Nehemiah 4:1 נְחֶמְיָה

Who acts: it, Sanballat, repairing, breaches · What happens: come, pass, hear, go, begin, stop · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Nehemiah 4:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Ketuvim — the Writings). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — it, Sanballat, repairing, breaches — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 13 chapters of Nehemiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְהִ֣י כַאֲשֶׁ֣ר שָׁמַ֣ע סַנְבַלַּ֡ט וְ֠טוֹבִיָּה וְהָעַרְבִ֨ים וְהָעַמֹּנִ֜ים וְהָאַשְׁדּוֹדִ֗ים כִּֽי־עָלְתָ֤ה אֲרוּכָה֙ לְחֹמ֣וֹת יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם כִּי־הֵחֵ֥לּוּ הַפְּרֻצִ֖ים לְהִסָּתֵ֑ם וַיִּ֥חַר לָהֶ֖ם מְאֹֽד׃

But it came to pass that, when Sanballat, and Tobiah, and the Arabians, and the Ammonites, and the Ashdodites, heard that the repairing of the walls of Jerusalem went forward, and that the breaches began to be stopped, then they were very wroth;

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְהִ֣י	cc	and
2	יְהִ֣י	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was
3	כַ	כְּ	ADP	_	2 יְהִ֣י	obl	when
4	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	5 שָׁמַ֣ע	mark
5	שָׁמַ֣ע	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 כַ	acl:relcl	he heard
6	סַנְבַלַּ֡ט	סַנְבַלַּט	PROPN	_	5 שָׁמַ֣ע	nsubj	Sanballat
7	וְ֠	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 טוֹבִיָּה	cc	and
8	טוֹבִיָּה	טֹובִיָּה	PROPN	_	6 סַנְבַלַּ֡ט	conj	Tobiah
9	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 עַרְבִ֨ים	cc	and
10	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 עַרְבִ֨ים	det	the
11	עַרְבִ֨ים	עַרְבִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	6 סַנְבַלַּ֡ט	conj	Arabs
12	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 עַמֹּנִ֜ים	cc	and
13	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 עַמֹּנִ֜ים	det	the
14	עַמֹּנִ֜ים	עַמּוֹנִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	6 סַנְבַלַּ֡ט	conj	Ammonites
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 אַשְׁדּוֹדִ֗ים	cc	and
16	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 אַשְׁדּוֹדִ֗ים	det	the
17	אַשְׁדּוֹדִ֗ים	אַשְׁדּוֹדִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	6 סַנְבַלַּ֡ט	conj	Ashdodites
18	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	19 עָלְתָ֤ה	mark	(dm) that
19	עָלְתָ֤ה	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	5 שָׁמַ֣ע	ccomp	it had gone up
20	אֲרוּכָה֙	אֲרוּכָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	19 עָלְתָ֤ה	nsubj	[the] repair
21	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	22 חֹמ֣וֹת	case	of
22	חֹמ֣וֹת	חוֹמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	20 אֲרוּכָה֙	nmod	the walls
23	יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם	יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם	PROPN	_	22 חֹמ֣וֹת	compound:smixut	of Jerusalem
24	כִּי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	25 הֵחֵ֥לּוּ	mark	(dm) that
25	הֵחֵ֥לּוּ	חָלַל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	19 עָלְתָ֤ה	parataxis	they had begun
26	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	27 פְּרֻצִ֖ים	det	the broken
27	פְּרֻצִ֖ים	פָּרַץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	25 הֵחֵ֥לּוּ	nsubj	down [parts]
28	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	29 הִסָּתֵ֑ם	case	to
29	הִסָּתֵ֑ם	סָתַם	VERB	HebBinyan=NIPHAL	25 הֵחֵ֥לּוּ	xcomp	be stopped up
30	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	31 יִּ֥חַר	cc	and
31	יִּ֥חַר	חָרָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִ֣י	conj	it burned
32	ל	לְ	ADP	_	33 ָהֶ֖ם	case	to
33	ָהֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 יִּ֥חַר	obl	them
34	מְאֹֽד	מְאֹד	ADV	_	31 יִּ֥חַר	advmod	exceedingly
35	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	34 מְאֹֽד	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
שָׁמַע he heard	qatal · qal	סַנְבַלַּט Sanballat + טוֹבִיָּה Tobiah + עַרְבִים Arabs + עַמֹּנִים Ammonites + אַשְׁדּוֹדִים Ashdodites	עָלְתָה it had gone up + הֵחֵלּוּ they had begun
עָלְתָה it had gone up	qatal · qal	אֲרוּכָה [the] repair
הֵחֵלּוּ they had begun	qatal · hiphil	פְּרֻצִים down [parts]
הִסָּתֵם be stopped up	infinitive construct · niphal		פְּרֻצִים down [parts]
יִּחַר it burned	wayyiqtol · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

But it came to pass that, when Sanballat, and Tobiah, and the Arabians, and the Ammonites, and the Ashdodites, heard that the repairing of the walls of Jerusalem went forward, and that the breaches began to be stopped, then they were very wroth;

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NEH:69.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/NEH.4.1/