Esther 1:16 אֶסְתֵּר

Who acts: Memucan, Vashti, peoples · What happens: answer, not do, be · To what, where: wrong, provinces · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Esther 1:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Memucan, Vashti, peoples — and what happens in the verse to wrong, provinces, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר מְמוּכָ֗ן לִפְנֵ֤י הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ וְהַשָּׂרִ֔ים לֹ֤א עַל־הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ לְבַדּ֔וֹ עָוְתָ֖ה וַשְׁתִּ֣י הַמַּלְכָּ֑ה כִּ֤י עַל־כָּל־הַשָּׂרִים֙ וְעַל־כָּל־הָ֣עַמִּ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֕ר בְּכָל־מְדִינ֖וֹת הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרֽוֹשׁ׃

And Memucan answered before the king and the princes: 'Vashti the queen hath not done wrong to the king only, but also to all the princes, and to all the peoples, that are in all the provinces of the king Ahasuerus.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֣אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	מְמוּכָ֗ן	מְמוּכָן	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	nsubj	Memucan
4	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	5 פְנֵ֤י	case	before
5	פְנֵ֤י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	obl
6	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙	det	the
7	מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 פְנֵ֤י	compound:smixut	king
8	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 שָּׂרִ֔ים	cc	and
9	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 שָּׂרִ֔ים	det	the
10	שָּׂרִ֔ים	שַׂר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	7 מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙	conj	officials
11	לֹ֤א	לֹא	ADV	_	18 עָוְתָ֖ה	advmod	not
12	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	14 מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙	case	on
13	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙	det	the
14	מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 עָוְתָ֖ה	obl	king
15	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	16 בַדּ	case	him
16	בַדּ	בַּד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙	nmod
17	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 בַדּ	nmod:poss	alone
18	עָוְתָ֖ה	עָוָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	ccomp	she did wrong
19	וַשְׁתִּ֣י	וַשְׁתִּי	PROPN	_	18 עָוְתָ֖ה	nsubj	Vashti
20	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	21 מַּלְכָּ֑ה	det	the
21	מַּלְכָּ֑ה	מַלְכָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	19 וַשְׁתִּ֣י	appos	queen
22	כִּ֤י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	24 כָּל־	mark	(dm)
23	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	24 כָּל־	case	on
24	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 עָוְתָ֖ה	advcl	all
25	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	26 שָּׂרִים֙	det	the
26	שָּׂרִים֙	שַׂר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	24 כָּל־	compound:smixut	officials
27	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	29 כָּל־	cc	and
28	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	29 כָּל־	case	on
29	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	24 כָּל־	conj	all
30	הָ֣	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	31 עַמִּ֔ים	det	the
31	עַמִּ֔ים	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	29 כָּל־	compound:smixut	peoples
32	אֲשֶׁ֕ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	34 כָל־	mark	which
33	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	34 כָל־	case	[are] in
34	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	29 כָּל־	acl:relcl	all
35	מְדִינ֖וֹת	מְדִינָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	34 כָל־	compound:smixut	the provinces
36	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	37 מֶּ֥לֶךְ	det	of
37	מֶּ֥לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	35 מְדִינ֖וֹת	compound:smixut	the king
38	אֲחַשְׁוֵרֽוֹשׁ	אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ	PROPN	_	37 מֶּ֥לֶךְ	appos	Ahasuerus
39	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	38 אֲחַשְׁוֵרֽוֹשׁ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	מְמוּכָן Memucan
not עָוְתָה she did wrong	qatal · qal	וַשְׁתִּי Vashti

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

וַאֲמַר מְמוּכָן הוּא הָמָן בַּר בְּרֵיהּ דַאֲגַג רַשִׁיעָא קֳדָם מַלְכָּא וְרַבְרְבָנַיָא לָא עַל עִלַוֵי דְמַלְכָּא בִּלְחוֹדוֹי סָרַחַת וַשְׁתִּי מַלְכְּתָא אֲרוּם עִלַוֵי כָּל רַבְבְרָנַיָא וְעִלַוֵי כָל עַמְמַיָא דִי בְּכָל פַּלְכַיָא דִי שַׁלִיט בְּהוֹן מַלְכָּא אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Memucan answered before the king and the princes: 'Vashti the queen hath not done wrong to the king only, but also to all the princes, and to all the peoples, that are in all the provinces of the king Ahasuerus.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EST:15.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.1.16/