widow Who acts: widow, husband, she, Grandad, Grandma, kind widow · What happens: be, die, not marry, leave, become, live · To what, where: woman, single short line, printing, top, widow, little cottage · Speech: someone speaks here
«widow» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: widow in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A widow is a woman whose husband has died and who has not married again.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj cop det nmod:poss nsubj aux acl:relcl cc nsubj:pass aux advmod conj advmod punct root A DET widow NOUN is AUX a DET woman NOUN whose PRON husband NOUN has AUX died VERB and CCONJ who PRON has AUX not PART married VERB again ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 widow det 2 widow widow NOUN Number=Sing 5 woman nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 woman cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 woman det 5 woman woman NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 whose whose PRON Poss=Yes PronType=Rel 7 husband nmod:poss 7 husband husband NOUN Number=Sing 9 died nsubj 8 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 died aux 9 died die VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 5 woman acl:relcl 10 and and CCONJ _ 14 married cc 11 who who PRON PronType=Rel 14 married nsubj:pass 12 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 married aux 13 not not PART Polarity=Neg 14 married advmod 14 married marry VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 died conj 15 again again ADV _ 14 married advmod 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 woman punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a widow a woman tree rules 2 die present · perfect husband vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute 3 not marry present · perfect · passive again vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 In printing, a widow is a single short line left alone at the top of a page or column.
The tree, 19 words case obl punct det nsubj cop det amod amod acl advmod case det obl case det nmod cc conj punct root In ADP printing NOUN , PUNCT a DET widow NOUN is AUX a DET single ADJ short ADJ line NOUN left VERB alone ADV at ADP the DET top NOUN of ADP a DET page NOUN or CCONJ column NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 printing case 2 printing printing NOUN Number=Sing 10 line obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 printing punct 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 widow det 5 widow widow NOUN Number=Sing 10 line nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 line cop 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 line det 8 single single ADJ Degree=Pos 10 line amod 9 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 10 line amod 10 line line NOUN Number=Sing root root 11 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 line acl 12 alone alone ADV _ 11 left advmod 13 at at ADP _ 15 top case 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 top det 15 top top NOUN Number=Sing 11 left obl 16 of of ADP _ 18 page case 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 page det 18 page page NOUN Number=Sing 15 top nmod 19 or or CCONJ _ 20 column cc 20 column column NOUN Number=Sing 18 page conj 21 . . PUNCT _ 10 line punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a widow a single short line printing tree rules 2 leave participle a single short line not said here the top of a page or column alone property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent at top=Location
Example 1 After her husband died, she became a widow.
mark nmod:poss nsubj advcl punct nsubj det xcomp punct root After SCONJ her PRON husband NOUN died VERB , PUNCT she PRON became VERB a DET widow NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 After after SCONJ _ 4 died mark 2 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 husband nmod:poss 3 husband husband NOUN Number=Sing 4 died nsubj 4 died die VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 became advcl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 died punct 6 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 became nsubj 7 became become VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 widow det 9 widow widow NOUN Number=Sing 7 became xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 became punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 die past her husband vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute 2 become past she a widow vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
Example 2 The widow lived alone in a little cottage.
det nsubj advmod case det amod obl punct root The DET widow NOUN lived VERB alone ADV in ADP a DET little ADJ cottage NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 widow det 2 widow widow NOUN Number=Sing 3 lived nsubj 3 lived live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 alone alone ADV _ 3 lived advmod 5 in in ADP _ 8 cottage case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 cottage det 7 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 8 cottage amod 8 cottage cottage NOUN Number=Sing 3 lived obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 lived punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live past the widow a little cottage alone property vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cottage=Location
Example 3 Grandad is a widower, because Grandma died.
nsubj cop det punct mark nsubj acl:relcl punct root Grandad PROPN is AUX a DET widower NOUN , PUNCT because SCONJ Grandma PROPN died VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandad Grandad PROPN Number=Sing 4 widower nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 widower cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 widower det 4 widower widower NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 , , PUNCT _ 8 died punct 6 because because SCONJ _ 8 died mark 7 Grandma Grandma PROPN Number=Sing 8 died nsubj 8 died die VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 widower acl:relcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 widower punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Grandad a widower tree rules 2 die past Grandma a widower not said here tree rules
Example 4 She was widowed when she was young.
nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod nsubj cop advcl punct root She PRON was AUX widowed VERB when ADV she PRON was AUX young ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 widowed nsubj:pass 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 widowed aux:pass 3 widowed widow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 when when ADV PronType=Int 7 young advmod 5 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 young nsubj 6 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 young cop 7 young young ADJ Degree=Pos 3 widowed advcl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 widowed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 widow past · passive She vn orphan-29.7 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme 2 is past she young property tree rules
Example 5 In the story, the kind widow took in the orphan.
case det obl punct det amod nsubj case det obl punct root In ADP the DET story NOUN , PUNCT the DET kind ADJ widow NOUN took VERB in ADP the DET orphan NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 story case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 story det 3 story story NOUN Number=Sing 8 took obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 story punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 widow det 6 kind kind ADJ Degree=Pos 7 widow amod 7 widow widow NOUN Number=Sing 8 took nsubj 8 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 in in ADP _ 11 orphan case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 orphan det 11 orphan orphan NOUN Number=Sing 8 took obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 8 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take past the kind widow the story in the orphan vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in story=Location
Example 6 The black widow spider has a red mark on its body.
det amod compound nsubj det amod obj case nmod:poss nmod punct root The DET black ADJ widow NOUN spider NOUN has VERB a DET red ADJ mark NOUN on ADP its PRON body NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 spider det 2 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 4 spider amod 3 widow widow NOUN Number=Sing 4 spider compound 4 spider spider NOUN Number=Sing 5 has nsubj 5 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 mark det 7 red red ADJ Degree=Pos 8 mark amod 8 mark mark NOUN Number=Sing 5 has obj 9 on on ADP _ 11 body case 10 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 body nmod:poss 11 body body NOUN Number=Sing 8 mark nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the black widow spider a red mark spider's body vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mark=Patient
Example 7 We visit the widow next door and help with her shopping.
nsubj det obj amod obj cc conj case nmod:poss obl punct root We PRON visit VERB the DET widow NOUN next ADJ door NOUN and CCONJ help NOUN with ADP her PRON shopping NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 visit nsubj 2 visit visit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 widow det 4 widow widow NOUN Number=Sing 2 visit obj 5 next next ADJ Degree=Pos 6 door amod 6 door door NOUN Number=Sing 2 visit obj 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 help cc 8 help help NOUN Number=Sing 6 door conj 9 with with ADP _ 11 shopping case 10 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 shopping nmod:poss 11 shopping shopping NOUN Number=Sing 2 visit obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 visit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 visit present We the widow with widow's shopping tree rules 2 shop widow nom shopping «act intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 8 The widow wore black at the funeral.
det nsubj xcomp case det obl punct root The DET widow NOUN wore VERB black ADJ at ADP the DET funeral NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 widow det 2 widow widow NOUN Number=Sing 3 wore nsubj 3 wore wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 3 wore xcomp 5 at at ADP _ 7 funeral case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 funeral det 7 funeral funeral NOUN Number=Sing 3 wore obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 wore punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear past the widow the funeral black property vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent at funeral=Source
Example 9 "I don't mind!" says the widow.
punct nsubj aux advmod ccomp punct punct det obj punct root " PUNCT I PRON do AUX n't PART mind VERB ! PUNCT " PUNCT says VERB the DET widow NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 5 mind punct 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 mind nsubj 3 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 mind aux 4 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 5 mind advmod 5 mind mind VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 says ccomp 6 ! ! PUNCT _ 5 mind punct 7 " " PUNCT _ 5 mind punct 8 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 widow det 10 widow widow NOUN Number=Sing 8 says obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 says punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not mind in a quote present · do-support the widow = widow vn care-88.1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 2 say speech: express present the widow vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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