twin Who acts: twin, two things, towns, twin brother, Identical twins, hotel room · What happens: be, bear, mean, twin, look, have · To what, where: one, two children, two towns, British use, friends, Emma twins
«twin» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: twin in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A twin is one of two children born to the same mother at the same time.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cop case nummod nmod acl case det amod obl case det amod obl punct root A DET twin NOUN is AUX one NUM of ADP two NUM children NOUN born VERB to ADP the DET same ADJ mother NOUN at ADP the DET same ADJ time NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 twin det 2 twin twin NOUN Number=Sing 4 one nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 one cop 4 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 5 of of ADP _ 7 children case 6 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 children nummod 7 children child NOUN Number=Plur 4 one nmod 8 born bear VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 children acl 9 to to ADP _ 12 mother case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 mother det 11 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 12 mother amod 12 mother mother NOUN Number=Sing 8 born obl 13 at at ADP _ 16 time case 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 time det 15 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 16 time amod 16 time time NOUN Number=Sing 8 born obl 17 . . PUNCT _ 4 one punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a twin one of two children tree rules 2 bear participle two children not said here time to the same mother vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Twin can mean one of a pair of two things that are the same or very alike.
The tree, 17 words nsubj aux obj case det nmod case nummod nmod nsubj cop det acl:relcl cc advmod conj punct root Twin NOUN can AUX mean VERB one NUM of ADP a DET pair NOUN of ADP two NUM things NOUN that PRON are AUX the DET same ADJ or CCONJ very ADV alike ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Twin twin NOUN Number=Sing 3 mean nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 mean aux 3 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 mean obj 5 of of ADP _ 7 pair case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 pair det 7 pair pair NOUN Number=Sing 4 one nmod 8 of of ADP _ 10 things case 9 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 10 things nummod 10 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 7 pair nmod 11 that that PRON PronType=Rel 14 same nsubj 12 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 same cop 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 same det 14 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 10 things acl:relcl 15 or or CCONJ _ 17 alike cc 16 very very ADV _ 17 alike advmod 17 alike alike ADJ Degree=Pos 14 same conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 3 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can Twin one of a pair of two things vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Topic 2 is present two things same property tree rules 3 be two things not said here tree rules
Meaning 3 In British use, two towns are twinned when they are friends and partners with a town in another country.
The tree, 19 words case amod obl punct nummod nsubj aux:pass parataxis nsubj cop parataxis cc conj case det nmod case det nmod punct root In ADP British ADJ use NOUN , PUNCT two NUM towns NOUN are AUX twinned VERB when ADV they PRON are AUX friends NOUN and CCONJ partners NOUN with ADP a DET town NOUN in ADP another DET country NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 use case 2 British British ADJ Degree=Pos 3 use amod 3 use use NOUN Number=Sing 8 twinned obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 use punct 5 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 towns nummod 6 towns town NOUN Number=Plur 8 twinned nsubj 7 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 twinned aux:pass 8 twinned twin VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 9 when when ADV PronType=Int 8 twinned parataxis 10 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 friends nsubj 11 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 friends cop 12 friends friend NOUN Number=Plur 9 when parataxis 13 and and CCONJ _ 14 partners cc 14 partners partner NOUN Number=Plur 12 friends conj 15 with with ADP _ 17 town case 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 town det 17 town town NOUN Number=Sing 12 friends nmod 18 in in ADP _ 20 country case 19 another another DET PronType=Ind 20 country det 20 country country NOUN Number=Sing 17 town nmod 21 . . PUNCT _ 8 twinned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 twin present · passive two towns British use tree rules 2 is a present towns = town friends and partners with a town in another country tree rules
Example 1 Emma and Ella are twins.
compound cc conj cop punct root Emma PROPN and CCONJ Ella PROPN are AUX twins NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Emma Emma PROPN Number=Sing 5 twins compound 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 Ella cc 3 Ella Ella PROPN Number=Sing 1 Emma conj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 twins cop 5 twins twin NOUN Number=Plur root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 twins punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Emma twins tree rules
Example 2 My twin brother is ten minutes older than me.
nmod:poss compound nsubj cop nummod obl:unmarked case obl punct root My PRON twin NOUN brother NOUN is AUX ten NUM minutes NOUN older ADJ than ADP me PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 brother nmod:poss 2 twin twin NOUN Number=Sing 3 brother compound 3 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 7 older nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 older cop 5 ten ten NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 minutes nummod 6 minutes minute NOUN Number=Plur 7 older obl:unmarked 7 older old ADJ Degree=Cmp root root 8 than than ADP _ 9 me case 9 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 7 older obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 older punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present My twin brother minute than me; old property tree rules
Example 3 Identical twins can look almost exactly the same.
amod nsubj aux advmod advmod det xcomp punct root Identical ADJ twins NOUN can AUX look VERB almost ADV exactly ADV the DET same ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Identical identical ADJ Degree=Pos 2 twins amod 2 twins twin NOUN Number=Plur 4 look nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 look aux 4 look look VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 almost almost ADV _ 6 exactly advmod 6 exactly exactly ADV _ 8 same advmod 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 same det 8 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 4 look xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 look punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look can Identical twins same property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Example 4 The hotel room had twin beds.
det compound nsubj compound obj punct root The DET hotel NOUN room NOUN had VERB twin NOUN beds NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 room det 2 hotel hotel NOUN Number=Sing 3 room compound 3 room room NOUN Number=Sing 4 had nsubj 4 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 twin twin NOUN Number=Sing 6 beds compound 6 beds bed NOUN Number=Plur 4 had obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the hotel room twin beds vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bed=Patient
Example 5 Our town is twinned with a town in France.
nmod:poss nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl case nmod punct root Our PRON town NOUN is AUX twinned VERB with ADP a DET town NOUN in ADP France PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 town nmod:poss 2 town town NOUN Number=Sing 4 twinned nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 twinned aux:pass 4 twinned twin VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 with with ADP _ 7 town case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 town det 7 town town NOUN Number=Sing 4 twinned obl 8 in in ADP _ 9 France case 9 France France PROPN Number=Sing 7 town nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 twinned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 twin present · passive Our town with a town in France tree rules
Example 6 The twins are 9, so together their ages add up to 18.
det nsubj cop punct advmod advmod nmod:poss nsubj conj compound:prt case obl punct root The DET twins NOUN are AUX 9 NUM , PUNCT so ADV together ADV their PRON ages NOUN add VERB up ADP to ADP 18 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 twins det 2 twins twin NOUN Number=Plur 4 9 nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 9 cop 4 9 9 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card root root 5 , , PUNCT _ 10 add punct 6 so so ADV _ 10 add advmod 7 together together ADV _ 10 add advmod 8 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 ages nmod:poss 9 ages age NOUN Number=Plur 10 add nsubj 10 add add VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 9 conj 11 up up ADP _ 10 add compound:prt 12 to to ADP _ 13 18 case 13 18 18 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 10 add obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 4 9 punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the twins 9 tree rules 2 add up speech: assert present twins's ages to 18; together property vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle PP»: agent=Patient to 18=Co-Patient
Example 7 The plane has twin engines.
det nsubj compound obj punct root The DET plane NOUN has VERB twin NOUN engines NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 plane det 2 plane plane NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 twin twin NOUN Number=Sing 5 engines compound 5 engines engine NOUN Number=Plur 3 has obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the plane twin engines vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent engine=Patient
Example 8 The first twin came to Peter. “Father, we want to dance.”
Sentence 1: The first twin came to Peter.
det amod nsubj case obl punct root The DET first ADJ twin NOUN came VERB to ADP Peter PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 twin det 2 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 3 twin amod 3 twin twin NOUN Number=Sing 4 came nsubj 4 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 to to ADP _ 6 Peter case 6 Peter Peter PROPN Number=Sing 4 came obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come past the first twin Peter vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to peter=Initial_Location
Sentence 2: “Father, we want to dance.”
punct punct nsubj acl:relcl mark xcomp punct punct root “ PUNCT Father PROPN , PUNCT we PRON want VERB to PART dance VERB . PUNCT ” PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 “ " PUNCT _ 2 Father punct 2 Father Father PROPN Number=Sing root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 want punct 4 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 want nsubj 5 want want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 Father acl:relcl 6 to to PART _ 7 dance mark 7 dance dance VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 want xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 Father punct 9 ” " PUNCT _ 2 Father punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 want in a quote present we Father not said here tree rules 2 dance not said to happen, in a quote to-infinitive Father not said here vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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