vice
Who acts: wrong way, tool, you, Greed, Chocolate, hand · What happens: behave, hold, work, be, laugh, clamp · To what, where: something, worst vice, only vice, Mum, wood, vice
«vice» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: vice in the school dictionary.
Meaning 1
A bad habit or a wrong way of behaving.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 habit | det |
| 2 | bad | bad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 habit | amod |
| 3 | habit | habit | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 7 way | cc |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 way | det |
| 6 | wrong | wrong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 way | amod |
| 7 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 habit | conj |
| 8 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 9 behaving | mark |
| 9 | behaving | behave | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 way | acl |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 habit | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | behave | gerund | a wrong way not said here | vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2
Serious crime such as illegal gambling.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Serious | serious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 crime | amod |
| 2 | crime | crime | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 6 gambling | case |
| 4 | as | as | ADP | _ | 3 such | fixed |
| 5 | illegal | illegal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 gambling | amod |
| 6 | gambling | gambling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 crime | nmod |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 crime | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 3
Usage: UK; US «vise» — kept apart, not parsed.
A tool with two jaws that holds something firmly while you work on it.
The tree, 14 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 tool | det |
| 2 | tool | tool | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 holds | nsubj |
| 3 | with | with | ADP | _ | 5 jaws | case |
| 4 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 jaws | nummod |
| 5 | jaws | jaw | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 tool | nmod |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 holds | nsubj |
| 7 | holds | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 7 holds | obj |
| 9 | firmly | firmly | ADV | _ | 7 holds | advmod |
| 10 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 12 work | mark |
| 11 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 12 work | nsubj |
| 12 | work | work | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 holds | advcl |
| 13 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 it | case |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 work | obl |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 holds | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hold | present | a tool with two jaws | something | firmly property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme | |||
| 2 | work | present | you | on tool | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on it=Theme |
Meaning 4
Usage: prefix «vice-» — kept apart, not parsed.
Next in rank below the top person: vice-captain, vice president.
The tree, 11 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Next | next | ADV | _ | 3 rank | advmod |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 3 rank | case |
| 3 | rank | rank | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | below | below | ADP | _ | 7 person | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 person | det |
| 6 | top | top | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 person | amod |
| 7 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 rank | nmod |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 11 captain | punct |
| 9 | vice | vice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 captain | compound |
| 10 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 9 vice | punct |
| 11 | captain | captain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 rank | appos |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 president | punct |
| 13 | vice | vice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 president | compound |
| 14 | president | president | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 captain | conj |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 rank | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1
Greed was the king's worst vice.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Greed | greed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 vice | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 vice | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 king | det |
| 4 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 vice | nmod:poss |
| 5 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 4 king | case |
| 6 | worst | bad | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 7 vice | amod |
| 7 | vice | vice | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 vice | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | Greed | the king's worst vice | tree rules |
Example 2
Chocolate is my only vice, laughed Mum.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chocolate | chocolate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 vice | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 vice | cop |
| 3 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 vice | nmod:poss |
| 4 | only | only | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 vice | amod |
| 5 | vice | vice | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 laughed | punct |
| 7 | laughed | laugh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 vice | conj |
| 8 | Mum | mum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 laughed | obj |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 vice | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Chocolate | my only vice | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | laugh | past | Chocolate not said here | Mum | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mum=Theme |
Example 3
Clamp the wood in the vice before you saw it.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Clamp | clamp | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 wood | det |
| 3 | wood | wood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Clamp | obj |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 vice | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 vice | det |
| 6 | vice | vice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Clamp | obl |
| 7 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 9 saw | mark |
| 8 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 9 saw | nsubj |
| 9 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 1 Clamp | advcl |
| 10 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 saw | obj |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Clamp | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | clamp | imperative | you not said here | the wood | the vice | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wood=Patient | |||
| 2 | see | past | you | wood | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
Example 4
She was chosen as vice-captain of the netball team.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 chosen | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 chosen | aux:pass |
| 3 | chosen | choose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | as | as | ADP | _ | 7 captain | case |
| 5 | vice | vice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 captain | compound |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 vice | punct |
| 7 | captain | captain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 chosen | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 team | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 team | det |
| 10 | netball | netball | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 team | compound |
| 11 | team | team | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 captain | nmod |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 chosen | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | choose | past · passive | She | as vice captain of the netball team | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
Example 5
His hand gripped mine like a vice.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 hand | nmod:poss |
| 2 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 gripped | nsubj |
| 3 | gripped | grip | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | mine | my | PRON | Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 gripped | obj |
| 5 | like | like | ADP | _ | 7 vice | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 vice | det |
| 7 | vice | vice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 gripped | obl |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 gripped | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grip | past | His hand | mine | like a vice | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent my=Experiencer |
Example 6
The vice-principal took the assembly today.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 principal | det |
| 2 | vice | vice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 principal | compound |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 vice | punct |
| 4 | principal | principal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 took | nsubj |
| 5 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 assembly | det |
| 7 | assembly | assembly | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 took | obj |
| 8 | today | today | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 took | obl:unmarked |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 took | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | the vice principal | the assembly | today | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent assembly=Theme |
Example 7
He is a great teacher, a corrector of morals, a censor of vice, and a commender of virtue.
The tree, 18 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 teacher | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 teacher | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 teacher | det |
| 4 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 teacher | amod |
| 5 | teacher | teacher | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 corrector | punct |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 corrector | det |
| 8 | corrector | corrector | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 teacher | conj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 morals | case |
| 10 | morals | moral | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 corrector | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 censor | punct |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 censor | det |
| 13 | censor | censor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 teacher | conj |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 vice | case |
| 15 | vice | vice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 censor | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 commender | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 commender | cc |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 commender | det |
| 19 | commender | commender | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 teacher | conj |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 virtue | case |
| 21 | virtue | virtue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 commender | nmod |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 teacher | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | He | a great teacher and a corrector of morals and a censor of vice and a commender of virtue | tree rules |
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/V/vice/