Lamentations 5:21 אֵיכָה

Who acts: Thou · What happens: turn, renew · To what, where: us, we

This is Lamentations 5:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Thou — and what happens in the verse to us, we, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of the Targum and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 5 chapters of Lamentations on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

הֲשִׁיבֵ֨נוּ יְהוָ֤ה ׀ אֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ וְֽנָשׁ֔וּבָה חַדֵּ֥שׁ יָמֵ֖ינוּ כְּקֶֽדֶם׃

Turn Thou us unto Thee, O LORD, and we shall be turned; renew our days as of old.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	הֲשִׁיב	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=2	root	root	restore
2	ֵ֨נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	1 הֲשִׁיב	obj	us
3	יְהוָ֤ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	1 הֲשִׁיב	dislocated	O Yahweh
4	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	3 יְהוָ֤ה	punct
5	אֵלֶ֙י	אֶל	ADP	_	6 ךָ֙	case	to
6	ךָ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	1 הֲשִׁיב	obl	yourself
7	וְֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 נָשׁ֔וּבָה	cc	so
8	נָשׁ֔וּבָה	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1	1 הֲשִׁיב	conj	that we may return
9	חַדֵּ֥שׁ	חָדַשׁ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=2	1 הֲשִׁיב	parataxis	renew
10	יָמֵ֖י	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	9 חַדֵּ֥שׁ	obj	days
11	נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	10 יָמֵ֖י	nmod:poss	our
12	כְּ	כְּ	ADP	_	13 קֶֽדֶם	case	like
13	קֶֽדֶם	קֶדֶם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 חַדֵּ֥שׁ	obl	ancient time
14	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	13 קֶֽדֶם	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
הֲשִׁיב restore	imperative · hiphil	ֵנוּ us		יְהוָה O Yahweh
נָשׁוּבָה that we may return	cohortative · qal
חַדֵּשׁ renew	imperative · piel	יְהוָה O Yahweh	יָמֵי days

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

The Targum

אָתֵיב יְיָ יָתָנָא לְוָתָךְ וְנִיתּוּב בִּתְיוּבְתָּא שְׁלֵימְתָּא תְּחַדֵּת יוֹמָנָא לְטָב כִּזְמַן יוֹמַיָּא טָבַיָּא דַהֲווֹ מִלְקַדְמִין:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Turn Thou us unto Thee, O LORD, and we shall be turned; renew our days as of old.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:LAM:152.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/LAM.5.21/