Lamentations 3:42 אֵיכָה
Who acts: We, Thou · What happens: transgress, rebel, not pardon
This is Lamentations 3:42 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — We, Thou — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 5 chapters of Lamentations on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
נַ֤חְנוּ פָשַׁ֙עְנוּ֙ וּמָרִ֔ינוּ אַתָּ֖ה לֹ֥א סָלָֽחְתָּ׃ס
We have transgressed and have rebelled; Thou hast not pardoned.
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | נַ֤חְנוּ | נַחְנוּ | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 פָשַׁ֙עְנוּ֙ | nsubj | we |
| 2 | פָשַׁ֙עְנוּ֙ | פָּשַׁע | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1 | root | root | we have transgressed |
| 3 | וּ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 4 מָרִ֔ינוּ | cc | and |
| 4 | מָרִ֔ינוּ | מָרָה | VERB | Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1 | 2 פָשַׁ֙עְנוּ֙ | conj | we have rebelled |
| 5 | אַתָּ֖ה | אַתָּה | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs | 7 סָלָֽחְתָּ | nsubj | you |
| 6 | לֹ֥א | לֹא | ADV | _ | 7 סָלָֽחְתָּ | advmod | not |
| 7 | סָלָֽחְתָּ | סָלַח | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2 | 2 פָשַׁ֙עְנוּ֙ | parataxis | you have forgiven |
| 8 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 7 סָלָֽחְתָּ | punct | |
| 9 | ס | ס | PUNCT | _ | 7 סָלָֽחְתָּ | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- yes
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| פָשַׁעְנוּ we have transgressed | qatal · qal | נַחְנוּ we | |||
| מָרִינוּ we have rebelled | qatal · qal | ||||
| not סָלָֽחְתָּ you have forgiven | qatal · qal | אַתָּה you |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
The Targum
נַחְנָא מְרַדְנָא סַרָבְנָא וּמִן בִּגְלַל דְלָא הֲדַרְנָא לְוָתָךְ אַנְתְּ לָא שְׁבַקְתְּ:
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:LAM:85.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.3.42/