Ecclesiastes 10:8 קֹהֶלֶת
Who acts: rich, whoso, serpent · What happens: dig, fall, break, bite · To what, where: pit, fence, rich
This is Ecclesiastes 10:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — rich, whoso, serpent — and what happens in the verse to pit, fence, rich, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Ecclesiastes on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
חֹפֵ֥ר גּוּמָּ֖ץ בּ֣וֹ יִפּ֑וֹל וּפֹרֵ֥ץ גָּדֵ֖ר יִשְּׁכֶ֥נּוּ נָחָֽשׁ׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | חֹפֵ֥ר | חָפַר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 5 יִפּ֑וֹל | nsubj | [one who] digs |
| 2 | גּוּמָּ֖ץ | גּוּמָּץ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 1 חֹפֵ֥ר | obj | a pit |
| 3 | בּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 4 ֣וֹ | case | in |
| 4 | ֣וֹ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 יִפּ֑וֹל | obl | it |
| 5 | יִפּ֑וֹל | נָפַל | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | he will fall |
| 6 | וּ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 9 יִשְּׁכ | cc | and |
| 7 | פֹרֵ֥ץ | פָּרַץ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing | 9 יִשְּׁכ | parataxis | [one who] breaks through |
| 8 | גָּדֵ֖ר | גָּדֵר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 7 פֹרֵ֥ץ | obj | a wall |
| 9 | יִשְּׁכ | נָשַׁךְ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 5 יִפּ֑וֹל | conj | it |
| 10 | ֶ֥נּוּ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 יִשְּׁכ | obj | will bite him |
| 11 | נָחָֽשׁ | נָחָשׁ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 9 יִשְּׁכ | nsubj | a snake |
| 12 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 11 נָחָֽשׁ | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| חֹפֵר [one who] digs | participle active · qal | גּוּמָּץ a pit | |||
| יִפּוֹל he will fall | yiqtol · qal | חֹפֵר [one who] digs | |||
| פֹרֵץ [one who] breaks through | participle active · qal | גָּדֵר a wall | |||
| יִשְּׁכ it | yiqtol · qal | נָחָֽשׁ a snake | ֶנּוּ will bite him |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
עֲנַת מִדַּת דִּינָא וְכֵן אֲמַרַת אִנּוּן גָרְמוּ לְהוֹן כָּל דָּא הֵיכְמָא דִּגְבַר דְּכָרֵי שׁוּחָא בְּפַרְשַׁת אוֹרְחָא בַּהּ אִתְחַיֵב לְמִפַּל וְאוּמָּא דִי עָבְרַת עַל גְּזֵירַת מֵימְרָא דַּיָי [וּתְקִיפוּ גוּדָא] דְעָלְמָא נְפָלוּ בְּיַד מַלְכָּא רַשִּׁיעָא דְּנָכֵית לְהוֹן כְּחִוְיָא:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:ECC:185.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.10.8/