universal Who acts: Universal, Something, universal remote, that, Gravity, Dad · What happens: mean, do, belong, work, be, smile · To what, where: idea, universal sign, universal force, Music, universal charger, phones · Speech: someone speaks here
«universal» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: universal in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Universal means true for, done by or belonging to everyone or everything, in every place.
The tree, 15 words nsubj xcomp obl punct parataxis mark cc advcl case obl cc conj punct case det conj punct root Universal ADJ means VERB true ADJ for ADP , PUNCT done VERB by SCONJ or CCONJ belonging VERB to ADP everyone PRON or CCONJ everything PRON , PUNCT in ADP every DET place NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Universal universal ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 true true ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means xcomp 4 for for ADP _ 3 true obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 done punct 6 done do VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 means parataxis 7 by by SCONJ _ 9 belonging mark 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 belonging cc 9 belonging belong VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 6 done advcl 10 to to ADP _ 11 everyone case 11 everyone everyone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 9 belonging obl 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 everything cc 13 everything everything PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 11 everyone conj 14 , , PUNCT _ 17 place punct 15 in in ADP _ 17 place case 16 every every DET PronType=Tot 17 place det 17 place place NOUN Number=Sing 11 everyone conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Universal true property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 2 do participle vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 belong gerund to everyone vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Something universal works in all cases: a universal remote works with any TV.
The tree, 13 words nsubj amod case det obl punct det amod nsubj parataxis case det obl punct root Something PRON universal ADJ works VERB in ADP all DET cases NOUN : PUNCT a DET universal ADJ remote NOUN works VERB with ADP any DET TV NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 works nsubj 2 universal universal ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Something amod 3 works work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 cases case 5 all all DET PronType=Tot 6 cases det 6 cases case NOUN Number=Plur 3 works obl 7 : : PUNCT _ 11 works punct 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 remote det 9 universal universal ADJ Degree=Pos 10 remote amod 10 remote remote NOUN Number=Sing 11 works nsubj 11 works work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 works parataxis 12 with with ADP _ 14 TV case 13 any any DET PronType=Ind 14 TV det 14 TV TV NOUN Number=Sing 11 works obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 3 works punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 work present Something in all cases vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in case=Theme 2 work present a universal remote with any TV vn cooperate-73.1-3 «NP V PP.co-agent PP.theme»: agent=Agent with tv=Co-Agent
Meaning 3 Belonging to the whole universe: universal laws of nature.
case det amod obl punct amod conj case nmod punct root Belonging VERB to ADP the DET whole ADJ universe NOUN : PUNCT universal ADJ laws NOUN of ADP nature NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Belonging belong VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 to to ADP _ 5 universe case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 universe det 4 whole whole ADJ Degree=Pos 5 universe amod 5 universe universe NOUN Number=Sing 1 Belonging obl 6 : : PUNCT _ 8 laws punct 7 universal universal ADJ Degree=Pos 8 laws amod 8 laws law NOUN Number=Plur 5 universe conj 9 of of ADP _ 10 nature case 10 nature nature NOUN Number=Sing 8 laws nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 1 Belonging punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 belong gerund to the whole universe and universal laws of nature vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme
Meaning 4 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
A universal is an idea or quality that is the same everywhere.
det nsubj cop det cc conj nsubj cop det parataxis advmod punct root A DET universal NOUN is AUX an DET idea NOUN or CCONJ quality NOUN that PRON is AUX the DET same ADJ everywhere ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 universal det 2 universal universal NOUN Number=Sing 5 idea nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 idea cop 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 idea det 5 idea idea NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 quality cc 7 quality quality NOUN Number=Sing 5 idea conj 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 11 same nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 same cop 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 same det 11 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 5 idea parataxis 12 everywhere everywhere ADV PronType=Tot 11 same advmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 idea punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a universal a idea or quality tree rules 2 is present that everywhere, same property tree rules
Example 1 Smiling is a universal sign of being happy.
nsubj cop det amod case cop nmod punct root Smiling VERB is AUX a DET universal ADJ sign NOUN of ADP being AUX happy ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Smiling smile VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 sign nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 sign cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 sign det 4 universal universal ADJ Degree=Pos 5 sign amod 5 sign sign NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 8 happy case 7 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 happy cop 8 happy happy ADJ Degree=Pos 5 sign nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 sign punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 smile gerund vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a present a universal sign tree rules 3 is gerund happy property tree rules
Example 2 Gravity is a universal force: it pulls on everything with mass.
nsubj cop det amod punct nsubj parataxis case obl case nmod punct root Gravity NOUN is AUX a DET universal ADJ force NOUN : PUNCT it PRON pulls VERB on ADP everything PRON with ADP mass NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Gravity gravity NOUN Number=Sing 5 force nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 force cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 force det 4 universal universal ADJ Degree=Pos 5 force amod 5 force force NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 : : PUNCT _ 8 pulls punct 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 pulls nsubj 8 pulls pull VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 force parataxis 9 on on ADP _ 10 everything case 10 everything everything PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 8 pulls obl 11 with with ADP _ 12 mass case 12 mass mass NOUN Number=Sing 10 everything nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 force punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Gravity a universal force tree rules 2 pull present Gravity on everything vn push-12-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent on everything=Theme
Example 3 Music is sometimes called a universal language.
nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod det amod xcomp punct root Music NOUN is AUX sometimes ADV called VERB a DET universal ADJ language NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Music music NOUN Number=Sing 4 called nsubj:pass 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 called aux:pass 3 sometimes sometimes ADV PronType=Ind 4 called advmod 4 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 language det 6 universal universal ADJ Degree=Pos 7 language amod 7 language language NOUN Number=Sing 4 called xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 called punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call present · passive Music sometimes property vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Example 4 Dad bought a universal charger that fits all our phones.
nsubj det amod obj nsubj acl:relcl det:predet nmod:poss obj punct root Dad NOUN bought VERB a DET universal ADJ charger NOUN that PRON fits VERB all DET our PRON phones NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 bought nsubj 2 bought buy VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 charger det 4 universal universal ADJ Degree=Pos 5 charger amod 5 charger charger NOUN Number=Sing 2 bought obj 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 fits nsubj 7 fits fit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 charger acl:relcl 8 all all DET PronType=Tot 10 phones det:predet 9 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 phones nmod:poss 10 phones phone NOUN Number=Plur 7 fits obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 bought punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buy past Dad a universal charger vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent charger=Theme 2 fit present a universal charger our phones vn adjust-26.9 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent phone=Patient
Example 5 Every child has the universal right to an education.
det nsubj det amod obj case det nmod punct root Every DET child NOUN has VERB the DET universal ADJ right NOUN to ADP an DET education NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Every every DET PronType=Tot 2 child det 2 child child NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 right det 5 universal universal ADJ Degree=Pos 6 right amod 6 right right NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 7 to to ADP _ 9 education case 8 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 education det 9 education education NOUN Number=Sing 6 right nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present every child the universal right to a education vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent right=Patient
Example 6 Chocolate ice cream is a universal favourite in our class.
compound compound nsubj cop det amod case nmod:poss nmod punct root Chocolate NOUN ice NOUN cream NOUN is AUX a DET universal ADJ favourite NOUN in ADP our PRON class NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Chocolate chocolate NOUN Number=Sing 2 ice compound 2 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 3 cream compound 3 cream cream NOUN Number=Sing 7 favourite nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 favourite cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 favourite det 6 universal universal ADJ Degree=Pos 7 favourite amod 7 favourite favourite NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 in in ADP _ 10 class case 9 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 class nmod:poss 10 class class NOUN Number=Sing 7 favourite nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 favourite punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present ice cream a universal favourite our class tree rules
Example 7 Universal Credit is money from the government that helps some families in the UK.
The tree, 14 words amod nsubj cop case det nmod nsubj parataxis det obj case det obl punct root Universal ADJ Credit NOUN is AUX money NOUN from ADP the DET government NOUN that PRON helps VERB some DET families NOUN in ADP the DET UK PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Universal universal ADJ Degree=Pos 2 Credit amod 2 Credit credit NOUN Number=Sing 4 money nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 money cop 4 money money NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 from from ADP _ 7 government case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 government det 7 government government NOUN Number=Sing 4 money nmod 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 9 helps nsubj 9 helps help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 money parataxis 10 some some DET PronType=Ind 11 families det 11 families family NOUN Number=Plur 9 helps obj 12 in in ADP _ 14 UK case 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 UK det 14 UK UK PROPN Number=Sing 9 helps obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 4 money punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Universal Credit money the government tree rules 2 help present that some families the UK vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent family=Beneficiary
Example 8 Having vastly delighted the assembly, he sat down amidst universal applause.
csubj advmod det obj punct nsubj conj compound:prt case amod obl punct root Having VERB vastly ADV delighted VERB the DET assembly NOUN , PUNCT he PRON sat VERB down ADP amidst ADP universal ADJ applause NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Having have VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 delighted csubj 2 vastly vastly ADV _ 1 Having advmod 3 delighted delight VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 assembly det 5 assembly assembly NOUN Number=Sing 3 delighted obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 sat punct 7 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 sat nsubj 8 sat sit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 delighted conj 9 down down ADP _ 8 sat compound:prt 10 amidst amidst ADP _ 12 applause case 11 universal universal ADJ Degree=Pos 12 applause amod 12 applause applause NOUN Number=Sing 8 sat obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 delighted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have gerund vastly property vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 delight past Having the assembly vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus assembly=Experiencer 3 sit down past he amidst universal applause vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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