Nehemiah 3:34 נְחֶמְיָה

Who acts: Sanballat, feeble Jews, Jews · What happens: speak, say, do, restore, sacrifice, make · To what, where: will, end, stones, heaps, Jews · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Nehemiah 3:34 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Sanballat, feeble Jews, Jews — and what happens in the verse to will, end, stones, heaps, Jews, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ׀ לִפְנֵ֣י אֶחָ֗יו וְחֵיל֙ שֹֽׁמְר֔וֹן וַיֹּ֕אמֶר מָ֛ה הַיְּהוּדִ֥ים הָאֲמֵלָלִ֖ים עֹשִׂ֑ים הֲיַעַזְב֨וּ לָהֶ֤ם הֲיִזְבָּ֙חוּ֙ הַיְכַלּ֣וּ בַיּ֔וֹם הַיְחַיּ֧וּ אֶת־הָאֲבָנִ֛ים מֵעֲרֵמ֥וֹת הֶעָפָ֖ר וְהֵ֥מָּה שְׂרוּפֽוֹת׃

And he spoke before his brethren and the army of Samaria, and said: 'What do these feeble Jews? will they restore at will? will they sacrifice? will they make an end this day? will they revive the stones out of the heaps of rubbish, seeing they are burned?'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֣אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	punct
4	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	5 פְנֵ֣י	case	before
5	פְנֵ֣י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	obl
6	אֶחָ֗י	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	5 פְנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	brothers
7	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 אֶחָ֗י	nmod:poss	his
8	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 חֵיל֙	cc	and
9	חֵיל֙	חַיִל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 אֶחָ֗י	conj	the army
10	שֹֽׁמְר֔וֹן	שֹׁמְרוֹן	PROPN	_	9 חֵיל֙	compound:smixut	of Samaria
11	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 יֹּ֕אמֶר	cc	and
12	יֹּ֕אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֹּ֣אמֶר	conj	he said
13	מָ֛ה	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	18 עֹשִׂ֑ים	obj	what?
14	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	15 יְּהוּדִ֥ים	det	[are] the
15	יְּהוּדִ֥ים	יְהוּדִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	18 עֹשִׂ֑ים	nsubj	Jews
16	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 אֲמֵלָלִ֖ים	det	(the)
17	אֲמֵלָלִ֖ים	אֲמֵלָל	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	15 יְּהוּדִ֥ים	amod	feeble
18	עֹשִׂ֑ים	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	12 יֹּ֕אמֶר	ccomp	doing
19	הֲ	הֲ	PART	_	20 יַעַזְב֨וּ	advmod	will
20	יַעַזְב֨וּ	עָזַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	18 עֹשִׂ֑ים	parataxis	they restore?
21	ל	לְ	ADP	_	22 ָהֶ֤ם	case	for
22	ָהֶ֤ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 יַעַזְב֨וּ	obl	themselves
23	הֲ	הֲ	PART	_	24 יִזְבָּ֙חוּ֙	advmod	will
24	יִזְבָּ֙חוּ֙	זָבַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	18 עֹשִׂ֑ים	parataxis	they offer sacrifices?
25	הַ	הַ	PART	_	26 יְכַלּ֣וּ	advmod	will
26	יְכַלּ֣וּ	כָּלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3	18 עֹשִׂ֑ים	parataxis	they finish?
27	בַ	בְּ	ADP	_	29 יּ֔וֹם	case	in
28	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	29 יּ֔וֹם	det	the
29	יּ֔וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	26 יְכַלּ֣וּ	obl	day
30	הַ	הַ	PART	_	31 יְחַיּ֧וּ	advmod	will
31	יְחַיּ֧וּ	חָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=3	18 עֹשִׂ֑ים	parataxis	they restore?
32	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	34 אֲבָנִ֛ים	case	(et)
33	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	34 אֲבָנִ֛ים	det	the
34	אֲבָנִ֛ים	אֶבֶן	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	31 יְחַיּ֧וּ	obj	stones
35	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	36 עֲרֵמ֥וֹת	case	from
36	עֲרֵמ֥וֹת	עֲרֵמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	31 יְחַיּ֧וּ	obl	the heaps
37	הֶ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	38 עָפָ֖ר	det	of (the)
38	עָפָ֖ר	עָפָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	36 עֲרֵמ֥וֹת	compound:smixut	debris
39	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	41 שְׂרוּפֽוֹת	cc	and
40	הֵ֥מָּה	הֵמָּה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	41 שְׂרוּפֽוֹת	nsubj	they
41	שְׂרוּפֽוֹת	שָׂרַף	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	31 יְחַיּ֧וּ	conj	[are] burned
42	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	41 שְׂרוּפֽוֹת	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal
עֹשִׂים doing	participle active · qal	יְּהוּדִים Jews	מָה what?
יַעַזְבוּ they restore?	yiqtol · qal	יְּהוּדִים Jews
יִזְבָּחוּ they offer sacrifices?	yiqtol · qal	יְּהוּדִים Jews
יְכַלּוּ they finish?	yiqtol · piel	יְּהוּדִים Jews
יְחַיּוּ they restore?	yiqtol · piel	יְּהוּדִים Jews	אֲבָנִים stones
שְׂרוּפֽוֹת [are] burned	participle passive · qal		הֵמָּה they

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And he spoke before his brethren and the army of Samaria, and said: 'What do these feeble Jews? will they restore at will? will they sacrifice? will they make an end this day? will they revive the stones out of the heaps of rubbish, seeing they are burned?'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NEH:64.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.3.34/