vestal

Who acts: vestal, priestess, Vesta, maiden, priestesses · What happens: be, keep, burn, fire, mean, give · To what, where: priestess, ancient Rome, sacred fire, goddess, herself, holy duty · Speech: someone speaks here

«vestal» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 2 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: vestal in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

A vestal, or Vestal Virgin, was a priestess in ancient Rome who kept the sacred fire of the goddess Vesta burning.

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 vestal	det
2	vestal	vestal	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 priestess	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 Virgin	punct
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 Virgin	cc
5	Vestal	vestal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 Virgin	amod
6	Virgin	Virgin	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 vestal	appos
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 vestal	punct
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 priestess	cop
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 priestess	det
10	priestess	priestess	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 Rome	case
12	ancient	ancient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 Rome	amod
13	Rome	Rome	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 priestess	nmod
14	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 kept	nsubj
15	kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 priestess	acl:relcl
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 fire	det
17	sacred	sacred	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 fire	amod
18	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 kept	obj
19	of	of	ADP	_	21 goddess	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 goddess	det
21	goddess	goddess	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 fire	nmod
22	Vesta	Vesta	PROPN	Number=Sing	21 goddess	appos
23	burning	burn	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	22 Vesta	acl
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 priestess	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	is a	past	a vestal	a priestess	ancient Rome	tree rules
2	keep	past	a priestess	the sacred fire of the goddess		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Theme
3	burn	gerund	Vesta not said here			vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	fire			the goddess		nom fire «event transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Vestal means pure, chaste, as of a maiden who has given herself to a holy duty.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Vestal	vestal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 means	nsubj
2	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	pure	pure	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 means	xcomp
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 chaste	punct
5	chaste	chaste	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 pure	conj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 maiden	punct
7	as	as	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	10 maiden	case
8	of	of	ADP	_	7 as	fixed
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 maiden	det
10	maiden	maiden	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 means	parataxis
11	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 given	nsubj
12	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 given	aux
13	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	10 maiden	acl:relcl
14	herself	herself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	13 given	obj
15	to	to	ADP	_	18 duty	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 duty	det
17	holy	holy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 duty	amod
18	duty	duty	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 given	obl
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Vestal					pure property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
2	give	present · perfect	a maiden	herself = she	a holy duty				vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent herself=Theme to duty=Recipient

Example 1

On her altar burned the never-ceasing fire, which was tended by her priestesses, the Vestal Virgins.

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	On	on	ADP	_	3 altar	case
2	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 altar	nmod:poss
3	altar	altar	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 burned	obl
4	burned	burn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 fire	det
6	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	8 ceasing	advmod
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 never	punct
8	ceasing	cease	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 fire	amod
9	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 burned	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 tended	punct
11	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 tended	nsubj:pass
12	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 tended	aux:pass
13	tended	tend	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 fire	acl:relcl
14	by	by	ADP	_	16 priestesses	case
15	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 priestesses	nmod:poss
16	priestesses	priestess	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 tended	obl
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 Virgins	punct
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 Virgins	det
19	Vestal	vestal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 Virgins	amod
20	Virgins	Virgin	PROPN	Number=Plur	16 priestesses	conj
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 burned	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	burn	past		the ceasing fire	her altar	vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent fire=Theme
2	not cease	gerund				vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
3	tend	past · passive	her priestesses and the Vestal Virgins	the ceasing fire		vn caring-75.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Example 2

The priestesses of Vesta, called Vestales or Vestal Virgins, played a conspicuous part in these festivals.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 priestesses	det
2	priestesses	priestess	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 played	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 Vesta	case
4	Vesta	Vesta	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 priestesses	nmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 called	punct
6	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 priestesses	acl
7	Vestales	Vestales	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 called	xcomp
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 Virgins	cc
9	Vestal	vestal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 Virgins	amod
10	Virgins	virgin	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 Vestales	conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 priestesses	punct
12	played	play	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 part	det
14	conspicuous	conspicuous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 part	amod
15	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 played	obj
16	in	in	ADP	_	18 festivals	case
17	these	this	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	18 festivals	det
18	festivals	festival	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 played	obl
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 played	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	call	participle		the priestesses of Vesta not said here					vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	play	past	the priestesses of Vesta	a conspicuous part		this festivals			vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Theme

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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