weaken Who acts: He, us, your, storm, Rust, Adding · What happens: weaken, mean, become, make, start, give in · To what, where: someone, mind, us, storm, land, metal bridge · Speech: someone speaks here
«weaken» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: weaken in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To weaken means to become weaker, or to make someone or something weaker, less strong or less powerful.
The tree, 18 words mark csubj mark xcomp xcomp punct cc mark parataxis obj cc conj xcomp punct advmod conj cc advmod conj punct root To PART weaken VERB means VERB to PART become VERB weaker ADJ , PUNCT or CCONJ to PART make VERB someone PRON or CCONJ something PRON weaker ADJ , PUNCT less ADV strong ADJ or CCONJ less ADV powerful ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 weaken mark 2 weaken weaken VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means csubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 become mark 5 become become VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means xcomp 6 weaker weak ADJ Degree=Cmp 5 become xcomp 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 make punct 8 or or CCONJ _ 10 make cc 9 to to PART _ 10 make mark 10 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 means parataxis 11 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 10 make obj 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 something cc 13 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 11 someone conj 14 weaker weak ADJ Degree=Cmp 10 make xcomp 15 , , PUNCT _ 17 strong punct 16 less less ADV Degree=Cmp 17 strong advmod 17 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 10 make conj 18 or or CCONJ _ 20 powerful cc 19 less less ADV Degree=Cmp 20 powerful advmod 20 powerful powerful ADJ Degree=Pos 17 strong conj 21 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 weaken to-infinitive vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 become not said to happen to-infinitive weak property vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient 4 make to-infinitive someone weak property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset someone=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To weaken can mean to start to give in or change your mind («He weakened and let us stay up late»).
The tree, 21 words mark csubj aux mark xcomp mark xcomp compound:prt cc conj nmod:poss obj punct punct nsubj conj cc conj obj xcomp compound:prt advmod punct punct punct root To PART weaken VERB can AUX mean VERB to PART start VERB to PART give VERB in ADP or CCONJ change VERB your PRON mind NOUN ( PUNCT « PUNCT He PRON weakened VERB and CCONJ let VERB us PRON stay VERB up ADP late ADV » PUNCT ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 weaken mark 2 weaken weaken VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 mean csubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 mean aux 4 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 to to PART _ 6 start mark 6 start start VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 mean xcomp 7 to to PART _ 8 give mark 8 give give VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 start xcomp 9 in in ADP _ 8 give compound:prt 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 change cc 11 change change VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 start conj 12 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 mind nmod:poss 13 mind mind NOUN Number=Sing 11 change obj 14 ( ( PUNCT _ 17 weakened punct 15 « « PUNCT _ 17 weakened punct 16 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 17 weakened nsubj 17 weakened weaken VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 change conj 18 and and CCONJ _ 19 let cc 19 let let VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 change conj 20 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 19 let obj 21 stay stay VERB VerbForm=Inf 19 let xcomp 22 up up ADP _ 21 stay compound:prt 23 late late ADV Degree=Pos 21 stay advmod 24 » » PUNCT _ 21 stay punct 25 ) ) PUNCT _ 19 let punct 26 . . PUNCT _ 4 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 weaken to-infinitive vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 mean can vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 start not said to happen to-infinitive vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 4 give in not said to happen to-infinitive vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 5 change infinitive your mind vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mind=Patient 6 weaken in a quote past He vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 7 let in a quote infinitive us tree rules 8 stay up in a quote infinitive us not said here late property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 9 mind your nom mind «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Example 1 The storm weakened as it moved over land.
det nsubj acl case obl case obl punct root The DET storm NOUN weakened VERB as ADP it PRON moved VERB over ADP land NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 storm det 2 storm storm NOUN Number=Sing 6 moved nsubj 3 weakened weaken VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 storm acl 4 as as ADP _ 5 it case 5 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 weakened obl 6 moved move VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 over over ADP _ 8 land case 8 land land NOUN Number=Sing 6 moved obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 moved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 weaken participle the storm not said here as storm vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 move past the storm land vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme over land=Trajectory
Example 2 Rust can weaken a metal bridge.
nsubj aux det compound obj punct root Rust NOUN can AUX weaken VERB a DET metal NOUN bridge NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rust rust NOUN Number=Sing 3 weaken nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 weaken aux 3 weaken weaken VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 bridge det 5 metal metal NOUN Number=Sing 6 bridge compound 6 bridge bridge NOUN Number=Sing 3 weaken obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 weaken punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 weaken can Rust a metal bridge vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent bridge=Patient
Example 3 Being ill for a week weakened her.
cop advcl case det obl obj punct root Being AUX ill ADJ for ADP a DET week NOUN weakened VERB her PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 ill cop 2 ill ill ADJ Degree=Pos 6 weakened advcl 3 for for ADP _ 5 week case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 week det 5 week week NOUN Number=Sing 2 ill obl 6 weakened weaken VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 weakened obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 6 weakened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is gerund week ill property tree rules 2 weaken past her = she vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent she=Patient
Example 4 Adding water weakens the squash.
csubj obj det obj punct root Adding VERB water NOUN weakens VERB the DET squash NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Adding add VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 weakens csubj 2 water water NOUN Number=Sing 1 Adding obj 3 weakens weaken VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 squash det 5 squash squash NOUN Number=Sing 3 weakens obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 weakens punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 add speech: assert gerund water vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient 2 weaken present Adding the squash vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent squash=Patient
Example 5 Mum weakened and bought us ice cream.
nsubj cc conj iobj compound obj punct root Mum NOUN weakened VERB and CCONJ bought VERB us PRON ice NOUN cream NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 weakened nsubj 2 weakened weaken VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 bought cc 4 bought buy VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 weakened conj 5 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 bought iobj 6 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 7 cream compound 7 cream cream NOUN Number=Sing 4 bought obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 weakened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 weaken past Mum vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 buy past Mum not said here ice cream us vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent we=Beneficiary cream=Theme
Example 6 Cracks weakened the wall, so it was unsafe.
nsubj det obj punct advmod nsubj cop parataxis punct root Cracks NOUN weakened VERB the DET wall NOUN , PUNCT so ADV it PRON was AUX unsafe ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cracks crack NOUN Number=Plur 2 weakened nsubj 2 weakened weaken VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 wall det 4 wall wall NOUN Number=Sing 2 weakened obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 9 unsafe punct 6 so so ADV _ 9 unsafe advmod 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 unsafe nsubj 8 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 unsafe cop 9 unsafe unsafe ADJ Degree=Pos 2 weakened parataxis 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 weakened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 weaken past Cracks the wall vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent wall=Patient 2 is past wall unsafe property tree rules
Example 7 The magic potion weakened the dragon.
det amod nsubj det obj punct root The DET magic ADJ potion NOUN weakened VERB the DET dragon NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 potion det 2 magic magic ADJ Degree=Pos 3 potion amod 3 potion potion NOUN Number=Sing 4 weakened nsubj 4 weakened weaken VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 dragon det 6 dragon dragon NOUN Number=Sing 4 weakened obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 weakened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 weaken past the magic potion the dragon vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent dragon=Patient
Example 8 Not sleeping enough can weaken your body.
advmod nsubj advmod aux nmod:poss obj punct root Not PART sleeping VERB enough ADV can AUX weaken VERB your PRON body NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Not not PART Polarity=Neg 2 sleeping advmod 2 sleeping sleep VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 weaken nsubj 3 enough enough ADV _ 2 sleeping advmod 4 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 weaken aux 5 weaken weaken VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 body nmod:poss 7 body body NOUN Number=Sing 5 weaken obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 weaken punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not sleep gerund enough property vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 weaken can your body vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent body=Patient
Example 9 The reason for wearing these, he said, was that his eyes had been weakened by the work of many years.
The tree, 20 words det nsubj mark acl obj punct nsubj punct aux:pass mark nmod:poss nsubj:pass aux aux:pass ccomp case det obl case amod nmod punct root The DET reason NOUN for SCONJ wearing VERB these PRON , PUNCT he PRON said VERB , PUNCT was AUX that SCONJ his PRON eyes NOUN had AUX been AUX weakened VERB by ADP the DET work NOUN of ADP many ADJ years NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 reason det 2 reason reason NOUN Number=Sing 8 said nsubj 3 for for SCONJ _ 4 wearing mark 4 wearing wear VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 reason acl 5 these this PRON Number=Plur PronType=Dem 4 wearing obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 2 reason punct 7 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 said nsubj 8 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 , , PUNCT _ 16 weakened punct 10 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 16 weakened aux:pass 11 that that SCONJ _ 16 weakened mark 12 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 eyes nmod:poss 13 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 16 weakened nsubj:pass 14 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 16 weakened aux 15 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 16 weakened aux:pass 16 weakened weaken VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 said ccomp 17 by by ADP _ 19 work case 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 work det 19 work work NOUN Number=Sing 16 weakened obl 20 of of ADP _ 22 years case 21 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 22 years amod 22 years year NOUN Number=Plur 19 work nmod 23 . . PUNCT _ 8 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear gerund the reason not said here these vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent this=Source 2 say speech: assert past the reason vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 weaken past · perfect · passive the work of many years reason's eyes vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent subject=Patient 4 work many years nom work «act intransitive»: of=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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