Job 3:20 אִיּוֹב
What happens: be, give · To what, where: light, wicked, misery
This is Job 3:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: what happens in the verse to light, wicked, misery, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 42 chapters of Job on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
לָ֤מָּה יִתֵּ֣ן לְעָמֵ֣ל א֑וֹר וְ֝חַיִּ֗ים לְמָ֣רֵי נָֽפֶשׁ׃
Wherewith is light given to him that is in misery, and life unto the bitter in soul —
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | לָ֤ | לָמָה | ADP | _ | 2 מָּה | case | |
| 2 | מָּה | מָה | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 יִתֵּ֣ן | obl | why? |
| 3 | יִתֵּ֣ן | נָתַן | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | does someone give |
| 4 | לְ | לְ | ADP | _ | 5 עָמֵ֣ל | case | to |
| 5 | עָמֵ֣ל | עָמֵל | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 3 יִתֵּ֣ן | obl | a sufferer |
| 6 | א֑וֹר | אוֹר | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 יִתֵּ֣ן | obj | light |
| 7 | וְ֝ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 8 חַיִּ֗ים | cc | and |
| 8 | חַיִּ֗ים | חַיִּים | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 3 יִתֵּ֣ן | conj | life |
| 9 | לְ | לְ | ADP | _ | 10 מָ֣רֵי | case | to [people] |
| 10 | מָ֣רֵי | מַר | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 8 חַיִּ֗ים | obl | bitter |
| 11 | נָֽפֶשׁ | נֶפֶשׁ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 מָ֣רֵי | compound:smixut | of soul |
| 12 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 11 נָֽפֶשׁ | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- wh-question
- act
- ask
- voice
- character
- speech
- speech with no frame
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| יִתֵּן does someone give | yiqtol · qal | אוֹר light |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
לְמָא יְהִיב לְלָעֵי נְהוֹרָא וְחַיֵי לִמְרִירֵי נְפָשׁ:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:JOB:54.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/JOB.3.20/