holds punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold present the troposphere most of the air the atmosphere vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent most=Theme in atmosphere=Location
Example 7 If the troposphere is 12 km thick, a plane at 10 km is 2 km from its top.
The tree, 18 words mark det nsubj cop nummod obl:unmarked advcl punct det nsubj case nummod nmod cop nummod case nmod:poss nmod punct root If SCONJ the DET troposphere NOUN is AUX 12 NUM km NOUN thick ADJ , PUNCT a DET plane NOUN at ADP 10 NUM km NOUN is AUX 2 NUM km NOUN from ADP its PRON top NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 7 thick mark 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 troposphere det 3 troposphere troposphere NOUN Number=Sing 7 thick nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 thick cop 5 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 km nummod 6 km km NOUN Number=Sing 7 thick obl:unmarked 7 thick thick ADJ Degree=Pos 16 km advcl 8 , , PUNCT _ 7 thick punct 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 plane det 10 plane plane NOUN Number=Sing 16 km nsubj 11 at at ADP _ 13 km case 12 10 10 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 13 km nummod 13 km km NOUN Number=Sing 10 plane nmod 14 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 km cop 15 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 16 km nummod 16 km km NOUN Number=Sing root root 17 from from ADP _ 19 top case 18 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 19 top nmod:poss 19 top top NOUN Number=Sing 16 km nmod 20 . . PUNCT _ 16 km punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a condition, not said to happen present the troposphere 12 km obl:unmarked ; thick property tree rules 2 is a present a plane at 10 km 2 km plane's top tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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