whence Who acts: he, she, old king, river, knight, we · What happens: come, mean, be, ask, flow back, return · To what, where: you, old poem, knight, help, psalm · Speech: someone speaks here
«whence» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: whence in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: old-fashioned — kept apart, not parsed.
From where: «Whence did he come?» means «Where did he come from?».
The tree, 12 words mark advmod punct punct advmod aux nsubj csubj punct punct punct advmod aux nsubj ccomp obl punct punct punct root From SCONJ where ADV : PUNCT « PUNCT Whence ADV did AUX he PRON come VERB ? PUNCT » PUNCT means VERB « PUNCT Where ADV did AUX he PRON come VERB from ADP ? PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 From from SCONJ _ 8 come mark 2 where where ADV PronType=Rel 8 come advmod 3 : : PUNCT _ 8 come punct 4 « « PUNCT _ 8 come punct 5 Whence whence ADV PronType=Int 8 come advmod 6 did do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 come aux 7 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 come nsubj 8 come come VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 means csubj 9 ? ? PUNCT _ 8 come punct 10 » » PUNCT _ 8 come punct 11 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 12 « « PUNCT _ 16 come punct 13 Where where ADV PronType=Rel 16 come advmod 14 did do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 16 come aux 15 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 come nsubj 16 come come VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 means ccomp 17 from from ADP _ 16 come obl 18 ? ? PUNCT _ 16 come punct 19 » » PUNCT _ 16 come punct 20 . . PUNCT _ 11 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come in a quote past · do-support he whence property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 come in a quote past · do-support he vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
From which place or reason: «the town whence she came».
case det cc conj punct punct det conj advmod nsubj acl:relcl punct punct root From ADP which DET place NOUN or CCONJ reason NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT the DET town NOUN whence ADV she PRON came VERB » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 From from ADP _ 3 place case 2 which which DET PronType=Int 3 place det 3 place place NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 reason cc 5 reason reason NOUN Number=Sing 3 place conj 6 : : PUNCT _ 9 town punct 7 « « PUNCT _ 9 town punct 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 town det 9 town town NOUN Number=Sing 3 place conj 10 whence whence ADV PronType=Int 12 came advmod 11 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 came nsubj 12 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 town acl:relcl 13 » » PUNCT _ 12 came punct 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 place punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come in a quote past she whence property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 3 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
Which is why: «He was late, whence the trouble.».
The tree, 9 words nsubj cop punct punct nsubj cop parataxis punct advmod det conj punct punct punct root Which PRON is AUX why ADV : PUNCT « PUNCT He PRON was AUX late ADJ , PUNCT whence ADV the DET trouble NOUN . PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Which which PRON PronType=Rel 3 why nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 why cop 3 why why ADV PronType=Rel root root 4 : : PUNCT _ 8 late punct 5 « « PUNCT _ 8 late punct 6 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 late nsubj 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 late cop 8 late late ADJ Degree=Pos 3 why parataxis 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 trouble punct 10 whence whence ADV PronType=Int 12 trouble advmod 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 trouble det 12 trouble trouble NOUN Number=Sing 8 late conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 8 late punct 14 » » PUNCT _ 8 late punct 15 . . PUNCT _ 3 why punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present why property tree rules 2 is in a quote past He late property tree rules
Example 1 «Whence came you, stranger?» asked the old king.
punct advmod advcl obj punct obl punct punct det amod obj punct root « PUNCT Whence ADV came VERB you PRON , PUNCT stranger NOUN ? PUNCT » PUNCT asked VERB the DET old ADJ king NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 3 came punct 2 Whence whence ADV PronType=Int 3 came advmod 3 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 asked advcl 4 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 came obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 stranger punct 6 stranger stranger NOUN Number=Sing 3 came obl 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 came punct 8 » » PUNCT _ 3 came punct 9 asked ask VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 king det 11 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 12 king amod 12 king king NOUN Number=Sing 9 asked obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 9 asked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come in a quote past the old king not said here you stranger obl ; whence property vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location you=Theme 2 ask speech: ask past the old king vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 The river flows back to the mountains whence it came.
det nsubj advmod case det obl advmod nsubj acl:relcl punct root The DET river NOUN flows VERB back ADV to ADP the DET mountains NOUN whence ADV it PRON came VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 river det 2 river river NOUN Number=Sing 3 flows nsubj 3 flows flow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 back back ADV _ 3 flows advmod 5 to to ADP _ 7 mountains case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 mountains det 7 mountains mountain NOUN Number=Plur 3 flows obl 8 whence whence ADV PronType=Int 10 came advmod 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 came nsubj 10 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 mountains acl:relcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 flows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 flow back present the river to the mountains vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 come past river whence property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 3 In the old poem the knight returned to the land whence he had set out.
The tree, 15 words case det amod obl det nsubj case det obl advmod nsubj:pass aux acl:relcl compound:prt punct root In ADP the DET old ADJ poem NOUN the DET knight NOUN returned VERB to ADP the DET land NOUN whence ADV he PRON had AUX set VERB out ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 4 poem case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 poem det 3 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 4 poem amod 4 poem poem NOUN Number=Sing 7 returned obl 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 knight det 6 knight knight NOUN Number=Sing 7 returned nsubj 7 returned return VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 to to ADP _ 10 land case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 land det 10 land land NOUN Number=Sing 7 returned obl 11 whence whence ADV PronType=Int 14 set advmod 12 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 set nsubj:pass 13 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 14 set aux 14 set set VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 land acl:relcl 15 out out ADP _ 14 set compound:prt 16 . . PUNCT _ 7 returned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 return past the knight the old poem to the land result vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to land=Result 2 set out past · perfect · passive knight whence property tree rules
Example 4 «From whence cometh my help?» we read in the psalm.
punct mark advmod advcl nmod:poss obj punct punct nsubj case det obl punct root « PUNCT From SCONJ whence ADV cometh VERB my PRON help NOUN ? PUNCT » PUNCT we PRON read VERB in ADP the DET psalm NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 10 read punct 2 From from SCONJ _ 4 cometh mark 3 whence whence ADV PronType=Int 4 cometh advmod 4 cometh come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 read advcl 5 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 help nmod:poss 6 help help NOUN Number=Sing 4 cometh obj 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 6 help punct 8 » » PUNCT _ 4 cometh punct 9 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 10 read nsubj 10 read read VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 11 in in ADP _ 13 psalm case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 psalm det 13 psalm psalm NOUN Number=Sing 10 read obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 10 read punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come in a quote present we not said here my help whence property vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location help=Theme 2 read past we the psalm vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 help in a quote my nom help «act transitive»: poss=agent
Example 5 Nobody knew whence the strange noise came.
nsubj advmod det amod nsubj ccomp punct root Nobody PRON knew VERB whence ADV the DET strange ADJ noise NOUN came VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nobody nobody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 2 knew nsubj 2 knew know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 whence whence ADV PronType=Int 7 came advmod 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 noise det 5 strange strange ADJ Degree=Pos 6 noise amod 6 noise noise NOUN Number=Sing 7 came nsubj 7 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 knew ccomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 knew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 know past Nobody vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 2 come past the strange noise whence property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 Today we would say «Where did you come from?» instead of «Whence came you?»
The tree, 14 words obl:unmarked nsubj aux punct advmod aux nsubj ccomp obl punct punct case fixed punct advmod parataxis obj punct punct root Today NOUN we PRON would AUX say VERB « PUNCT Where ADV did AUX you PRON come VERB from ADP ? PUNCT » PUNCT instead ADV of ADP « PUNCT Whence ADV came VERB you PRON ? PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Today today NOUN Number=Sing 4 say obl:unmarked 2 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 say nsubj 3 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 say aux 4 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 « « PUNCT _ 9 come punct 6 Where where ADV PronType=Rel 9 come advmod 7 did do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 come aux 8 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 9 come nsubj 9 come come VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 say ccomp 10 from from ADP _ 9 come obl 11 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 say punct 12 » » PUNCT _ 4 say punct 13 instead instead ADV ExtPos=ADP 17 came case 14 of of ADP _ 13 instead fixed 15 « « PUNCT _ 17 came punct 16 Whence whence ADV PronType=Int 17 came advmod 17 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 say parataxis 18 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 17 came obj 19 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 say punct 20 » » PUNCT _ 4 say punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: ask would we today vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 come in a quote past · do-support you vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 come in a quote past you whence property vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location you=Theme
Example 7 "Whence do you come?" asked the mother.
punct advmod aux nsubj ccomp punct punct det obj punct root " PUNCT Whence ADV do AUX you PRON come VERB ? PUNCT " PUNCT asked VERB the DET mother NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 5 come punct 2 Whence whence ADV PronType=Int 5 come advmod 3 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 come aux 4 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 come nsubj 5 come come VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 asked ccomp 6 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 come punct 7 " " PUNCT _ 5 come punct 8 asked ask VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 mother det 10 mother mother NOUN Number=Sing 8 asked obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 asked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come in a quote present · do-support you whence property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 ask speech: ask past the mother vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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