Esther 3:15 אֶסְתֵּר

Who acts: posts, king · What happens: go, give out, sit down, drink, perplex, command · To what, where: haste, decree, Shushan, city · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Esther 3:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — posts, king — and what happens in the verse to haste, decree, Shushan, city, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

הָֽרָצִ֞ים יָצְא֤וּ דְחוּפִים֙ בִּדְבַ֣ר הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְהַדָּ֥ת נִתְּנָ֖ה בְּשׁוּשַׁ֣ן הַבִּירָ֑ה וְהַמֶּ֤לֶךְ וְהָמָן֙ יָשְׁב֣וּ לִשְׁתּ֔וֹת וְהָעִ֥יר שׁוּשָׁ֖ן נָבֽוֹכָה׃פ

The posts went forth in haste by the king's commandment, and the decree was given out in Shushan the castle; and the king and Haman sat down to drink; but the city of Shushan was perplexed.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	הָֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	2 רָצִ֞ים	det	the
2	רָצִ֞ים	רוּץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	3 יָצְא֤וּ	nsubj	runners
3	יָצְא֤וּ	יָצָא	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they went out
4	דְחוּפִים֙	דָּחַף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	3 יָצְא֤וּ	advcl	hurried
5	בִּ	בְּ	ADP	_	6 דְבַ֣ר	case	at
6	דְבַ֣ר	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 דְחוּפִים֙	obl	the word
7	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	8 מֶּ֔לֶךְ	det	of
8	מֶּ֔לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 דְבַ֣ר	compound:smixut	the king
9	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 נִתְּנָ֖ה	cc	and
10	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 דָּ֥ת	det	the
11	דָּ֥ת	דָּת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	12 נִתְּנָ֖ה	nsubj	law
12	נִתְּנָ֖ה	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 יָצְא֤וּ	conj	it was given
13	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	14 שׁוּשַׁ֣ן	case	in
14	שׁוּשַׁ֣ן	שׁוּשַׁן	PROPN	_	12 נִתְּנָ֖ה	obl	Susa
15	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 בִּירָ֑ה	det	the
16	בִּירָ֑ה	בִּירָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	14 שׁוּשַׁ֣ן	appos	citadel
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	22 יָשְׁב֣וּ	cc	and
18	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	19 מֶּ֤לֶךְ	det	the
19	מֶּ֤לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	22 יָשְׁב֣וּ	nsubj	king
20	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 הָמָן֙	cc	and
21	הָמָן֙	הָמָן	PROPN	_	19 מֶּ֤לֶךְ	conj	Haman
22	יָשְׁב֣וּ	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	3 יָצְא֤וּ	conj	they sat down
23	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	24 שְׁתּ֔וֹת	case	to
24	שְׁתּ֔וֹת	שָׁתָה	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	22 יָשְׁב֣וּ	advcl	drink
25	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	29 נָבֽוֹכָה	cc	and
26	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	27 עִ֥יר	det	the
27	עִ֥יר	עִיר	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	29 נָבֽוֹכָה	nsubj	city
28	שׁוּשָׁ֖ן	שׁוּשַׁן	PROPN	_	27 עִ֥יר	appos	of Susa
29	נָבֽוֹכָה	בּוּךְ	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 יָצְא֤וּ	conj	it was in confusion
30	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	29 נָבֽוֹכָה	punct
31	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	29 נָבֽוֹכָה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יָצְאוּ they went out	qatal · qal	רָצִים runners
דְחוּפִים hurried	participle passive · qal		רָצִים runners
נִתְּנָה it was given	qatal · niphal		דָּת law
יָשְׁבוּ they sat down	qatal · qal	מֶּלֶךְ king + הָמָן Haman
שְׁתּוֹת drink	infinitive construct · qal	מֶּלֶךְ king + הָמָן Haman
נָבֽוֹכָה it was in confusion	qatal · niphal		עִיר city

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

רִיהוּטְנִין נְפָקוּ זְרִיזִין בְּפִתְגָמָא דְמַלְכָּא וּגְזֵרָתָא אִתְיְהִיבַת בְּשׁוּשַׁן בִּירַנְתָּא וּמַלְכָּא וְהָמָן הֲווּ יַתְבִין לְמִשְׁתֵּי חַמְרָא וְקַרְתָּא דְשׁוּשַׁן מִתְעַרְבְּלָא בְּחֶדְוַת עַמְמִין נוּכְרָאִין וּבְקַל בְּכִיתָא דְעַמָא בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

The posts went forth in haste by the king's commandment, and the decree was given out in Shushan the castle; and the king and Haman sat down to drink; but the city of Shushan was perplexed.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EST:59.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.3.15/