waif Who acts: waif, nobody, kind woman, Victorian cities, many waifs, Waifs · What happens: neglect, be, care, look, take, have · To what, where: neglected child, thin looking person, little waif, many waifs, streets, lost children
«waif» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: waif in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A waif is a homeless, neglected child or animal, often thin and with nobody to care for it.
The tree, 18 words det nsubj cop det compound punct amod cc conj punct advmod acl:relcl cc mark nsubj mark conj case obl punct root A DET waif NOUN is AUX a DET homeless ADJ , PUNCT neglected VERB child NOUN or CCONJ animal NOUN , PUNCT often ADV thin ADJ and CCONJ with SCONJ nobody PRON to PART care VERB for ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 waif det 2 waif waif NOUN Number=Sing 8 child nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 child cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 child det 5 homeless homeless ADJ Degree=Pos 7 neglected compound 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 homeless punct 7 neglected neglect VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 child amod 8 child child NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 animal cc 10 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 8 child conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 thin punct 12 often often ADV _ 13 thin advmod 13 thin thin ADJ Degree=Pos 8 child acl:relcl 14 and and CCONJ _ 18 care cc 15 with with SCONJ _ 18 care mark 16 nobody nobody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 18 care nsubj 17 to to PART _ 18 care mark 18 care care VERB VerbForm=Inf 13 thin conj 19 for for ADP _ 20 it case 20 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 18 care obl 21 . . PUNCT _ 8 child punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 neglect participle vn neglect-75.1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent 2 is a present a waif a neglected child or animal tree rules 3 care to-infinitive nobody for waif vn caring-75.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent for it=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.
A waif is a very thin, pale, delicate-looking person.
det nsubj cop det advmod amod punct conj punct compound punct amod punct root A DET waif NOUN is AUX a DET very ADV thin ADJ , PUNCT pale ADJ , PUNCT delicate ADJ - PUNCT looking VERB person NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 waif det 2 waif waif NOUN Number=Sing 13 person nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 person cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 person det 5 very very ADV _ 6 thin advmod 6 thin thin ADJ Degree=Pos 13 person amod 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 pale punct 8 pale pale ADJ Degree=Pos 6 thin conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 6 thin punct 10 delicate delicate ADJ Degree=Pos 12 looking compound 11 - - PUNCT _ 10 delicate punct 12 looking look VERB VerbForm=Ger 13 person amod 13 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 14 . . PUNCT _ 13 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look gerund vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus 2 is a present a waif a thin looking person tree rules
Example 1 The kind woman took in the little waif.
det amod nsubj case det amod obl punct root The DET kind ADJ woman NOUN took VERB in ADP the DET little ADJ waif NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 woman det 2 kind kind ADJ Degree=Pos 3 woman amod 3 woman woman NOUN Number=Sing 4 took nsubj 4 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 in in ADP _ 8 waif case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 waif det 7 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 8 waif amod 8 waif waif NOUN Number=Sing 4 took obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take past the kind woman the little waif vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in waif=Location
Example 2 Victorian cities had many waifs living on the streets.
amod nsubj amod obj acl case det obl punct root Victorian ADJ cities NOUN had VERB many ADJ waifs NOUN living VERB on ADP the DET streets NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Victorian victorian ADJ Degree=Pos 2 cities amod 2 cities city NOUN Number=Plur 3 had nsubj 3 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 5 waifs amod 5 waifs waif NOUN Number=Plur 3 had obj 6 living live VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 waifs acl 7 on on ADP _ 9 streets case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 streets det 9 streets street NOUN Number=Plur 6 living obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past Victorian cities many waifs vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent waif=Patient 2 live gerund many waifs not said here the streets vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on street=Location
Example 3 «Waifs and strays» are lost children or animals.
punct nsubj cc conj punct cop amod cc conj punct root « PUNCT Waifs NOUN and CCONJ strays NOUN » PUNCT are AUX lost VERB children NOUN or CCONJ animals NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Waifs punct 2 Waifs waif NOUN Number=Plur 8 children nsubj 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 strays cc 4 strays stray NOUN Number=Plur 2 Waifs conj 5 » » PUNCT _ 2 Waifs punct 6 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 children cop 7 lost lose VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 children amod 8 children child NOUN Number=Plur root root 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 animals cc 10 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 8 children conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 children punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lose participle vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a present Waifs and strays lost children or animals tree rules
Example 4 The kitten was a thin little waif when we found it.
det nsubj cop det amod amod advmod nsubj advcl obj punct root The DET kitten NOUN was AUX a DET thin ADJ little ADJ waif NOUN when ADV we PRON found VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 kitten det 2 kitten kitten NOUN Number=Sing 7 waif nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 waif cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 waif det 5 thin thin ADJ Degree=Pos 7 waif amod 6 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 7 waif amod 7 waif waif NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 when when ADV PronType=Int 10 found advmod 9 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 10 found nsubj 10 found find VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 waif advcl 11 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 found obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 waif punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past the kitten a thin little waif tree rules 2 find past we kitten vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic
Example 5 The story is about a waif who finds a home.
det nsubj cop case det nsubj acl:relcl det obj punct root The DET story NOUN is AUX about ADP a DET waif NOUN who PRON finds VERB a DET home NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 story det 2 story story NOUN Number=Sing 6 waif nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 waif cop 4 about about ADP _ 6 waif case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 waif det 6 waif waif NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 who who PRON PronType=Rel 8 finds nsubj 8 finds find VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 waif acl:relcl 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 home det 10 home home NOUN Number=Sing 8 finds obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 waif punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the story about a waif tree rules 2 find present a waif a home vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent home=Topic
Example 6 She looked like a waif in her big coat.
nsubj case det obl case nmod:poss amod obl punct root She PRON looked VERB like ADP a DET waif NOUN in ADP her PRON big ADJ coat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 looked nsubj 2 looked look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 like like ADP _ 5 waif case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 waif det 5 waif waif NOUN Number=Sing 2 looked obl 6 in in ADP _ 9 coat case 7 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 coat nmod:poss 8 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 9 coat amod 9 coat coat NOUN Number=Sing 2 looked obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 looked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look past She like a waif; in her big coat vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in coat=Theme
Example 7 He then carried him to the king, his master, who, pitying the poor little waif, enlisted for him the kind offices of his wife, Merope.
The tree, 25 words nsubj advmod obj case det obl punct nmod:poss appos punct nsubj punct acl:relcl det amod amod obj punct conj case obl det amod obj case nmod:poss nmod punct appos punct root He PRON then ADV carried VERB him PRON to ADP the DET king NOUN , PUNCT his PRON master NOUN , PUNCT who PRON , PUNCT pitying VERB the DET poor ADJ little ADJ waif NOUN , PUNCT enlisted VERB for ADP him PRON the DET kind ADJ offices NOUN of ADP his PRON wife NOUN , PUNCT Merope PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 carried nsubj 2 then then ADV PronType=Dem 3 carried advmod 3 carried carry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 carried obj 5 to to ADP _ 7 king case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 king det 7 king king NOUN Number=Sing 3 carried obl 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 master punct 9 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 master nmod:poss 10 master master NOUN Number=Sing 7 king appos 11 , , PUNCT _ 14 pitying punct 12 who who PRON PronType=Rel 14 pitying nsubj 13 , , PUNCT _ 14 pitying punct 14 pitying pity VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 10 master acl:relcl 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 waif det 16 poor poor ADJ Degree=Pos 18 waif amod 17 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 18 waif amod 18 waif waif NOUN Number=Sing 14 pitying obj 19 , , PUNCT _ 20 enlisted punct 20 enlisted enlist VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 carried conj 21 for for ADP _ 22 him case 22 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 20 enlisted obl 23 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 25 offices det 24 kind kind ADJ Degree=Pos 25 offices amod 25 offices office NOUN Number=Plur 20 enlisted obj 26 of of ADP _ 28 wife case 27 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 28 wife nmod:poss 28 wife wife NOUN Number=Sing 25 offices nmod 29 , , PUNCT _ 30 Merope punct 30 Merope Merope PROPN Number=Sing 28 wife appos 31 . . PUNCT _ 3 carried punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carry past He him = he the king then vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme to king=Destination 2 pity gerund king's master the poor little waif vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer waif=Stimulus 3 enlist past He not said here the kind offices of king's wife for king vn volunteer-95.4-1 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent office=Pivot for he=Beneficiary
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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