Ecclesiastes 12:3 קֹהֶלֶת

Who acts: keepers, strong men, grinders · What happens: tremble, bow, cease, be, look out, darken · To what, where: men, those, windows

This is Ecclesiastes 12:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — keepers, strong men, grinders — and what happens in the verse to men, those, windows, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Ecclesiastes on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

בַּיּ֗וֹם שֶׁיָּזֻ֙עוּ֙ שֹׁמְרֵ֣י הַבַּ֔יִת וְהִֽתְעַוְּת֖וּ אַנְשֵׁ֣י הֶחָ֑יִל וּבָטְל֤וּ הַטֹּֽחֲנוֹת֙ כִּ֣י מִעֵ֔טוּ וְחָשְׁכ֥וּ הָרֹא֖וֹת בָּאֲרֻבּֽוֹת׃

In the day when the keepers of the house shall tremble, and the strong men shall bow themselves, and the grinders cease because they are few, and those that look out shall be darkened in the windows,

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	3 יּ֗וֹם	case	in
2	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	3 יּ֗וֹם	det	the
3	יּ֗וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	root	root	day
4	שֶׁ	שֶׁ	SCONJ	_	5 יָּזֻ֙עוּ֙	mark	when
5	יָּזֻ֙עוּ֙	זוּעַ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	3 יּ֗וֹם	acl:relcl	they will tremble
6	שֹׁמְרֵ֣י	שָׁמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	5 יָּזֻ֙עוּ֙	nsubj	[those who] keep
7	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	8 בַּ֔יִת	det	(of) the
8	בַּ֔יִת	בַּיִת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 שֹׁמְרֵ֣י	compound:smixut	house
9	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 הִֽתְעַוְּת֖וּ	cc	and
10	הִֽתְעַוְּת֖וּ	עָוַת	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Plur Person=3	5 יָּזֻ֙עוּ֙	conj	they will bend themselves
11	אַנְשֵׁ֣י	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	10 הִֽתְעַוְּת֖וּ	nsubj	the people
12	הֶ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 חָ֑יִל	det	of (the)
13	חָ֑יִל	חַיִל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 אַנְשֵׁ֣י	compound:smixut	strength
14	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 בָטְל֤וּ	cc	and
15	בָטְל֤וּ	בָּטַל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	5 יָּזֻ֙עוּ֙	conj	they will cease
16	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 טֹּֽחֲנוֹת֙	det	the [female]
17	טֹּֽחֲנוֹת֙	טֹחֲנֹות	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	15 בָטְל֤וּ	nsubj	grinders
18	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	19 מִעֵ֔טוּ	mark	(dm)
19	מִעֵ֔טוּ	מָעַט	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3	5 יָּזֻ֙עוּ֙	parataxis	they have become few
20	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 חָשְׁכ֥וּ	cc	and
21	חָשְׁכ֥וּ	חָשַׁךְ	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	5 יָּזֻ֙עוּ֙	conj	they will grow dim
22	הָ	הַ	SCONJ	_	23 רֹא֖וֹת	mark	the [women
23	רֹא֖וֹת	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	21 חָשְׁכ֥וּ	nsubj	who] look
24	בָּ	בְּ	ADP	_	26 אֲרֻבּֽוֹת	case	in
25	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	26 אֲרֻבּֽוֹת	det	the
26	אֲרֻבּֽוֹת	אֲרֻבָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	23 רֹא֖וֹת	obl	windows
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 אֲרֻבּֽוֹת	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יָּזֻעוּ they will tremble	yiqtol · qal	שֹׁמְרֵי [those who] keep
שֹׁמְרֵי [those who] keep	participle active · qal		בַּיִת house
הִֽתְעַוְּתוּ they will bend themselves	weqatal · hithpael	אַנְשֵׁי the people
בָטְלוּ they will cease	weqatal · qal	טֹּֽחֲנוֹת grinders
מִעֵטוּ they have become few	qatal · piel	טֹּֽחֲנוֹת grinders
חָשְׁכוּ they will grow dim	weqatal · qal	רֹאוֹת who] look

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

בְּיוֹמָא דִּיזוּעוּן אַרְכּוּבְתָךְ וְיִתְנַקְשׁוּן אֶדְרָעָךְ וְיִתְבַּטְּלוּן כַּכֵּי פוּמָּךְ עַד לָא יָכְלִין לְמִלְעַס מֵיכְלָא וְיִתְעָמְמוּן עֵינָךְ דְּמִסְתַּכְּלָן בַּחֲרַכֵּי רֵישָׁךְ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

In the day when the keepers of the house shall tremble, and the strong men shall bow themselves, and the grinders cease because they are few, and those that look out shall be darkened in the windows,

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ECC:210.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.12.3/