voice Who acts: voice, you, Having, She, I, He · What happens: be, make, speak, sing, have, mean · To what, where: sound, voice, right, opinion, beautiful singing voice, inside voice · Speech: someone speaks here
«voice» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: voice in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Your voice is the sound you make when you speak or sing.
nmod:poss nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl mark nsubj advcl cc conj punct root Your PRON voice NOUN is AUX the DET sound NOUN you PRON make VERB when SCONJ you PRON speak VERB or CCONJ sing VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 voice nmod:poss 2 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 5 sound nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 sound cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 sound det 5 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 make nsubj 7 make make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 sound acl:relcl 8 when when SCONJ _ 10 speak mark 9 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 speak nsubj 10 speak speak VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 make advcl 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 sing cc 12 sing sing VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 speak conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 sound punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Your voice the sound tree rules 2 make present you the sound not said here vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Product 3 speak speech: other present you vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 sing speech: express present you not said here vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A voice can be loud, quiet, high, low, kind or angry.
The tree, 11 words det nsubj aux cop punct conj punct conj punct conj punct parataxis cc conj punct root A DET voice NOUN can AUX be AUX loud ADJ , PUNCT quiet ADJ , PUNCT high ADJ , PUNCT low ADJ , PUNCT kind ADJ or CCONJ angry ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 voice det 2 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 5 loud nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 loud aux 4 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 5 loud cop 5 loud loud ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 quiet punct 7 quiet quiet ADJ Degree=Pos 5 loud conj 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 high punct 9 high high ADJ Degree=Pos 5 loud conj 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 low punct 11 low low ADJ Degree=Pos 9 high conj 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 kind punct 13 kind kind ADJ Degree=Pos 5 loud parataxis 14 or or CCONJ _ 15 angry cc 15 angry angry ADJ Degree=Pos 13 kind conj 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 loud punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is can a voice loud property tree rules 2 be a voice not said here tree rules 3 be a voice not said here tree rules
Meaning 3 Having a voice means having the right to say what you think.
csubj det obj xcomp det obj mark acl obj nsubj ccomp punct root Having VERB a DET voice NOUN means VERB having VERB the DET right NOUN to PART say VERB what PRON you PRON think VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Having have VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 means csubj 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 voice det 3 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 1 Having obj 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 having have VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 means xcomp 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 right det 7 right right NOUN Number=Sing 5 having obj 8 to to PART _ 9 say mark 9 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 right acl 10 what what PRON PronType=Int 12 think obj 11 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 12 think nsubj 12 think think VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 say ccomp 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have gerund a voice vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent voice=Patient 2 mean present Having vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 have not said to happen gerund Having not said here the right vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent right=Patient 4 say speech: assert to-infinitive Having not said here the right not said here vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 5 think speech: other present you vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot what=Theme
Meaning 4 To voice an opinion means to say it.
mark nsubj det obj mark xcomp obj punct root To PART voice NOUN an DET opinion NOUN means VERB to PART say VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 voice mark 2 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 opinion det 4 opinion opinion NOUN Number=Sing 2 voice obj 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 to to PART _ 7 say mark 7 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 means xcomp 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 say obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present voice vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 say speech: assert not said to happen to-infinitive voice not said here opinion vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent it=Topic
Example 1 She has a beautiful singing voice.
nsubj det amod compound obj punct root She PRON has VERB a DET beautiful ADJ singing NOUN voice NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 voice det 4 beautiful beautiful ADJ Degree=Pos 6 voice amod 5 singing singing NOUN Number=Sing 6 voice compound 6 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 2 has obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present She a beautiful singing voice vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent voice=Patient
Example 2 Please use your inside voice in the library.
discourse nmod:poss compound obj case det obl punct root Please INTJ use VERB your PRON inside NOUN voice NOUN in ADP the DET library NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Please please INTJ _ 2 use discourse 2 use use VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 voice nmod:poss 4 inside inside NOUN Number=Sing 5 voice compound 5 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 2 use obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 library case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 library det 8 library library NOUN Number=Sing 2 use obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use imperative you not said here your inside voice the library vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent voice=Patient
Example 3 I lost my voice because I had a sore throat.
nsubj nmod:poss obj mark nsubj advcl det amod obj punct root I PRON lost VERB my PRON voice NOUN because SCONJ I PRON had VERB a DET sore ADJ throat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 lost nsubj 2 lost lose VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 voice nmod:poss 4 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 2 lost obj 5 because because SCONJ _ 7 had mark 6 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 7 had nsubj 7 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 lost advcl 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 throat det 9 sore sore ADJ Degree=Pos 10 throat amod 10 throat throat NOUN Number=Sing 7 had obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 lost punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lose past I my voice vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent voice=Eventuality 2 have past I a sore throat vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent throat=Patient
Example 4 He spoke in a shaking voice because he was scared.
nsubj case det compound obl mark nsubj cop advcl punct root He PRON spoke VERB in ADP a DET shaking NOUN voice NOUN because SCONJ he PRON was AUX scared ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 spoke nsubj 2 spoke speak VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 6 voice case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 voice det 5 shaking shaking NOUN Number=Sing 6 voice compound 6 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 2 spoke obl 7 because because SCONJ _ 10 scared mark 8 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 scared nsubj 9 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 scared cop 10 scared scared ADJ Degree=Pos 2 spoke advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 spoke punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 speak speech: other past He a shaking voice vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is past he scared property tree rules
Example 5 Don't raise your voice at your sister.
aux advmod nmod:poss obj case nmod:poss obl punct root Do AUX n't PART raise VERB your PRON voice NOUN at ADP your PRON sister NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 raise aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 raise advmod 3 raise raise VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 voice nmod:poss 5 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 3 raise obj 6 at at ADP _ 8 sister case 7 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 sister nmod:poss 8 sister sister NOUN Number=Sing 3 raise obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 raise punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not raise imperative · do-support you not said here your voice at your sister vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent voice=Theme at sister=Destination
Example 6 I recognised Grandma's voice on the phone.
nsubj nmod:poss case obj case det obl punct root I PRON recognised VERB Grandma PROPN 's PART voice NOUN on ADP the DET phone NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 recognised nsubj 2 recognised recognise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 Grandma Grandma PROPN Number=Sing 5 voice nmod:poss 4 's 's PART _ 3 Grandma case 5 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 2 recognised obj 6 on on ADP _ 8 phone case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 phone det 8 phone phone NOUN Number=Sing 2 recognised obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 recognised punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 recognise past I Grandma's voice the phone vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer voice=Stimulus
Example 7 Every pupil should have a voice in the class rules.
det nsubj aux det obj case det compound obl punct root Every DET pupil NOUN should AUX have VERB a DET voice NOUN in ADP the DET class NOUN rules NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Every every DET PronType=Tot 2 pupil det 2 pupil pupil NOUN Number=Sing 4 have nsubj 3 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 have aux 4 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 voice det 6 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 4 have obj 7 in in ADP _ 10 rules case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 rules det 9 class class NOUN Number=Sing 10 rules compound 10 rules rule NOUN Number=Plur 4 have obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have should every pupil a voice the class rules vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent voice=Patient
Example 8 Your voice comes from your vocal cords vibrating.
nmod:poss nsubj case nmod:poss amod obl acl punct root Your PRON voice NOUN comes VERB from ADP your PRON vocal ADJ cords NOUN vibrating VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 voice nmod:poss 2 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 3 comes nsubj 3 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 from from ADP _ 7 cords case 5 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 cords nmod:poss 6 vocal vocal ADJ Degree=Pos 7 cords amod 7 cords cord NOUN Number=Plur 3 comes obl 8 vibrating vibrate VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 cords acl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 comes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come present Your voice your vocal cords vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from cord=Initial_Location 2 vibrate gerund your vocal cords not said here vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 9 “Boat ahoy!” again came the voice.
punct compound nsubj punct punct advmod det nsubj punct root “ PUNCT Boat NOUN ahoy NOUN ! PUNCT ” PUNCT again ADV came VERB the DET voice NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 “ " PUNCT _ 3 ahoy punct 2 Boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 3 ahoy compound 3 ahoy ahoy NOUN Number=Sing 7 came nsubj 4 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 ahoy punct 5 ” " PUNCT _ 3 ahoy punct 6 again again ADV _ 7 came advmod 7 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 voice det 9 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 7 came nsubj 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come past Boat ahoy again vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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