viola Who acts: viola, Shakespeare, I, Viola players, We · What happens: be, play, hold, name, sound, read · To what, where: string instrument, viola, chin, small garden flower, name, school orchestra
«viola» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: viola in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A viola is a string instrument like a violin but a little bigger, with a deeper, warmer sound; it is played with a bow and held under the chin.
The tree, 29 words det nsubj cop det compound case det nmod cc det obl:unmarked conj punct case det amod punct amod obl punct nsubj:pass aux:pass parataxis case det obl cc conj case det obl punct root A DET viola NOUN is AUX a DET string NOUN instrument NOUN like ADP a DET violin NOUN but CCONJ a DET little ADJ bigger ADJ , PUNCT with ADP a DET deeper ADJ , PUNCT warmer ADJ sound NOUN ; PUNCT it PRON is AUX played VERB with ADP a DET bow NOUN and CCONJ held VERB under ADP the DET chin NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 viola det 2 viola viola NOUN Number=Sing 6 instrument nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 instrument cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 instrument det 5 string string NOUN Number=Sing 6 instrument compound 6 instrument instrument NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 like like ADP _ 9 violin case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 violin det 9 violin violin NOUN Number=Sing 6 instrument nmod 10 but but CCONJ _ 13 bigger cc 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 little det 12 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 13 bigger obl:unmarked 13 bigger big ADJ Degree=Cmp 9 violin conj 14 , , PUNCT _ 20 sound punct 15 with with ADP _ 20 sound case 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 sound det 17 deeper deep ADJ Degree=Cmp 20 sound amod 18 , , PUNCT _ 17 deeper punct 19 warmer warm ADJ Degree=Cmp 20 sound amod 20 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 13 bigger obl 21 ; ; PUNCT _ 24 played punct 22 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 24 played nsubj:pass 23 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 24 played aux:pass 24 played play VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 instrument parataxis 25 with with ADP _ 27 bow case 26 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 27 bow det 27 bow bow NOUN Number=Sing 24 played obl 28 and and CCONJ _ 29 held cc 29 held hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 24 played conj 30 under under ADP _ 32 chin case 31 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 32 chin det 32 chin chin NOUN Number=Sing 29 held obl 33 . . PUNCT _ 6 instrument punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a viola a string instrument like a violin tree rules 2 play present · passive viola with a bow vn play-114.2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-agent»: subject=Theme with bow=Co-Agent 3 hold past the chin vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under chin=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A viola is also a small garden flower, like a little pansy.
det nsubj cop advmod det amod compound punct case det amod conj punct root A DET viola NOUN is AUX also ADV a DET small ADJ garden NOUN flower NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET little ADJ pansy NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 viola det 2 viola viola NOUN Number=Sing 8 flower nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 flower cop 4 also also ADV _ 8 flower advmod 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 flower det 6 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 8 flower amod 7 garden garden NOUN Number=Sing 8 flower compound 8 flower flower NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 , , PUNCT _ 13 pansy punct 10 like like ADP _ 13 pansy case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 pansy det 12 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 13 pansy amod 13 pansy pansy NOUN Number=Sing 8 flower conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 8 flower punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a viola a small garden flower and a little pansy tree rules
Meaning 3 Viola is a girl's name, as in Shakespeare's «Twelfth Night» (a name).
The tree, 14 words nsubj cop det nmod:poss case punct mark case nmod:poss case punct amod nsubj punct punct det appos punct punct root Viola PROPN is AUX a DET girl NOUN 's PART name NOUN , PUNCT as SCONJ in ADP Shakespeare PROPN 's PART « PUNCT Twelfth ADJ Night PROPN » PUNCT ( PUNCT a DET name NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Viola Viola PROPN Number=Sing 6 name nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 name cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 girl det 4 girl girl NOUN Number=Sing 6 name nmod:poss 5 's 's PART _ 4 girl case 6 name name NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 18 name punct 8 as as SCONJ _ 18 name mark 9 in in ADP _ 18 name case 10 Shakespeare Shakespeare PROPN Number=Sing 18 name nmod:poss 11 's 's PART _ 10 Shakespeare case 12 « « PUNCT _ 14 Night punct 13 Twelfth twelfth ADJ Degree=Pos 14 Night amod 14 Night Night PROPN Number=Sing 18 name nsubj 15 » » PUNCT _ 14 Night punct 16 ( ( PUNCT _ 18 name punct 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 name det 18 name name NOUN Number=Sing 6 name appos 19 ) ) PUNCT _ 18 name punct 20 . . PUNCT _ 6 name punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Viola a girl's name tree rules 2 name Shakespeare nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 1 I play the viola in the school orchestra.
nsubj det obj case det compound obl punct root I PRON play VERB the DET viola NOUN in ADP the DET school NOUN orchestra NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 play nsubj 2 play play VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 viola det 4 viola viola NOUN Number=Sing 2 play obj 5 in in ADP _ 8 orchestra case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 orchestra det 7 school school NOUN Number=Sing 8 orchestra compound 8 orchestra orchestra NOUN Number=Sing 2 play obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 play punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 play present I the viola the school orchestra vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent viola=Theme
Example 2 The viola is a bit bigger than the violin and sounds deeper.
det nsubj cop det obl:unmarked case det obl cc conj xcomp punct root The DET viola NOUN is AUX a DET bit NOUN bigger ADJ than ADP the DET violin NOUN and CCONJ sounds VERB deeper ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 viola det 2 viola viola NOUN Number=Sing 6 bigger nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 bigger cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 bit det 5 bit bit NOUN Number=Sing 6 bigger obl:unmarked 6 bigger big ADJ Degree=Cmp root root 7 than than ADP _ 9 violin case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 violin det 9 violin violin NOUN Number=Sing 6 bigger obl 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 sounds cc 11 sounds sound VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 bigger conj 12 deeper deep ADJ Degree=Cmp 11 sounds xcomp 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 bigger punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the viola than the violin; a bit obl:unmarked ; big property tree rules 2 sound present the viola not said here deep property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Example 3 Viola players read music in the alto clef.
compound nsubj obj case det compound obl punct root Viola PROPN players NOUN read VERB music NOUN in ADP the DET alto NOUN clef NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Viola Viola PROPN Number=Sing 2 players compound 2 players player NOUN Number=Plur 3 read nsubj 3 read read VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 music music NOUN Number=Sing 3 read obj 5 in in ADP _ 8 clef case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 clef det 7 alto alto NOUN Number=Sing 8 clef compound 8 clef clef NOUN Number=Sing 3 read obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 read punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read past Viola players music the alto clef vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent music=Topic
Example 4 We planted purple violas in the school garden.
nsubj amod obj case det compound obl punct root We PRON planted VERB purple ADJ violas NOUN in ADP the DET school NOUN garden NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 planted nsubj 2 planted plant VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 purple purple ADJ Degree=Pos 4 violas amod 4 violas viola NOUN Number=Plur 2 planted obj 5 in in ADP _ 8 garden case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 garden det 7 school school NOUN Number=Sing 8 garden compound 8 garden garden NOUN Number=Sing 2 planted obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 planted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 plant past We purple violas the school garden vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent viola=Theme in garden=Destination
Example 5 In the string family, the viola sits between the violin and the cello.
The tree, 13 words case det compound obl punct det nsubj case det obl cc det conj punct root In ADP the DET string NOUN family NOUN , PUNCT the DET viola NOUN sits VERB between ADP the DET violin NOUN and CCONJ the DET cello NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 4 family case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 family det 3 string string NOUN Number=Sing 4 family compound 4 family family NOUN Number=Sing 8 sits obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 family punct 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 viola det 7 viola viola NOUN Number=Sing 8 sits nsubj 8 sits sit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 between between ADP _ 11 violin case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 violin det 11 violin violin NOUN Number=Sing 8 sits obl 12 and and CCONJ _ 14 cello cc 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 cello det 14 cello cello NOUN Number=Sing 11 violin conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 8 sits punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sit present the viola the string family between the violin and the cello vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in family=Location
Example 6 Viola is the heroine of a play by Shakespeare.
nsubj cop det case det nmod case nmod punct root Viola PROPN is AUX the DET heroine NOUN of ADP a DET play NOUN by ADP Shakespeare PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Viola Viola PROPN Number=Sing 4 heroine nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 heroine cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 heroine det 4 heroine heroine NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 7 play case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 play det 7 play play NOUN Number=Sing 4 heroine nmod 8 by by ADP _ 9 Shakespeare case 9 Shakespeare Shakespeare PROPN Number=Sing 7 play nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 heroine punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Viola the heroine of a play by Shakespeare tree rules 2 play Shakespeare nom play «communication intransitive»: by=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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