tumour Who acts: cells, tumours, doctor, benign tumour, surgeon, Scientists · What happens: make, grow, be, find, not be, not spread · To what, where: lump, cancer, small tumour, tumour
«tumour» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: tumour in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A lump in the body made of cells that grow when they should not. Some tumours are harmless (benign); some are cancer (malignant).
Sentence 1: A lump in the body made of cells that grow when they should not.
The tree, 14 words det case det nmod acl case obl nsubj acl:relcl advmod nsubj advcl advmod punct root A DET lump NOUN in ADP the DET body NOUN made VERB of ADP cells NOUN that PRON grow VERB when ADV they PRON should AUX not PART . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 lump det 2 lump lump NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 in in ADP _ 5 body case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 body det 5 body body NOUN Number=Sing 2 lump nmod 6 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 lump acl 7 of of ADP _ 8 cells case 8 cells cell NOUN Number=Plur 6 made obl 9 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 grow nsubj 10 grow grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 cells acl:relcl 11 when when ADV PronType=Int 13 should advmod 12 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 should nsubj 13 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 grow advcl 14 not not PART Polarity=Neg 13 should advmod 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 lump punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make participle a lump in the body not said here of cells vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset 2 grow present cells vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Some tumours are harmless (benign); some are cancer (malignant).
The tree, 9 words det nsubj cop punct conj punct punct det cop conj punct appos punct punct root Some DET tumours NOUN are AUX harmless ADJ ( PUNCT benign ADJ ) PUNCT ; PUNCT some DET are AUX cancer NOUN ( PUNCT malignant ADJ ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 tumours det 2 tumours tumour NOUN Number=Plur 4 harmless nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 harmless cop 4 harmless harmless ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 ( ( PUNCT _ 6 benign punct 6 benign benign ADJ Degree=Pos 4 harmless conj 7 ) ) PUNCT _ 6 benign punct 8 ; ; PUNCT _ 11 cancer punct 9 some some DET PronType=Ind 11 cancer det 10 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 cancer cop 11 cancer cancer NOUN Number=Sing 4 harmless conj 12 ( ( PUNCT _ 13 malignant punct 13 malignant malignant ADJ Degree=Pos 11 cancer appos 14 ) ) PUNCT _ 13 malignant punct 15 . . PUNCT _ 4 harmless punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present some tumours harmless property tree rules 2 be some tumours not said here tree rules 3 is a present some tumours not said here some cancer tree rules
Example 1 The doctor found a small tumour.
det nsubj det amod obj punct root The DET doctor NOUN found VERB a DET small ADJ tumour NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 doctor det 2 doctor doctor NOUN Number=Sing 3 found nsubj 3 found find VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 tumour det 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 6 tumour amod 6 tumour tumour NOUN Number=Sing 3 found obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 found punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 find past the doctor a small tumour vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tumour=Topic
Example 2 Not all tumours are cancer.
advmod det nsubj cop punct root Not PART all DET tumours NOUN are AUX cancer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Not not PART Polarity=Neg 5 cancer advmod 2 all all DET PronType=Tot 3 tumours det 3 tumours tumour NOUN Number=Plur 5 cancer nsubj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 cancer cop 5 cancer cancer NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 cancer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not is a present all tumours cancer tree rules
Example 3 A benign tumour does not spread.
det amod nsubj aux advmod punct root A DET benign ADJ tumour NOUN does AUX not PART spread VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 tumour det 2 benign benign ADJ Degree=Pos 3 tumour amod 3 tumour tumour NOUN Number=Sing 6 spread nsubj 4 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 spread aux 5 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 spread advmod 6 spread spread VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 spread punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not spread present · do-support a benign tumour vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 The surgeon removed the tumour.
det nsubj det obj punct root The DET surgeon NOUN removed VERB the DET tumour NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 surgeon det 2 surgeon surgeon NOUN Number=Sing 3 removed nsubj 3 removed remove VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 tumour det 5 tumour tumour NOUN Number=Sing 3 removed obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 removed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 remove past the surgeon the tumour vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tumour=Theme
Example 5 Scientists study why tumours grow.
nsubj advmod nsubj ccomp punct root Scientists NOUN study VERB why ADV tumours NOUN grow VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Scientists scientist NOUN Number=Plur 2 study nsubj 2 study study VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 why why ADV PronType=Int 5 grow advmod 4 tumours tumour NOUN Number=Plur 5 grow nsubj 5 grow grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 study ccomp 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 study punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 study present Scientists vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 grow present tumours vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 Her uncle had a tumour, but he is better now.
nmod:poss nsubj det obj punct cc nsubj cop conj advmod punct root Her PRON uncle NOUN had VERB a DET tumour NOUN , PUNCT but CCONJ he PRON is AUX better ADJ now ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 uncle nmod:poss 2 uncle uncle NOUN Number=Sing 3 had nsubj 3 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 tumour det 5 tumour tumour NOUN Number=Sing 3 had obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 10 better punct 7 but but CCONJ _ 10 better cc 8 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 better nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 better cop 10 better good ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 had conj 11 now now ADV PronType=Dem 10 better advmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past Her uncle a tumour vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tumour=Patient 2 is present uncle now good property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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