2 Chronicles 18:16 דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים ב

Who acts: king, I, Israel, sheep, LORD, These · What happens: say, see, scatter, have, let, return · To what, where: Israel, mountains, shepherd, master, sheep, peace · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is 2 Chronicles 18:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king, I, Israel, sheep, LORD, These — and what happens in the verse to Israel, mountains, shepherd, master, sheep, peace, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of 2 Chronicles on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֗אמֶר רָאִ֤יתִי אֶת־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ נְפוֹצִ֣ים עַל־הֶֽהָרִ֔ים כַּצֹּ֕אן אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֵין־לָהֶ֖ן רֹעֶ֑ה וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ לֹֽא־אֲדֹנִ֣ים לָאֵ֔לֶּה יָשׁ֥וּבוּ אִישׁ־לְבֵית֖וֹ בְּשָׁלֽוֹם׃

And he said: 'I saw all Israel scattered upon the mountains, as sheep that have no shepherd; and the LORD said: These have no master, let them return every man to his house in peace.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֗אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֗אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	רָאִ֤יתִי	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	2 יֹּ֗אמֶר	ccomp	I saw
4	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	7 נְפוֹצִ֣ים	case	(et)
5	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 נְפוֹצִ֣ים	nsubj	all
6	יִשְׂרָאֵל֙	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	5 כָּל־	compound:smixut	Israel
7	נְפוֹצִ֣ים	פּוּץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur	3 רָאִ֤יתִי	obj	scattered
8	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	10 הָרִ֔ים	case	on
9	הֶֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 הָרִ֔ים	det	the
10	הָרִ֔ים	הַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	7 נְפוֹצִ֣ים	obl	mountains
11	כַּ	כְּ	ADP	_	13 צֹּ֕אן	case	like
12	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 צֹּ֕אן	det	(the)
13	צֹּ֕אן	צֹאן	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 נְפוֹצִ֣ים	obl	flock
14	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	15 אֵין־	mark	which
15	אֵין־	אַיִן	ADV	_	13 צֹּ֕אן	acl:relcl	there [is] not
16	ל	לְ	ADP	_	17 ָהֶ֖ן	case	for
17	ָהֶ֖ן	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 אֵין־	obl	them
18	רֹעֶ֑ה	רָעָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	15 אֵין־	nsubj	a shepherd
19	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 יֹּ֤אמֶר	cc	and
20	יֹּ֤אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּ֗אמֶר	conj	he said
21	יְהוָה֙	יהוה	PROPN	_	20 יֹּ֤אמֶר	nsubj	Yahweh
22	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	25 אֵ֔לֶּה	advmod	not
23	אֲדֹנִ֣ים	אָדוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	25 אֵ֔לֶּה	nsubj	masters
24	לָ	לְ	ADP	_	25 אֵ֔לֶּה	case	[belong] to
25	אֵ֔לֶּה	אֵלֶּה	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	20 יֹּ֤אמֶר	ccomp	these
26	יָשׁ֥וּבוּ	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	25 אֵ֔לֶּה	parataxis	let them return
27	אִישׁ־	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	26 יָשׁ֥וּבוּ	obl	each
28	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	29 בֵית	case	to
29	בֵית	בַּיִת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	26 יָשׁ֥וּבוּ	obl	his own
30	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	29 בֵית	nmod:poss	house
31	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	32 שָׁלֽוֹם	case	in
32	שָׁלֽוֹם	שָׁלוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	26 יָשׁ֥וּבוּ	obl	peace
33	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	32 שָׁלֽוֹם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal
רָאִיתִי I saw	qatal · qal		נְפוֹצִים scattered
נְפוֹצִים scattered	participle passive · niphal		יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh
יָשׁוּבוּ let them return	yiqtol · qal	יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And he said: 'I saw all Israel scattered upon the mountains, as sheep that have no shepherd; and the LORD said: These have no master, let them return every man to his house in peace.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:2CH:363.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.18.16/