Nehemiah 2:9 נְחֶמְיָה

Who acts: I, king · What happens: come, give, letter, send · To what, where: governors, letters, captains

This is Nehemiah 2:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, king — and what happens in the verse to governors, letters, captains, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וָֽאָב֗וֹא אֶֽל־פַּֽחֲווֹת֙עֵ֣בֶר הַנָּהָ֔ר וָאֶתְּנָ֣ה לָהֶ֔ם אֵ֖ת אִגְּר֣וֹת הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח עִמִּי֙ הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ שָׂ֥רֵי חַ֖יִל וּפָרָשִֽׁים׃פ

Then I came to the governors beyond the River, and gave them the king's letters. Now the king had sent with me captains of the army and horsemen.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וָֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 אָב֗וֹא	cc	and
2	אָב֗וֹא	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	root	root	I went
3	אֶֽל־	אֶל	ADP	_	4 פַּֽחֲווֹת֙	case	to
4	פַּֽחֲווֹת֙	פֶּחָה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 אָב֗וֹא	obl	the governors
5	עֵ֣בֶר	עֵבֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 פַּֽחֲווֹת֙	compound:smixut	of the other side
6	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 נָּהָ֔ר	det	of
7	נָּהָ֔ר	נָהָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 עֵ֣בֶר	compound:smixut	the River
8	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 אֶתְּנ	cc	and
9	אֶתְּנ	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	2 אָב֗וֹא	conj	I
10	ָ֣ה	ה	X	_	9 אֶתְּנ	nmod	gave
11	ל	לְ	ADP	_	12 ָהֶ֔ם	case	to
12	ָהֶ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 אֶתְּנ	obl	them
13	אֵ֖ת	אֵת	ADP	_	14 אִגְּר֣וֹת	case	(et)
14	אִגְּר֣וֹת	אִגֶּרֶת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	9 אֶתְּנ	obj	the letters
15	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	16 מֶּ֑לֶךְ	det	of
16	מֶּ֑לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 אִגְּר֣וֹת	compound:smixut	the king
17	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 יִּשְׁלַ֤ח	cc	and
18	יִּשְׁלַ֤ח	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 אָב֗וֹא	conj	he had sent
19	עִמּ	עִם	ADP	_	20 ִי֙	case	with
20	ִי֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	18 יִּשְׁלַ֤ח	obl	me
21	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 מֶּ֔לֶךְ	det	the
22	מֶּ֔לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 יִּשְׁלַ֤ח	nsubj	king
23	שָׂ֥רֵי	שַׂר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	18 יִּשְׁלַ֤ח	obj	commanders
24	חַ֖יִל	חַיִל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 שָׂ֥רֵי	compound:smixut	of [the] army
25	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 פָרָשִֽׁים	cc	and
26	פָרָשִֽׁים	פָּרָשׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	23 שָׂ֥רֵי	conj	horsemen
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 פָרָשִֽׁים	punct
28	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	26 פָרָשִֽׁים	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
אָבוֹא I went	wayyiqtol · qal
אֶתְּנ I	wayyiqtol · qal		אִגְּרוֹת the letters
יִּשְׁלַח he had sent	wayyiqtol · qal	מֶּלֶךְ king	שָׂרֵי commanders + פָרָשִֽׁים horsemen

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NEH:19.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.2.9/