Ecclesiastes 2:23 קֹהֶלֶת

Who acts: days, heart, wisdom, This · What happens: be, rest, vex · To what, where: pains, vanity

This is Ecclesiastes 2:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — days, heart, wisdom, This — and what happens in the verse to pains, vanity, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 12 chapters of Ecclesiastes on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כִּ֧י כָל־יָמָ֣יו מַכְאֹבִ֗ים וָכַ֙עַס֙ עִנְיָנ֔וֹ גַּם־בַּלַּ֖יְלָה לֹא־שָׁכַ֣ב לִבּ֑וֹ גַּם־זֶ֖ה הֶ֥בֶל הֽוּא׃

For all his days are pains, and his occupation vexation; yea, even in the night his heart taketh not rest. This also is vanity.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כִּ֧י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	5 מַכְאֹבִ֗ים	mark	(dm)
2	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 מַכְאֹבִ֗ים	nsubj	all
3	יָמָ֣י	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 כָל־	compound:smixut	days
4	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 יָמָ֣י	nmod:poss	his
5	מַכְאֹבִ֗ים	מַכְאוֹב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	root	root	[are] pains
6	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 כַ֙עַס֙	cc	and [is]
7	כַ֙עַס֙	כַּעַס	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 מַכְאֹבִ֗ים	conj	vexation
8	עִנְיָנ	עִנְיָן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 כַ֙עַס֙	nsubj	business
9	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 עִנְיָנ	nmod:poss	his
10	גַּם־	גַּם	ADV	_	13 לַּ֖יְלָה	advmod	also
11	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	13 לַּ֖יְלָה	case	in
12	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 לַּ֖יְלָה	det	the
13	לַּ֖יְלָה	לַיְלָה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 שָׁכַ֣ב	obl	night
14	לֹא־	לֹא	ADV	_	15 שָׁכַ֣ב	advmod	not
15	שָׁכַ֣ב	שָׁכַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	5 מַכְאֹבִ֗ים	parataxis	it rests
16	לִבּ	לֵב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 שָׁכַ֣ב	nsubj	heart
17	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 לִבּ	nmod:poss	his
18	גַּם־	גַּם	ADV	_	19 זֶ֖ה	advmod	also
19	זֶ֖ה	זֶה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	20 הֶ֥בֶל	dislocated	this
20	הֶ֥בֶל	הֶבֶל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 מַכְאֹבִ֗ים	parataxis	[is] futility
21	הֽוּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 הֶ֥בֶל	nsubj	it
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	21 הֽוּא	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
not שָׁכַב it rests	qatal · qal	לִבּ heart

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

אֲרוּם כָּל יוֹמוֹהִי כְּאֵיבִין וְתַקִיף רוּגְזֵיה גַוְנֵיה אַף בְּלֵילְיָא לָא דָּמִיךְ מִן הִרְהוּרֵי לִבֵּיהּ אַף דֵּין הֲבָלוּ הוּא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:ECC:40.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.2.23/