turf Who acts: square piece, you, own area, Turf, gardeners, Dad · What happens: cut, lay, make, feel, belong, cover · To what, where: ground, lawn, place, you, someone, dried peat
«turf» in the school dictionary: its 7 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: turf in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Short grass and the layer of soil and roots under it.
amod cc det conj case nmod cc conj case nmod punct root Short ADJ grass NOUN and CCONJ the DET layer NOUN of ADP soil NOUN and CCONJ roots NOUN under ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Short short ADJ Degree=Pos 2 grass amod 2 grass grass NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 and and CCONJ _ 5 layer cc 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 layer det 5 layer layer NOUN Number=Sing 2 grass conj 6 of of ADP _ 7 soil case 7 soil soil NOUN Number=Sing 5 layer nmod 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 roots cc 9 roots root NOUN Number=Plur 7 soil conj 10 under under ADP _ 11 it case 11 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 roots nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 grass punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 2 A square piece of this, cut to lay on the ground to make a lawn.
The tree, 15 words det amod nsubj case nmod punct mark advcl case det obl mark advcl det obj punct root A DET square ADJ piece NOUN of ADP this PRON , PUNCT cut VERB to PART lay VERB on ADP the DET ground NOUN to PART make VERB a DET lawn NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 piece det 2 square square ADJ Degree=Pos 3 piece amod 3 piece piece NOUN Number=Sing 7 cut nsubj 4 of of ADP _ 5 this case 5 this this PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 3 piece nmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 cut punct 7 cut cut VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 8 to to PART _ 9 lay mark 9 lay lay VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 cut advcl 10 on on ADP _ 12 ground case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 ground det 12 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 9 lay obl 13 to to PART _ 14 make mark 14 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 lay advcl 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 lawn det 16 lawn lawn NOUN Number=Sing 14 make obj 17 . . PUNCT _ 7 cut punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cut infinitive a square piece of this vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer 2 lay to-infinitive a square piece of this not said here the ground vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on ground=Destination 3 make to-infinitive a square piece of this not said here a lawn vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset lawn=Product
Meaning 3 Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.
Your own area or place that you feel belongs to you, such as a gang's streets or a team's home ground.
The tree, 23 words nmod:poss amod nsubj cc conj obj nsubj acl:relcl case obl punct case fixed det nmod:poss case obl cc det nmod:poss case compound conj punct root Your PRON own ADJ area NOUN or CCONJ place NOUN that PRON you PRON feel VERB belongs VERB to ADP you PRON , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP a DET gang NOUN 's PART streets NOUN or CCONJ a DET team NOUN 's PART home NOUN ground NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 area nmod:poss 2 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 3 area amod 3 area area NOUN Number=Sing 9 belongs nsubj 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 place cc 5 place place NOUN Number=Sing 3 area conj 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 feel obj 7 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 feel nsubj 8 feel feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 place acl:relcl 9 belongs belong VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 10 to to ADP _ 11 you case 11 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 9 belongs obl 12 , , PUNCT _ 18 streets punct 13 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 18 streets case 14 as as ADP _ 13 such fixed 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 gang det 16 gang gang NOUN Number=Sing 18 streets nmod:poss 17 's 's PART _ 16 gang case 18 streets street NOUN Number=Plur 9 belongs obl 19 or or CCONJ _ 24 ground cc 20 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 team det 21 team team NOUN Number=Sing 24 ground nmod:poss 22 's 's PART _ 21 team case 23 home home NOUN Number=Sing 24 ground compound 24 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 18 streets conj 25 . . PUNCT _ 9 belongs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel present you place vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme 2 belong present Your own area or place you such a gang's streets or a team's home ground vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme
Meaning 4 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To cover ground with turf.
mark obj case obl punct root To PART cover VERB ground NOUN with ADP turf NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 cover mark 2 cover cover VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 2 cover obj 4 with with ADP _ 5 turf case 5 turf turf NOUN Number=Sing 2 cover obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 cover punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cover to-infinitive ground with turf vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent ground=Destination with turf=Theme
Meaning 5 Usage: UK, informal verb — kept apart, not parsed.
«turf out»: to throw someone or something out roughly.
punct compound:prt punct punct mark conj obj cc conj compound:prt advmod punct root « PUNCT turf VERB out ADP » PUNCT : PUNCT to PART throw VERB someone PRON or CCONJ something PRON out ADP roughly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 turf punct 2 turf turf VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 out out ADP _ 2 turf compound:prt 4 » » PUNCT _ 2 turf punct 5 : : PUNCT _ 7 throw punct 6 to to PART _ 7 throw mark 7 throw throw VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 turf conj 8 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 throw obj 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 something cc 10 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 someone conj 11 out out ADP _ 7 throw compound:prt 12 roughly roughly ADV _ 7 throw advmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 turf punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turf out in a quote imperative you not said here vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent 2 throw out to-infinitive you not said here someone roughly property vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme
Meaning 6 Horse racing in general, «the turf».
compound case nmod punct punct det appos punct punct root Horse NOUN racing NOUN in ADP general ADJ , PUNCT « PUNCT the DET turf NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Horse horse NOUN Number=Sing 2 racing compound 2 racing racing NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 in in ADP _ 4 general case 4 general general ADJ Degree=Pos 2 racing nmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 8 turf punct 6 « « PUNCT _ 8 turf punct 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 turf det 8 turf turf NOUN Number=Sing 2 racing appos 9 » » PUNCT _ 8 turf punct 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 racing punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 7 Turf can also mean dried peat cut from a bog and burned as fuel.
The tree, 14 words nsubj aux advmod amod obj acl case det obl cc conj case obl punct root Turf NOUN can AUX also ADV mean VERB dried VERB peat NOUN cut VERB from ADP a DET bog NOUN and CCONJ burned VERB as ADP fuel NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Turf turf NOUN Number=Sing 4 mean nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 mean aux 3 also also ADV _ 4 mean advmod 4 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 dried dry VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 peat amod 6 peat peat NOUN Number=Sing 4 mean obj 7 cut cut VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 peat acl 8 from from ADP _ 10 bog case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 bog det 10 bog bog NOUN Number=Sing 7 cut obl 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 burned cc 12 burned burn VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 cut conj 13 as as ADP _ 14 fuel case 14 fuel fuel NOUN Number=Sing 12 burned obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 4 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can Turf dried peat vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent peat=Topic 2 dry participle vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 3 cut participle dried peat not said here a bog vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from bog=Location 4 burn participle as fuel vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 The gardeners laid fresh turf on the football pitch.
det nsubj amod obj case det compound obl punct root The DET gardeners NOUN laid VERB fresh ADJ turf NOUN on ADP the DET football NOUN pitch NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 gardeners det 2 gardeners gardener NOUN Number=Plur 3 laid nsubj 3 laid lay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 fresh fresh ADJ Degree=Pos 5 turf amod 5 turf turf NOUN Number=Sing 3 laid obj 6 on on ADP _ 9 pitch case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 pitch det 8 football football NOUN Number=Sing 9 pitch compound 9 pitch pitch NOUN Number=Sing 3 laid obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 laid punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lay past the gardeners fresh turf the football pitch vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent turf=Theme on pitch=Destination
Example 2 Dad bought twenty rolls of turf for the back garden.
nsubj nummod obj case nmod case det compound obl punct root Dad NOUN bought VERB twenty NUM rolls NOUN of ADP turf NOUN for ADP the DET back NOUN garden NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 bought nsubj 2 bought buy VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 twenty twenty NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 4 rolls nummod 4 rolls roll NOUN Number=Plur 2 bought obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 turf case 6 turf turf NOUN Number=Sing 4 rolls nmod 7 for for ADP _ 10 garden case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 garden det 9 back back NOUN Number=Sing 10 garden compound 10 garden garden NOUN Number=Sing 2 bought obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 bought punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buy past Dad twenty rolls of turf for the back garden vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent roll=Theme for garden=Beneficiary 2 roll turf nom roll «event transitive»: of=patient
Example 3 The team played well on their home turf.
det nsubj advmod case nmod:poss compound obl punct root The DET team NOUN played VERB well ADV on ADP their PRON home NOUN turf NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 team det 2 team team NOUN Number=Sing 3 played nsubj 3 played play VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 well well ADV Degree=Pos 3 played advmod 5 on on ADP _ 8 turf case 6 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 turf nmod:poss 7 home home NOUN Number=Sing 8 turf compound 8 turf turf NOUN Number=Sing 3 played obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 played punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 play past the team their home turf well property vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 Keep off the new turf until it grows roots.
compound:prt det amod obj mark nsubj advcl obj punct root Keep VERB off ADP the DET new ADJ turf NOUN until SCONJ it PRON grows VERB roots NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Keep keep VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 off off ADP _ 1 Keep compound:prt 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 turf det 4 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 5 turf amod 5 turf turf NOUN Number=Sing 1 Keep obj 6 until until SCONJ _ 8 grows mark 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 grows nsubj 8 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Keep advcl 9 roots root NOUN Number=Plur 8 grows obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Keep punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep off imperative you not said here the new turf vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent turf=Theme 2 grow present turf roots vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location root=Theme
Example 5 The caretaker turfed us out of the hall at five.
det nsubj obj case case det obl case obl punct root The DET caretaker NOUN turfed VERB us PRON out ADP of ADP the DET hall NOUN at ADP five NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 caretaker det 2 caretaker caretaker NOUN Number=Sing 3 turfed nsubj 3 turfed turf VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 turfed obj 5 out out ADP _ 8 hall case 6 of of ADP _ 8 hall case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 hall det 8 hall hall NOUN Number=Sing 3 turfed obl 9 at at ADP _ 10 five case 10 five five NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 turfed obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 turfed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turf past the caretaker us the hall at five vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent we=Destination
Example 6 Two gangs fought a turf war in the film.
nummod nsubj det compound obj case det obl punct root Two NUM gangs NOUN fought VERB a DET turf NOUN war NOUN in ADP the DET film NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 gangs nummod 2 gangs gang NOUN Number=Plur 3 fought nsubj 3 fought fight VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 war det 5 turf turf NOUN Number=Sing 6 war compound 6 war war NOUN Number=Sing 3 fought obj 7 in in ADP _ 9 film case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 film det 9 film film NOUN Number=Sing 3 fought obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 fought punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fight past Two gangs a turf war the film vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent war=Co-Agent
Example 7 Artificial turf does not need mowing.
amod nsubj aux advmod obj punct root Artificial ADJ turf NOUN does AUX not PART need VERB mowing NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Artificial artificial ADJ Degree=Pos 2 turf amod 2 turf turf NOUN Number=Sing 5 need nsubj 3 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 need aux 4 not not PART Polarity=Neg 5 need advmod 5 need need VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 mowing mowing NOUN Number=Sing 5 need obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 5 need punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not need present · do-support Artificial turf mowing vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot mowing=Theme
Example 8 Next day Jack was to go clamp turf on the bog.
amod obl:unmarked appos cop mark compound obj case det obl punct root Next ADJ day NOUN Jack PROPN was AUX to PART go VERB clamp NOUN turf NOUN on ADP the DET bog NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Next next ADJ Degree=Pos 2 day amod 2 day day NOUN Number=Sing 6 go obl:unmarked 3 Jack Jack PROPN Number=Sing 2 day appos 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 go cop 5 to to PART _ 6 go mark 6 go go VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 clamp clamp NOUN Number=Sing 8 turf compound 8 turf turf NOUN Number=Sing 6 go obj 9 on on ADP _ 11 bog case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 bog det 11 bog bog NOUN Number=Sing 6 go obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 go punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the bog day go property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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