Esther 1:14 אֶסְתֵּר

Who acts: next, seven princes · What happens: be, see, sit · To what, where: Carshena, face, kingdom

This is Esther 1:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — next, seven princes — and what happens in the verse to Carshena, face, kingdom, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְהַקָּרֹ֣ב אֵלָ֗יוכַּרְשְׁנָ֤א שֵׁתָר֙ אַדְמָ֣תָא תַרְשִׁ֔ישׁ מֶ֥רֶס מַרְסְנָ֖א מְמוּכָ֑ן שִׁבְעַ֞ת שָׂרֵ֣י ׀ פָּרַ֣ס וּמָדַ֗י רֹאֵי֙ פְּנֵ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ הַיֹּשְׁבִ֥ים רִאשֹׁנָ֖ה בַּמַּלְכֽוּת׃

and the next unto him was Carshena, Shethar, Admatha, Tarshish, Meres, Marsena, and Memucan, the seven princes of Persia and Media, who saw the king's face, and sat the first in the kingdom:

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 כַּרְשְׁנָ֤א	cc	and
2	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	3 קָּרֹ֣ב	det	the [ones]
3	קָּרֹ֣ב	קָרֹוב	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 כַּרְשְׁנָ֤א	nsubj	close
4	אֵלָ֗י	אֶל	ADP	_	5 ו	case	to
5	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 קָּרֹ֣ב	nmod	him
6	כַּרְשְׁנָ֤א	כַּרְשְׁנָא	PROPN	_	root	root	[were] Carshena
7	שֵׁתָר֙	שֵׁתָר	PROPN	_	6 כַּרְשְׁנָ֤א	conj	Shethar
8	אַדְמָ֣תָא	אַדְמָתָא	PROPN	_	6 כַּרְשְׁנָ֤א	conj	Admatha
9	תַרְשִׁ֔ישׁ	תַּרְשִׁישׁ	PROPN	_	6 כַּרְשְׁנָ֤א	conj	Tarshish
10	מֶ֥רֶס	מֶרֶס	PROPN	_	6 כַּרְשְׁנָ֤א	conj	Meres
11	מַרְסְנָ֖א	מַרְסְנָא	PROPN	_	6 כַּרְשְׁנָ֤א	conj	Marsena
12	מְמוּכָ֑ן	מְמוּכָן	PROPN	_	6 כַּרְשְׁנָ֤א	conj	Memucan
13	שִׁבְעַ֞ת	שֶׁבַע	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 שָׂרֵ֣י	nummod	the seven
14	שָׂרֵ֣י	שַׂר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	6 כַּרְשְׁנָ֤א	appos	the officials
15	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	14 שָׂרֵ֣י	punct
16	פָּרַ֣ס	פָּרַס	PROPN	_	14 שָׂרֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Persia
17	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 מָדַ֗י	cc	and
18	מָדַ֗י	מָדַי	PROPN	_	16 פָּרַ֣ס	conj	Media
19	רֹאֵי֙	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	6 כַּרְשְׁנָ֤א	appos	[who] saw
20	פְּנֵ֣י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 רֹאֵי֙	compound:smixut	(of) the face
21	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 מֶּ֔לֶךְ	det	of
22	מֶּ֔לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 פְּנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	the king
23	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	24 יֹּשְׁבִ֥ים	mark	[who]
24	יֹּשְׁבִ֥ים	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	6 כַּרְשְׁנָ֤א	appos	sat
25	רִאשֹׁנָ֖ה	רִאשׁוֹן	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	24 יֹּשְׁבִ֥ים	advmod	foremost
26	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	28 מַּלְכֽוּת	case	in
27	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	28 מַּלְכֽוּת	det	the
28	מַּלְכֽוּת	מַלְכוּת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	24 יֹּשְׁבִ֥ים	obl	kingdom
29	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	28 מַּלְכֽוּת	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
רֹאֵי [who] saw	participle active · qal	כַּרְשְׁנָא [were] Carshena + שֵׁתָר Shethar + אַדְמָתָא Admatha + תַרְשִׁישׁ Tarshish + מֶרֶס Meres + מַרְסְנָא Marsena + מְמוּכָן Memucan	פְּנֵי (of) the face
יֹּשְׁבִים sat	participle active · qal	כַּרְשְׁנָא [were] Carshena + שֵׁתָר Shethar + אַדְמָתָא Admatha + תַרְשִׁישׁ Tarshish + מֶרֶס Meres + מַרְסְנָא Marsena + מְמוּכָן Memucan

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

וְסָרִיבוּ בְּנוֹי דְיִשָׂשׂכָר לְמֵידַן יַת דִינָא הַהוּא בְּרַם צַלוּ קֳדָם יְיָ וְכֵן אֲמַרוּ רִבּוֹן דְעַלְמָא עַרְבֵּל יַת מִשְׁתְּהוֹן וַהֲוֵי דְכִיר יַת צַדִיקַיָא דְקָרִיבוּ קֳדָמָךְ בְּבֵית מַקְדְשָׁךְ אִמְרִין בְּנֵי שְׁנָא וּתְרֵין בְּנֵי יוֹנָה שַׁפְנִינָן עַל מַדְבְּחָא אַדְמְתָא עַד יְדָא דְכַהֲנָא רַבָּה דַהֲוָה לְבִישׁ חוּשְׁנָא דִי בֵיהּ כְּרוּם יַמָא וְרוּבֵי כַהֲנָא הֲווּ מָרְסָן וּבַחֲשָׁן יַת דְמָא וּמְסַדְרִין קֳדָמָךְ לְחֵם אַפַּיָא וְכֵן אִסְתְּחַר מַלְכָּא וְתַב וְשָׁאַל עִטֵיתָא לְרַבְרְבָנוֹי דְקָרִיבִין לְוָתֵיהּ וְאִלֵין שְׁמָהַתְהוֹן כַּרְשְׁנָא שֵׁתָר אַדְמָתָא תַרְשִׁישׁ מֶרֶס מַרְסְנָא מְמוּכָן שִׁבְעָא רַבְרְבָנֵי פַּרְסָאִי וּמָדָאֵי חֲזֵי אַפֵּי מַלְכָּא דְיַתְבִין בְּדַרְגָא קַדְמָאָה דִבְכוּרְסֵי מַלְכוּתָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

and the next unto him was Carshena, Shethar, Admatha, Tarshish, Meres, Marsena, and Memucan, the seven princes of Persia and Media, who saw the king's face, and sat the first in the kingdom:

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EST:13.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.1.14/