upside Who acts: Upside, Bats, You, burglar, 6 upside, He · What happens: mean, be, turn down, sleep down, hold, turn · To what, where: good side, room, upside, map upside, house upside, pancake upside
«upside» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: upside in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 "Upside down" means with the top at the bottom and the bottom at the top.
The tree, 15 words punct compound nsubj punct case det obl case det nmod cc det conj case det nmod punct root " PUNCT Upside NOUN down ADV " PUNCT means VERB with ADP the DET top NOUN at ADP the DET bottom NOUN and CCONJ the DET bottom NOUN at ADP the DET top NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 3 down punct 2 Upside upside NOUN Number=Sing 3 down compound 3 down down ADV _ 5 means nsubj 4 " " PUNCT _ 3 down punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 with with ADP _ 8 top case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 top det 8 top top NOUN Number=Sing 5 means obl 9 at at ADP _ 11 bottom case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 bottom det 11 bottom bottom NOUN Number=Sing 8 top nmod 12 and and CCONJ _ 14 bottom cc 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 bottom det 14 bottom bottom NOUN Number=Sing 8 top conj 15 at at ADP _ 17 top case 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 top det 17 top top NOUN Number=Sing 14 bottom nmod 18 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present with the top at the bottom and the bottom at the top vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 "Upside down" also means in a big mess.
punct nsubj advmod punct advmod case det amod obl punct root " PUNCT Upside NOUN down ADV " PUNCT also ADV means VERB in ADP a DET big ADJ mess NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 2 Upside punct 2 Upside upside NOUN Number=Sing 6 means nsubj 3 down down ADV _ 2 Upside advmod 4 " " PUNCT _ 2 Upside punct 5 also also ADV _ 6 means advmod 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 in in ADP _ 10 mess case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 mess det 9 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 10 mess amod 10 mess mess NOUN Number=Sing 6 means obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Upside in a big mess vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in mess=Attribute
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"The room was turned upside down."
punct det nsubj:pass aux:pass obj advmod punct punct root " PUNCT The DET room NOUN was AUX turned VERB upside NOUN down ADV . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 5 turned punct 2 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 room det 3 room room NOUN Number=Sing 5 turned nsubj:pass 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 turned aux:pass 5 turned turn VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 upside upside NOUN Number=Sing 5 turned obj 7 down down ADV _ 5 turned advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 turned punct 9 " " PUNCT _ 5 turned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn down in a quote past · passive the room down property tree rules
Meaning 3 The upside is the good side of something that is mostly bad.
det nsubj cop det amod case nmod nsubj cop advmod acl:relcl punct root The DET upside NOUN is AUX the DET good ADJ side NOUN of ADP something PRON that PRON is AUX mostly ADV bad ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 upside det 2 upside upside NOUN Number=Sing 6 side nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 side cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 side det 5 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 6 side amod 6 side side NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 8 something case 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 side nmod 9 that that PRON PronType=Rel 12 bad nsubj 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 bad cop 11 mostly mostly ADV _ 12 bad advmod 12 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 8 something acl:relcl 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 side punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the upside the good side of something tree rules 2 is present bad, mostly property tree rules
Example 1 Bats sleep upside down.
nsubj obj advmod punct root Bats NOUN sleep VERB upside NOUN down ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bats bat NOUN Number=Plur 2 sleep nsubj 2 sleep sleep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 upside upside NOUN Number=Sing 2 sleep obj 4 down down ADV _ 2 sleep advmod 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 sleep punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sleep down present Bats upside down property vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent upside=Theme
Example 2 You're holding the map upside down!
nsubj aux det compound obj advmod punct root You PRON 're AUX holding VERB the DET map NOUN upside NOUN down ADV ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 holding nsubj 2 're be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 holding aux 3 holding hold VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 upside det 5 map map NOUN Number=Sing 6 upside compound 6 upside upside NOUN Number=Sing 3 holding obj 7 down down ADV _ 3 holding advmod 8 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 holding punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold present · progressive You the map upside down property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent upside=Theme
Example 3 The burglar turned the house upside down.
det nsubj det compound obj advmod punct root The DET burglar NOUN turned VERB the DET house NOUN upside NOUN down ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 burglar det 2 burglar burglar NOUN Number=Sing 3 turned nsubj 3 turned turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 upside det 5 house house NOUN Number=Sing 6 upside compound 6 upside upside NOUN Number=Sing 3 turned obj 7 down down ADV _ 3 turned advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 turned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn past the burglar the house upside down property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent upside=Theme
Example 4 A 6 upside down looks like a 9.
det nummod nsubj advmod case det obl punct root A DET 6 NUM upside NOUN down ADV looks VERB like ADP a DET 9 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 upside det 2 6 6 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 upside nummod 3 upside upside NOUN Number=Sing 5 looks nsubj 4 down down ADV _ 5 looks advmod 5 looks look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 like like ADP _ 8 9 case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 9 det 8 9 9 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 looks obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 looks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look present a 6 upside like a 9; down property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
Example 5 The upside of rain is that the garden gets watered.
det nsubj:pass case nmod cop mark det nsubj:pass aux:pass punct root The DET upside NOUN of ADP rain NOUN is AUX that SCONJ the DET garden NOUN gets AUX watered VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 upside det 2 upside upside NOUN Number=Sing 10 watered nsubj:pass 3 of of ADP _ 4 rain case 4 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 2 upside nmod 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 watered cop 6 that that SCONJ _ 10 watered mark 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 garden det 8 garden garden NOUN Number=Sing 10 watered nsubj:pass 9 gets get AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 watered aux:pass 10 watered water VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 11 . . PUNCT _ 10 watered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present · passive the upside of rain water property tree rules
Example 6 Flip the pancake upside down.
det compound obj advmod punct root Flip VERB the DET pancake NOUN upside NOUN down ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Flip flip VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 upside det 3 pancake pancake NOUN Number=Sing 4 upside compound 4 upside upside NOUN Number=Sing 1 Flip obj 5 down down ADV _ 1 Flip advmod 6 . . PUNCT _ 1 Flip punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 flip imperative you not said here the pancake upside down property vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent upside=Theme
Example 7 He turned it upside down, but nothing came out, which surprised him very much.
The tree, 14 words nsubj obj advmod advmod punct cc nsubj parataxis advmod punct nsubj conj obj advmod advmod punct root He PRON turned VERB it PRON upside ADV down ADV , PUNCT but CCONJ nothing PRON came VERB out ADV , PUNCT which PRON surprised VERB him PRON very ADV much ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 turned nsubj 2 turned turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 turned obj 4 upside upside ADV _ 5 down advmod 5 down down ADV _ 2 turned advmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 came punct 7 but but CCONJ _ 9 came cc 8 nothing nothing PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 9 came nsubj 9 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 turned parataxis 10 out out ADV _ 9 came advmod 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 surprised punct 12 which which PRON PronType=Rel 13 surprised nsubj 13 surprised surprise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 came conj 14 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 surprised obj 15 very very ADV _ 16 much advmod 16 much much ADV _ 13 surprised advmod 17 . . PUNCT _ 2 turned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn past He it down property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme 2 come out past nothing out property vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient 3 surprise past him = he vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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