Esther 1:20 אֶסְתֵּר

Who acts: king, wives · What happens: make, publish, give, decree · To what, where: decree, honour, great

This is Esther 1:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king, wives — and what happens in the verse to decree, honour, great, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְנִשְׁמַע֩ פִּתְגָ֨ם הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ אֲשֶֽׁר־יַעֲשֶׂה֙ בְּכָל־מַלְכוּת֔וֹ כִּ֥י רַבָּ֖ה הִ֑יא וְכָל־הַנָּשִׁ֗ים יִתְּנ֤וּ יְקָר֙ לְבַעְלֵיהֶ֔ן לְמִגָּד֖וֹל וְעַד־קָטָֽן׃

And when the king's decree which he shall make shall be published throughout all his kingdom, great though it be, all the wives will give to their husbands honour, both to great and small.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 נִשְׁמַע֩	cc	and
2	נִשְׁמַע֩	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it will be heard
3	פִּתְגָ֨ם	פִּתְגָּם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 נִשְׁמַע֩	nsubj	the decree
4	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	5 מֶּ֤לֶךְ	det	of
5	מֶּ֤לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 פִּתְגָ֨ם	compound:smixut	the king
6	אֲשֶֽׁר־	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	7 יַעֲשֶׂה֙	mark	which
7	יַעֲשֶׂה֙	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 פִּתְגָ֨ם	acl:relcl	he will make
8	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	9 כָל־	case	in
9	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 נִשְׁמַע֩	obl	all
10	מַלְכוּת	מַלְכוּת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	9 כָל־	compound:smixut	kingdom
11	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 מַלְכוּת	nmod:poss	his
12	כִּ֥י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	13 רַבָּ֖ה	mark	(dm)
13	רַבָּ֖ה	רַב	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 נִשְׁמַע֩	advcl	[is] great
14	הִ֑יא	הִיא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 רַבָּ֖ה	nsubj	it
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 יִתְּנ֤וּ	cc	and
16	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 יִתְּנ֤וּ	nsubj	all
17	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 נָּשִׁ֗ים	det	the
18	נָּשִׁ֗ים	אִשָּׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	16 כָל־	compound:smixut	women
19	יִתְּנ֤וּ	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 נִשְׁמַע֩	conj	they will give
20	יְקָר֙	יְקָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 יִתְּנ֤וּ	obj	honor
21	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	22 בַעְלֵי	case	to
22	בַעְלֵי	בַּעַל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	19 יִתְּנ֤וּ	obl	husbands
23	הֶ֔ן	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 בַעְלֵי	nmod:poss	their
24	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	26 גָּד֖וֹל	case	(to)
25	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	26 גָּד֖וֹל	case	from
26	גָּד֖וֹל	גָּדוֹל	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	22 בַעְלֵי	nmod	great
27	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	29 קָטָֽן	cc	and
28	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	29 קָטָֽן	case	unto
29	קָטָֽן	קָטָן	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	26 גָּד֖וֹל	conj	insignificant
30	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	29 קָטָֽן	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
נִשְׁמַע it will be heard	weqatal · niphal		פִּתְגָם the decree
יַעֲשֶׂה he will make	yiqtol · qal	מֶּלֶךְ the king	פִּתְגָם the decree
יִתְּנוּ they will give	yiqtol · qal	נָּשִׁים women	יְקָר honor

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

וְיִשְׁתְּמַע פִּתְגָם גְזֵירַת מַלְכָּא דִי יַעֲבֵיד מַלְכוּתֵיהּ אֲרוּם גְזֵרְתָּא רַבָּא הִיא וּמִן בָּתַר כֵּן כָּל נְשַׁיָא יִתְּנוּן רְבוּ וִיקָר לְמָרֵיהוֹן לְמִן רַבָּא וְעַד זְעִירָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And when the king's decree which he shall make shall be published throughout all his kingdom, great though it be, all the wives will give to their husbands honour, both to great and small.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EST:19.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.1.20/