Esther 9:3 אֶסְתֵּר

Who acts: princes · What happens: do, help, fall, fear · To what, where: business, Jews, fear, Mordecai

This is Esther 9:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — princes — and what happens in the verse to business, Jews, fear, Mordecai, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Esther on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְכָל־שָׂרֵ֨י הַמְּדִינ֜וֹת וְהָאֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנִ֣ים וְהַפַּח֗וֹת וְעֹשֵׂ֤י הַמְּלָאכָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לַמֶּ֔לֶךְ מְנַשְּׂאִ֖ים אֶת־הַיְּהוּדִ֑ים כִּֽי־נָפַ֥ל פַּֽחַד־מָרְדֳּכַ֖י עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃

And all the princes of the provinces, and the satraps, and the governors, and they that did the king's business, helped the Jews; because the fear of Mordecai was fallen upon them.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 מְנַשְּׂאִ֖ים	cc	and
2	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 מְנַשְּׂאִ֖ים	nsubj	all
3	שָׂרֵ֨י	שַׂר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 כָל־	compound:smixut	the officials
4	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	5 מְּדִינ֜וֹת	det	of
5	מְּדִינ֜וֹת	מְדִינָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	3 שָׂרֵ֨י	compound:smixut	the provinces
6	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 אֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנִ֣ים	cc	and
7	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	8 אֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנִ֣ים	det	the
8	אֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנִ֣ים	אֲחַשְׁדַּרְפַּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 שָׂרֵ֨י	conj	satraps
9	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 פַּח֗וֹת	cc	and
10	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 פַּח֗וֹת	det	the
11	פַּח֗וֹת	פֶּחָה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 שָׂרֵ֨י	conj	governors
12	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 עֹשֵׂ֤י	cc	and
13	עֹשֵׂ֤י	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	3 שָׂרֵ֨י	conj	the doers
14	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	15 מְּלָאכָה֙	det	of
15	מְּלָאכָה֙	מְלָאכָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	13 עֹשֵׂ֤י	compound:smixut	the work
16	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	19 מֶּ֔לֶךְ	mark	which
17	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	19 מֶּ֔לֶךְ	case	[belonged] to
18	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	19 מֶּ֔לֶךְ	det	the
19	מֶּ֔לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 עֹשֵׂ֤י	acl:relcl	king
20	מְנַשְּׂאִ֖ים	נָשָׂא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur	root	root	[were] supporting
21	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	23 יְּהוּדִ֑ים	case	(et)
22	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	23 יְּהוּדִ֑ים	det	the
23	יְּהוּדִ֑ים	יְהוּדִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	20 מְנַשְּׂאִ֖ים	obj	Jews
24	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	25 נָפַ֥ל	mark	(dm)
25	נָפַ֥ל	נָפַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	20 מְנַשְּׂאִ֖ים	advcl	it had fallen
26	פַּֽחַד־	פַּחַד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	25 נָפַ֥ל	nsubj	the dread
27	מָרְדֳּכַ֖י	מׇרְדֳּכַי	PROPN	_	26 פַּֽחַד־	compound:smixut	of Mordecai
28	עֲלֵי	עַל	ADP	_	29 הֶֽם	case	on
29	הֶֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 נָפַ֥ל	obl	them
30	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	29 הֶֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
עֹשֵׂי the doers	participle active · qal		מְּלָאכָה the work
מְנַשְּׂאִים [were] supporting	participle active · piel	שָׂרֵי the officials + אֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנִים satraps + פַּחוֹת governors + עֹשֵׂי the doers	יְּהוּדִים Jews
נָפַל it had fallen	qatal · qal	פַּֽחַד־ the dread

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

וְכָל רַבָּנֵי פִלְכַיָא וְאִסְטַרְטִילוּסִין וְהֵיפַרְכִין וְעַבְדֵי עֲבִידְתָּא דִי לְמַלְכָּא מְמַנָן עֲלַוֵיהוֹן יַת יְהוּדָאִין אֲרוּם נְפַל פַּחְדָא דְמָרְדְכַי עֲלַוֵיהוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And all the princes of the provinces, and the satraps, and the governors, and they that did the king's business, helped the Jews; because the fear of Mordecai was fallen upon them.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EST:134.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.9.3/