wren Who acts: wren, that, Wrens, Christopher, tail, wren boys · What happens: be, stick up, have, sing, build, design · To what, where: tiny brown bird, loud song, family name, hedge, round nests, Cathedral · Speech: someone speaks here
«wren» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: wren in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A wren is a tiny brown bird with a short tail that sticks up; it has a very loud song for its size.
The tree, 23 words det nsubj cop det amod amod case det amod nmod nsubj parataxis compound:prt punct nsubj conj det advmod amod obj case nmod:poss nmod punct root A DET wren NOUN is AUX a DET tiny ADJ brown ADJ bird NOUN with ADP a DET short ADJ tail NOUN that PRON sticks VERB up ADP ; PUNCT it PRON has VERB a DET very ADV loud ADJ song NOUN for ADP its PRON size NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 wren det 2 wren wren NOUN Number=Sing 7 bird nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 bird cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 bird det 5 tiny tiny ADJ Degree=Pos 7 bird amod 6 brown brown ADJ Degree=Pos 7 bird amod 7 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 with with ADP _ 11 tail case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 tail det 10 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 11 tail amod 11 tail tail NOUN Number=Sing 7 bird nmod 12 that that PRON PronType=Rel 13 sticks nsubj 13 sticks stick VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 bird parataxis 14 up up ADP _ 13 sticks compound:prt 15 ; ; PUNCT _ 17 has punct 16 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 17 has nsubj 17 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 sticks conj 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 song det 19 very very ADV _ 20 loud advmod 20 loud loud ADJ Degree=Pos 21 song amod 21 song song NOUN Number=Sing 17 has obj 22 for for ADP _ 24 size case 23 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 24 size nmod:poss 24 size size NOUN Number=Sing 21 song nmod 25 . . PUNCT _ 7 bird punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a wren a tiny brown bird with a short tail tree rules 2 stick up present that vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient 3 have present wren a loud song for wren's size vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent song=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.
Wren is also a family name, as in Sir Christopher Wren, the architect of St Paul's Cathedral in London.
The tree, 20 words nsubj cop advmod det compound punct case case compound nmod flat punct det appos case compound nmod:poss case nmod case nmod punct root Wren NOUN is AUX also ADV a DET family NOUN name NOUN , PUNCT as ADP in ADP Sir PROPN Christopher PROPN Wren PROPN , PUNCT the DET architect NOUN of ADP St PROPN Paul PROPN 's PART Cathedral PROPN in ADP London PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wren wren NOUN Number=Sing 6 name nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 name cop 3 also also ADV _ 6 name advmod 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 name det 5 family family NOUN Number=Sing 6 name compound 6 name name NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 11 Christopher punct 8 as as ADP _ 11 Christopher case 9 in in ADP _ 11 Christopher case 10 Sir Sir PROPN Number=Sing 11 Christopher compound 11 Christopher Christopher PROPN Number=Sing 6 name nmod 12 Wren Wren PROPN Number=Sing 11 Christopher flat 13 , , PUNCT _ 15 architect punct 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 architect det 15 architect architect NOUN Number=Sing 11 Christopher appos 16 of of ADP _ 20 Cathedral case 17 St St PROPN Number=Sing 18 Paul compound 18 Paul Paul PROPN Number=Sing 20 Cathedral nmod:poss 19 's 's PART _ 18 Paul case 20 Cathedral Cathedral PROPN Number=Sing 15 architect nmod 21 in in ADP _ 22 London case 22 London London PROPN Number=Sing 20 Cathedral nmod 23 . . PUNCT _ 6 name punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Wren a family name as Sir Christopher tree rules
Example 1 A wren was singing loudly from the hedge.
det nsubj aux advmod case det obl punct root A DET wren NOUN was AUX singing VERB loudly ADV from ADP the DET hedge NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 wren det 2 wren wren NOUN Number=Sing 4 singing nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 singing aux 4 singing sing VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 loudly loudly ADV _ 4 singing advmod 6 from from ADP _ 8 hedge case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 hedge det 8 hedge hedge NOUN Number=Sing 4 singing obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 singing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sing speech: express past · progressive a wren the hedge loudly property vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 2 The wren is tiny but very loud.
det nsubj cop cc advmod conj punct root The DET wren NOUN is AUX tiny ADJ but CCONJ very ADV loud ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 wren det 2 wren wren NOUN Number=Sing 4 tiny nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 tiny cop 4 tiny tiny ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 but but CCONJ _ 7 loud cc 6 very very ADV _ 7 loud advmod 7 loud loud ADJ Degree=Pos 4 tiny conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 tiny punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the wren tiny property tree rules 2 be the wren not said here tree rules
Example 3 Wrens build round nests with a hole in the side.
nsubj amod obj case det obl case det nmod punct root Wrens NOUN build VERB round ADJ nests NOUN with ADP a DET hole NOUN in ADP the DET side NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wrens wren NOUN Number=Plur 2 build nsubj 2 build build VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 round round ADJ Degree=Pos 4 nests amod 4 nests nest NOUN Number=Plur 2 build obj 5 with with ADP _ 7 hole case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 hole det 7 hole hole NOUN Number=Sing 2 build obl 8 in in ADP _ 10 side case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 side det 10 side side NOUN Number=Sing 7 hole nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 build punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 build present Wrens round nests with a hole in the side vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent nest=Theme with hole=Source
Example 4 Christopher Wren designed St Paul's Cathedral.
nsubj flat compound nmod:poss case obj punct root Christopher PROPN Wren PROPN designed VERB St PROPN Paul PROPN 's PART Cathedral PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Christopher Christopher PROPN Number=Sing 3 designed nsubj 2 Wren Wren PROPN Number=Sing 1 Christopher flat 3 designed design VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 St St PROPN Number=Sing 5 Paul compound 5 Paul Paul PROPN Number=Sing 7 Cathedral nmod:poss 6 's 's PART _ 5 Paul case 7 Cathedral Cathedral PROPN Number=Sing 3 designed obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 designed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 design past Christopher St Paul's Cathedral vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cathedral=Result
Example 5 The wren's tail sticks straight up.
det nmod:poss case nsubj advmod advmod punct root The DET wren NOUN 's PART tail NOUN sticks VERB straight ADV up ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 wren det 2 wren wren NOUN Number=Sing 4 tail nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 wren case 4 tail tail NOUN Number=Sing 5 sticks nsubj 5 sticks stick VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 straight straight ADV _ 7 up advmod 7 up up ADV _ 5 sticks advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 sticks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stick present the wren's tail vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
Example 6 In Ireland, the wren boys dress up on St Stephen's Day.
case obl punct det compound nsubj compound:prt case compound nmod:poss case obl punct root In ADP Ireland PROPN , PUNCT the DET wren NOUN boys NOUN dress VERB up ADP on ADP St PROPN Stephen PROPN 's PART Day PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 Ireland case 2 Ireland Ireland PROPN Number=Sing 7 dress obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 Ireland punct 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 boys det 5 wren wren NOUN Number=Sing 6 boys compound 6 boys boy NOUN Number=Plur 7 dress nsubj 7 dress dress VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 up up ADP _ 7 dress compound:prt 9 on on ADP _ 13 Day case 10 St St PROPN Number=Sing 11 Stephen compound 11 Stephen Stephen PROPN Number=Sing 13 Day nmod:poss 12 's 's PART _ 11 Stephen case 13 Day Day PROPN Number=Sing 7 dress obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 7 dress punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 dress up present the wren boys Ireland on St Stephen's Day vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 7 "Will you take me?" said the wren.
punct aux nsubj ccomp obj punct punct det obj punct root " PUNCT Will AUX you PRON take VERB me PRON ? PUNCT " PUNCT said VERB the DET wren NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 take punct 2 Will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 take aux 3 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 take nsubj 4 take take VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 said ccomp 5 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 take obj 6 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 take punct 7 " " PUNCT _ 4 take punct 8 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 wren det 10 wren wren NOUN Number=Sing 8 said obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take in a quote future you the wren = wren vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument i=Destination 2 say speech: ask past the wren vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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