Ezra 4:4 עֶזְרָא

Who acts: people · What happens: weaken, harry, build · To what, where: hands, people

This is Ezra 4:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people — and what happens in the verse to hands, people, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 10 chapters of Ezra on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְהִי֙ עַם־הָאָ֔רֶץ מְרַפִּ֖ים יְדֵ֣י עַם־יְהוּדָ֑ה וּֽמְבַהֲלִ֥ים אוֹתָ֖ם לִבְנֽוֹת׃

Then the people of the land weakened the hands of the people of Judah, and harried them while they were building,

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְהִי֙	cc	and
2	יְהִי֙	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was
3	עַם־	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 מְרַפִּ֖ים	nsubj	the people
4	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	5 אָ֔רֶץ	det	of
5	אָ֔רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 עַם־	compound:smixut	the land
6	מְרַפִּ֖ים	רָפָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur	2 יְהִי֙	parataxis	[were] making drop
7	יְדֵ֣י	יָד	NOUN	Number=Dual	6 מְרַפִּ֖ים	obj	the hands
8	עַם־	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 יְדֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of the people
9	יְהוּדָ֑ה	יְהוּדָה	PROPN	_	8 עַם־	compound:smixut	of Judah
10	וּֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 מְבַהֲלִ֥ים	cc	and
11	מְבַהֲלִ֥ים	בָּהַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur	2 יְהִי֙	conj	[they were] terrifying
12	אוֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	13 ָ֖ם	case
13	ָ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 מְבַהֲלִ֥ים	obj	them
14	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	15 בְנֽוֹת	case	to
15	בְנֽוֹת	בָּנָה	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	11 מְבַהֲלִ֥ים	advcl	build
16	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	15 בְנֽוֹת	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
מְרַפִּים [were] making drop	participle active · piel	עַם־ the people	יְדֵי the hands
מְבַהֲלִים [they were] terrifying	participle active · piel	עַם־ the people	ָם them
בְנֽוֹת build	infinitive construct · qal	עַם־ of the people

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Then the people of the land weakened the hands of the people of Judah, and harried them while they were building,

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EZR:97.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EZR.4.4/